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商业周刊（中文版） 2021年第14期 60-65页

作者： Robert Langreth philip keith(摄影) 不详

一年前,莫德纳(Moderna)还是一家未盈利的公司,它没有一款产品在市场上销售,只有一项前景不错但完全未经证明的技术。它的所有试验性药物和疫苗无一完成大规模试验。它有一款基于信使核糖核酸(mRNA)的新冠疫苗即将进Ⅲ期临床试验,但专... 详细信息

一年前,莫德纳(Moderna)还是一家未盈利的公司,它没有一款产品在市场上销售,只有一项前景不错但完全未经证明的技术。它的所有试验性药物和疫苗无一完成大规模试验。它有一款基于信使核糖核酸(mRNA)的新冠疫苗即将进Ⅲ期临床试验,但专家们对它相比传统的、更成熟的疫苗技术孰优孰劣意见不一。

关键词： Ⅲ期临床试验疫苗试验性药物

Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Emblematic forest dwellers reintroduced into cities： resource selection by translocated juvenile kaka

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Current Zoology 2016年第1期62卷 15-22页

作者： Mariano R. RECIO keith PAYNE philip J. SEDDON School of Surveying University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand Department of Zoology University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand Department of Physics University of Otago PO Box 56Dunedin New Zealand

Urbanization and exotic species are major threats to the conservation of forest-dependent wildlife species. Some emblematic species, indicators of habitat quality for the conservation of other spe- cies, might successfully be reintroduced within cities when habitat restoration and pest manage- ment programs are combined. We studied the landscape resource selection of juvenile kaka Nestor meridionalis tracked with Global Positioning System （GPS） units and released into the predator- free reserve of Zealandia in Wellington city, New Zealand. Kaka moved beyond the predator exclu- sion fence into urban suburbs. The home range size and areas of high use estimated using local convex hull （a-LoCoH） ranged from 20 to 240 ha and 2 to 21 ha, respectively. Using resource selec- tion functions and model selection we found that native forest patches and urban areas close to the reserve were selected by kaka to establish their home ranges. At a lower scale of selection （i.e., se- lection of habitats within home ranges）, kaka selected the same habitat, but not necessarily those close to the reserve. Native forest patches throughout the city can facilitate the dispersal of individ- uals, while the reserve provides protection and opportunities for supplementary feeding. Urban areas might have been selected due to the placement of feeders in private backyards. Survival of forest-dwelling species in cities requires careful urban planning and management to provide the necessary habitat patches, refugia, and food sources.

关键词： forest-dwellers GPS kaka New Zealand reintroductions resource selection urbanization Wellington.

Interactive labelling of a multivariate dataset for supervised machine learning using linked visualisations,clustering,and active learning

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Visual Informatics 2019年第1期3卷 9-17页

作者： Mohammad Chegini Jürgen Bernard philip Berger Alexei Sourin keith Andrews Tobias Schreck Graz University of Technology Austria School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore TU Darmstadt Germany University of Rostock Germany

Supervised machine learning techniques require labelled multivariate training *** approaches address the issue of unlabelled datasets by tightly coupling machine learning algorithms with interactive *** appropriate techniques,analysts can play an active role in a highly interactive and iterative machine learning process to label the dataset and create meaningful *** this principle has been implemented either for unsupervised,semi-supervised,or supervised machine learning tasks,the combination of all three methodologies remains *** this paper,a visual analytics approach is presented,combining a variety of machine learning capabilities with four linked visualisation views,all integrated within the mVis(multivariate Visualiser)*** available palette of techniques allows an analyst to perform exploratory data analysis on a multivariate dataset and divide it into meaningful labelled partitions,from which a classifier can be *** the workflow,the analyst can label interesting patterns or outliers in a semi-supervised process supported by active *** a dataset has been interactively labelled,the analyst can continue the workflow with supervised machine learning to assess to what degree the subsequent classifier has effectively learned the concepts expressed in the labelled training *** a novel technique called automatic dimension selection,interactions the analyst had with dimensions of the multivariate dataset are used to steer the machine learning algorithms.A real-world football dataset is used to show the utility of mVis for a series of analysis and labelling tasks,from initial labelling through iterations of data exploration,clustering,classification,and active learning to refine the named partitions,to finally producing a high-quality labelled training dataset suitable for training a *** tool empowers the analyst with interactive visualisations including scatterplots,parallel

关键词： Labelling Clustering Classification Active learning Multivariate data Visualisation

Leukocyte DNA methylation and colorectal cancer among male smokers

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2012年第8期4卷 193-201页

作者： keith Killian Stephanie Weinstein Jarmo Virtamo Margaret Tucker philip Taylor Demetrius Albanes Paul Meltzer Neil Caporaso Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20852 United States Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of HealthBethesda MD 20852 United States National Public Health Institute Helsinki FI-00271 Finland

AIM: To explore the association between methylation in leukocyte DNA and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in male smokers using the α-tocopherol, β-carotene cancer prevention study. METHODS: About 221 incident CRC cases, and 219 controls, frequency-matched on age and smoking intensity were included. DNA methylation of 1505 CpG sites selected from 807 genes were evaluated using Illumina GoldenGate Methylation Cancer Panel I in pre-diagnostic blood leukocytes of study subjects. Tertiles of methylation level classified according to the distribution in controls for each CpG site were used to analyze the association between methylation level and CRC risk with logistic regression. The time between blood draw to cancer diagnosis (classifying cases according to latency) was incorporated in further analyses using proportional odds regression. RESULTS: We found that methylation changes of 31 CpG sites were associated with CRC risk at P < 0.01 level. Though none of these 31 sites remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction, the most statistically significant CpG site associated with CRC risk achieved a P value of 1.0 × 10-4. The CpG site is located in DSP gene, and the risk estimate was 1.52 (95% CI: 0.91-2.53) and 2.62 (95% CI: 1.65-4.17) for the second and third tertile comparing with the lowest tertile respectively. Taking the latency information into account strengthened some associations, suggesting that the methylation levels of corresponding sites might change over time with tumor progression. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the methylation level of some genes were associated with cancer susceptibility and some were related to tumor development over time. Further studies are warranted to confirm and refine our results.

关键词： DNA methylation Colorectal cancer Susceptibility

Forest use suitability:Towards decision-making-oriented sustainable management of forest ecosystem services

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 414-427页

作者： Goran Krsnik keith MReynolds philip Murphy Steve Paplanus Jordi Garcia-Gonzalo JoséRamón González Olabarria Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia(CTFC) Ctra Sant Llorençde Morunyskm 2Solson1Lleida 25280Spain US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research3200 SW Jefferson WayCorvallisOR 97331USA InfoHarvest Inc.SeattleWA 98165USA Mountain View Business Group 428 Flying Orchid DrSan MarcosTX 78666USA Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO Ctra Sant Llorençde Morunyskm 2Solson1Lleida 25280Spain

Management of forest lands considering multi-functional approaches is the basis to sustain or enhance the provi-sion of specific benefits,while minimizing negative impacts to the *** a desired management itinerary to a forest depends on a variety of factors,including the forest type,its ecological characteristics,and the social and economic needs of local communities.A strategic assessment of the forest use suitability(FUS)(namely productive,protective,conservation-oriented,social and multi-functional)at regional level,based on the provision of forest ecosystem services and trade-offs between FUS alternatives,can be used to develop management strategies that are tailored to the specific needs and conditions of the *** present study assesses the provision of multiple forest ecosystem services and employs a decision model to identify the FUS that sup-ports the most present and productive ecosystem services in each stand in *** this purpose,we apply the latest version of the Ecosystem Management Decision Support(EMDS)system,a spatially oriented decision support system that provides accurate results for multi-criteria *** evaluate 32 metrics and 12 as-sociated ecosystem services indicators to represent the spatial reality of the *** to the results,the dominant primary use suitability is social,followed by protective and ***,final assignment of uses is not straightforward and requires an exhaustive analysis of trade-offs between all alternative options,in many cases identifying flexible outcomes,and increasing the representativeness of multi-functional *** assignment of forest use suitability aims to significantly improve the definition of the most adequate management strategy to be applied.

关键词： Forest ecosystem services Decision making Forest use suitability Multi-objective management Geospatial analysis

A prospective longitudinal study shows putamen volume is associated with moderate amphetamine use and resultant cognitive impairments

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Psychoradiology 2021年第1期1卷 3-12页

作者： keith M.Kendrick Joerg Daumann Daniel Wagner philip Koester Marc Tittgemeyer Qiang Luo Euphrosyne Gouzoulis-Mayfrank Benjamin Becker The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute Key Laboratory for NeuroinformationCenter for Information in MedicineSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of CologneGermany Max-Planck Institute for Neurological Research CologneGermany Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired IntelligenceFudan UniversityShanghaiPR China LVR Clinics of Cologne CologneGermany

Background:Amphetamine-type stimulants(ATS)have become a critical public health *** models have indicated a clear neurotoxic potential of *** humans,chronic use has been associated with cogni-tive deficits and structural brain ***,cross-sectional retrospective designs in chronic users cannot truly determine the causal direction of the ***:To prospectively determine effects of occasional ATS use on cognitive functioning and brain ***:In a prospective longitudinal study design,cognitive functioning and brain structure were assessed at baseline and at 12-month follow-up in occasional ATS users(cumulative lifetime use<10 units at baseline).Results:Examination of change scores between the initial examination and follow-up revealed declined verbal memory performance and putamen volume in users with high relative to low interim ATS *** the entire sample,interim ATS use,memory decline,and putamen volume reductions were strongly ***:The present findings support the hypothesis that ATS use is associated with deficient dorsal stri-atal morphology that might reflect alterations in dopaminergic *** importantly,these findings strongly suggest that even occasional,low-dose ATS use disrupts striatal integrity and cognitive functioning.

关键词： amphetamines brain volume dorsal striatum MDMA prospective stimulants

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牧草细胞壁:瘤胃内降解(英文)

草地学报 2007年第4期15卷 386-393页

作者：孙学钊 Simone O. Hoskin keith N. Joblin Ian G. Andrew philip J. Harris 盛亦兵新西兰农业研究院草地所兽医动物和生物医学研究所梅西大学细胞生物学研究所梅西大学生物学院奥克兰大学山东农业科学院

牧草细胞壁在瘤胃内降解主要是瘤胃微生物起作用。本综述概略地介绍了牧草细胞壁降解所涉及的以细菌为主的微生物,细胞壁多糖分解所需的酶,细胞壁降解模型以及细胞壁降解的限制因素。

关键词：牧草细胞壁瘤胃降解多糖

基于一个大型随机试验预测稳定性心绞痛队列患者死亡、心肌梗死和卒中的危险评分

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英国医学杂志中文版 2006年第1期9卷 16-19页

作者： Tim C Clayton Stuart J Pocock Jacobus Lubsen Zoltán Vokó Bridget-Anne Kirwan keith A A Fox philip A Poole-Wilson Department ofEpidemiology andPopulation Health London School of Hygiene andTropical MedicineLondon Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Erasmus Medical Centre 3000 DR Rotterdam Netherlandsprofessor School of Public Health University of Debrecen H-4028 Debrecen Hungary assistant professor SOCAR Research SA PO Box 2564 CH-1260 Nyon 2 Switzerland director Cardiovascular Research Unit EdinburghUniversityEdinburghEH16 4SBprofessor CardiovascularSciences NationalHeart and LungInstitute ImperialCollege LondonLondon SW3 6LYprofessor

目的对需要抗心绞痛治疗并且左心室功能代偿症状稳定的心绞痛患者建立预测全因死亡、心肌梗死和导致致残性卒中的复合危险评分。设计大型多中心临床试验数据的多变量Cox回归分析。背景西欧、以色列、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰的心脏专... 详细信息

目的对需要抗心绞痛治疗并且左心室功能代偿症状稳定的心绞痛患者建立预测全因死亡、心肌梗死和导致致残性卒中的复合危险评分。设计大型多中心临床试验数据的多变量Cox回归分析。背景西欧、以色列、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰的心脏专科门诊患者。入选者7311例具有全部需要资料的患者被入选。主要结局的测量指标平均随访4.9年时间内所有原因的死亡、心肌梗死或者致残性卒中。结果1063例患者发生任何原因死亡或者持久性心肌梗死或者致残性卒中。这些复合终点的5年危险性在危险性最低的十分位患者为4%,而在危险性最高的十分位患者为35%。危险评分结合16项临床常规变量的降序排序是:年龄、左心室射血分数、吸烟、白细胞计数、糖尿病、随机血糖浓度、肌酐浓度、既往卒中病史、1周至少1次心绞痛发作、冠状动脉造影发现(如果能够获得)、降脂治疗、QT间期、收缩期血压≥150mmHg、抗心绞痛药物数量、陈旧性心肌梗死以及性别。把这个模型分别应用于任何原因所致的死亡、心肌梗死和卒中进行预测评估,所得的结果相似。危险评分似乎不能预测事件性质(39%的死亡、46%心肌梗死以及15%致残性卒中)或者冠状动脉造影或血管重建率(占29%的患者)。结论该危险评分对客观地决定稳定性心绞痛患者进一步治疗措施以减少重要预后事件发生是有帮助的。该危险评分同样可以用于将来的计划性试验。

关键词：陈旧性心肌梗死心绞痛患者稳定性心绞痛冠状动脉造影危险评分随机试验血管重建治疗措施卒中预测