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Comparative study of degradation of toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK)in aqueous solution by pulsed corona discharge plasma

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 382-396页

作者： Jerin Jose Ligy philip Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

Effectiveness of pulsed power plasma for the degradation of two toxic volatile organic compounds(VOCs),toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK),in aqueous solution was *** plasma degradation of MIBK has been studied for the first *** influence of initial concentration of target compound,solution pH and scavengers on percentage degradation was evaluated.100%removal of 200 mg/L of toluene and MIBK was achieved both in liquid and gaseous phases after 12 and 16 min of plasma treatment,*** first order rate constant of toluene and MIBK degradation(for 200 mg/L each)was 0.421 and 0.319 min~(-1)respectively when they were treated individually,and these values decreased slightly during degradation of their *** degradation was slower than toluene and it might be due to semi volatile and hydrophilic nature of *** effect of initial concentration of toluene and MIBK showed different degradation *** degradation of both the compounds was obtained in neutral pH and in absence of scavengers.·OH radical was the major reactive species involved in their *** degradation in real environmental matrices showed that removal reduced significantly in secondary effluent due to scavenging of reactive species by various ions and organic *** total number of degradation intermediates identified in case of toluene and MIBK was 11 and 14 respectively and formate was the one recalcitrant byproduct *** degradation pathway of toluene and MIBK involving reactions of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and reductive species is proposed.

关键词： Degradation pathway Methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK) OH radical Pulsed power plasma Toluene

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The Reliability of Global and Hemispheric Surface Temperature Records

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第3期33卷 269-282页

作者： philip JONES Climatic Research Unit School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research Department of MeteorologyKing Abdulaziz University

The purpose of this review article is to discuss the development and associated estimation of uncertainties in the global and hemispheric surface temperature records. The review begins by detailing the groups that produce surface temperature datasets. After discussing the reasons for similarities and differences between the various products, the main issues that must be addressed when deriving accurate estimates, particularly for hemispheric and global averages, are then considered. These issues are discussed in the order of their importance for temperature records at these spatial scales： biases in SST data, particularly before the 1940s; the exposure of land-based thermometers before the development of louvred screens in the late 19th century; and urbanization effects in some regions in recent decades. The homogeneity of land-based records is also discussed; however, at these large scales it is relatively unimportant. The article concludes by illustrating hemispheric and global temperature records from the four groups that produce series in near-real time.

关键词： surface temperature data SST temperature homogeneity temperature biases urbanization

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Jian-Wei Pan:building the quantum internet

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National Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 374-376页

作者： philip Ball Writes for NSR from London

For many decades since its inception in the early twentieth century, quantum mechanics seemed to be an exotic and peculiarly non-intuitive kind of physics that applied to matter at the smallest scales:the laws that govern atoms, photons and subatomic particles. All our engineering,meanwhile, was dominated by the familiar rules of classical physics, in which objects have definite positions, trajectories and properties.

关键词： QKD Jian-Wei Pan:building the quantum internet NSR

More is different: how aggregation turns on the light

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National Science Review 2021年第6期8卷 112-115页

作者： philip Ball Writes for NSR from London

The reductionist approach to science seeks to understand the behaviour of systems by studying their individual components. It has been an enormously productive approach, but it is also widely acknowledged now that in some systems the behaviour of interest is an emergent property that cannot be discerned in the separate parts. Biology is replete with such examples, from the flocking of birds to the way metabolic processes in cells rely on a dynamic interplay of proteins and other components.

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Adaptive peer-to-peer streaming with MutualCast

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第5期7卷 737-748页

作者： CHOU philip A Microsoft Research One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052 USA

Application Layer Multicast (ALM) can greatly reduce the load of a server by leveraging the outgoing bandwidth of the participating nodes. However, most proposed ALM schemes become quite complicated and lose bandwidth efficiency if they try to deal with networks that are significantly heterogeneous or time-varying. In earlier work, we proposed MutualCast, an ALM scheme with fully connected mesh that quickly adapts to the time-varying networks, while achieving provably optimal throughput performance. In this paper, we study how MutualCast can be paired with adaptive rate control for streaming media. Specifically, we combine Optimal Rate Control (ORC), our earlier control-theoretical framework for quality adaptation, with the MutualCast delivery scheme. Using multiple bit rate video content, we show that the proposed system can gracefully adjust the common quality received at all the nodes while maintaining a continuous streaming experience at each, even when the network undergoes severe, uncorrelated bandwidth fluctuations at different peer nodes.

关键词： Peer-to-peer streaming, Distribution capacity, Quality adaptation, MutualCast

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面向多场景的新型建筑3D打印发展综述及关键科学问题

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世界建筑 2024年第10期 29-36页

作者：吴昊袁烽同济大学同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

建筑3D打印是推动智能建造与建筑工业化协同发展、实现我国城镇化建设高质量发展目标的重要路径。自2015年以来,全球建筑3D打印研究热度及项目实践呈现出飞速增长趋势,亟待从建筑设计层面出发,实现以设计思维引领的全局规划。本文对国... 详细信息

建筑3D打印是推动智能建造与建筑工业化协同发展、实现我国城镇化建设高质量发展目标的重要路径。自2015年以来,全球建筑3D打印研究热度及项目实践呈现出飞速增长趋势,亟待从建筑设计层面出发,实现以设计思维引领的全局规划。本文对国内外建筑3D打印的总体发展趋势、建造策略、打印装备、控制软件、应用场景及固废打印材料等方面进行调研分析,从材料制备,到构件设计,再到系统整合3个层次提出开展新型建筑3D打印相关研究应解决的3个关键问题,并有针对性地提出应重点关注的3个方向:设计引领、装备创新、性能驱动,以指导“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目的研究。

关键词：建筑3D打印智能建造性能化建构多场景应用

Making the world from topological order

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National Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 227-230页

作者： philip Ball writes for NSR

Topology used to be a term confined to a branch of pure mathematics, where it referred to an invariant property of shape. The classic example was the way objects containing a single hole, like a torus and a coffee cup with handle, can be smoothly moulded into one another without tearing. But topological considerations have long played a role in the physics of matter, where for example they might dictate

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IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF RIVER SYSTEM—Case Study of Shanghai,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2006年第2期16卷 102-108页

作者： philip JAMES Research Institute for the Built and Human Environment School of Environment and Life Sciences University of Salford Greater Manchester M5 4WT UK

Urbanization can affect the physical process of river growth, modify stream structure and further influence the functions of river system. Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world, which is located in Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta in China. Since the 1970s, the whole river system in Shanghai has been planned and managed by the Shanghai Water Authority. The primary management objectives in the last 30 years have been to enhance irrigation and flood-control. By using Horton-Strahler classification and Horton laws as a reference, a novel method of stream classification, in conjunction with the traditional and specially designed indicators, was applied to understanding the structure and functions of the river system in Shanghai. Correlation analysis was used to identify the interrelations among indicators. It was found that the impact of urbanization on the river system was significant although natural laws and physical characteristics marked a super-developed river system. There was an obvious correlation between the degree of urbanization and the abnormal values of some indicators. Urbanization impacts on river system such as branches engineered out, riverbank concreting and low diversity of river style were widely observed. Each indicator had distinct sensibility to urbanization so they could be used to describe different characteristics of urban river system. The function indicators were significantly related to structure indicators. Stream structure, described by fractal dimension and complexity of river system, was as important as water area ratio for maintaining river’s multi-function.

关键词： river system stream classification Horton law urbanization Shanghai

Progress in understanding youth-onset type 2 diabetes in the United States: recent lessons from clinical trials

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第4期15卷 315-321页

作者： philip Zeitler Section of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital ColoradoUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus13123 E16th AvenueAuroraCOUSA

Background Due to the dramatic increase in the rates of childhood obesity and youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the late 1990s in the United States,the US government,through the National Institute of Diabetes,Digestive Disease,and Kidney (NIDDK) and the Centers for Disease Control,funded a series of large studies and trials which,together,have formed the basis for much of what we currently understand about youth-onset *** sources The review focus on the recent results and implications of the treatment options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study and the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) *** and Conclusions Both TODAY and RISE studies have provided critical insight into the unique aspects of the pathophysiology of youth-onset type 2 diabetes and also provided the evidence base for our current approach to the management of this disorder.

关键词： Insulin resistance Insulin sensitivity Obesity Type 2 diabetes