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Experimental study on influence of blade angle and particle size on particle mechanics on a batch-operated single floor of a multiple hearth furnace

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 224-240页

作者： Max Kriegeskorte Nikoline Hilse phil Spatz Viktor Scherer Institute for Energy Plant Technology(LEAT) Ruhr University BochumUniversitätsstraβe 15044780 BochumGermany

In industry,multiple hearth furnaces are used for the thermal treatment of particulate *** current contribution concentrates on the experimental analysis of particle mechanics for a batch-operated single floor of a multiple hearth *** particles are agitated on the circular floor by a single,rotating rabble arm equipped with three flat rabble blades of 10 mm *** blade angle,defined as the angle,which the blade is inclined against the tangential direction,is varied from 0°to 90°.A single layer of spherical polyoxymethylene(POM)particles with three different diameters(5,10 and 20 mm)is placed on the *** analyze the results,two parameters have been extracted from image analysis when the bed of particles is agitated,first,the area not covered by particles and second,the frequency distribution of the mean distance among the *** particle free surface area increases with the inclination of the *** evolution of the particle free surface area differs for the different particle *** general,the maximum particle free area for all blade angles is the largest for the 5 mm particles followed by the 20 mm *** the 10 mm particles,the particle free surface area starts for a blade angle of 0°at larger values than for the 20 mm particles but the values fall below the values for the 20 mm particles for larger blade *** reason for this behavior is discussed in *** mean distance among the particles is a parameter characterizing the length scales dominating the effects on the *** frequency distribution of the mean distance among particles provides infor-mation about the morphology of the particle bulk,for example,whether the free surface area is inter-spersed with particles.

关键词： Hearth furnace floor Particle movement Spherical particles Particle free surface area Mean distance among particles

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A framework for dynamic modelling of railway track switches considering the switch blades,actuators and control systems

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 162-176页

作者： Saikat Dutta Tim Harrison Christopher Ward Roger Dixon phil Winship Institute of Thermofluids School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Network Rail Milton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK

The main contribution of this paper is the development and demonstration of a novel methodology that can be followed to develop a simulation twin of a railway track switch system to test the functionality in a digital *** is important because,globally,railway track switches are used to allow trains to change routes;they are a key part of all railway ***,because track switches are single points of failure and safety-critical,their inability to operate correctly can cause significant delays and concomitant *** order to better understand the dynamic behaviour of switches during operation,this paper has developed a full simulation twin of a complete track switch *** approach fuses finite element for the rail bending and motion,with physics-based models of the electromechanical actuator system and the control ***,it provides researchers and engineers the opportunity to explore and understand the design space around the dynamic operation of new switches and switch machines before they are *** is useful for looking at the modification or monitoring of existing switches,and it becomes even more important when new switch concepts are being considered and *** simulation is capable of running in real time or faster meaning designs can be iterated and checked *** paper describes the modelling approach,demonstrates the methodology by developing the system model for a novel“REPOINT”switch system,and evaluates the system level performance against the dynamic performance requirements for the *** the context of that case study,it is found that the proposed new actuation system as designed can meet(and exceed)the system performance requirements,and that the fault tolerance built into the actuation ensures continued operation after a single actuator failure.

关键词： Railway track switch Mathematical modelling Redundant actuation Finite element analysis

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Gelatin encapsulation of chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene as fumigants for soilborne diseases in the greenhouse cultivation of cucumber and tomato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第8期16卷 1758-1766页

作者： YAN Dong-dong WANG Qiu-xia LI Yuan OUYANG Can-bin GUO Mei-xia Jim Xinpei Huang John Busacca Jong Neng Shieh Alisa Ye Yu phil howard Don Williams CAO Ao-cheng Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Dow Agro Sciences R&D

Combined use of chloropicrin （Pic） and 1,3-dicloropropene （1,3-D） is as effective as methyl bromide （MB） at controlling soilborne diseases in many trials and commercial uses. However, Pic and 1,3-D are both highly volatile and may pose strong exposure risks to humans and the environment. A gelatin capsule formulation containing Pic and 1,3-D has been developed to reduce exposure risks to workers and bystanders and improved application safety. We conducted two experiments in tomato and cucumber greenhouses located in Beijing and Qingdao, China, to study the efficacy of Pic plus 1,3-D gelatin capsules applied at different dosages and soil depths. Results indicated that both injection and gelatin capsules of Pic plus 1,3-D provided good control of soil nematodes and reduced disease index of Fusarium wilt and root-knot nematode. Plant yield of tomato and cucumber treated with gelatin capsules was similar to MB treatment. Based on our results, gelatin capsules applied at a soil depth of 15 cm provided better control of soilborne diseases and led to higher fruit yield compared to an application depth of 5 cm. In conclusion, a gelatin capsule of Pic plus 1,3-D is a promising and novel formulation, which not only shows good efficacy in controlling soilborne diseases, but also reduces potential exposure risks of fumigants.

关键词： soil fumigation chloropicrin 1,3-dichloropropene gelatin capsule formulation efficacy application depth

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Biorenewable materials for water remediation: The central role of cellulose in achieving sustainability

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 253-282页

作者： Kirti Mishra Samarjeet Singh Siwal Thandiwe Sithole Nirankar Singh phil Hart Vijay Kumar Thakur Department of Chemistry M.M.Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Haryana 133207India Department of Chemical Engineering University of JohannesburgDoornfontein 2088South Africa Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland’s Rural CollegeEdinburgh EH93JGUnited Kingdom Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Centre Technology Innovation InstituteAbu Dhabi 9639United Arab Emirates School of Engineering University of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India

As the population increases and manufacturing grows,greenhouse gas and other harmful emissions *** with chemicals such as dyes,pesticides,pharmaceuticals,oil,heavy metals or radionuclides,wastewater purification has become an urgent *** technologies exist that can remove these contaminants from wastewater sources,but they often demand high energy and/or high cost,and in some cases produce contaminant laden sludge that requires safe *** need for methods which are less capital intensive,less operationally costly and more environmentally friendly is ***-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for wastewater treatment due to their renewability,low cost,biodegradability,hydrophilicity,and antimicrobial *** this review article,we focussed on developing sustainable and biodegradable cellulose-based materials for wastewater *** article deals with cellulose-based materials’scope and their conversion into valuable products like hydrogel,aerogel,cellulose composites,and *** cellulose-based materials have no harmful environmental impact and are *** modified cellulose-based materials applying as membrane,adsorbent,sorbent,and beads to purify the wastewater were ***,the challenges and future prospects of cellulose-based materials for wastewater treatment were considered,emphasizing their potential to be sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to traditional materials used in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Cellulose Wastewater treatment Hydrogel Nanocrystal Cellulose membrane

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The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： Adrian Harrison D.phil Department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background: Acute effects of Far Infrared (FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short periods of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and laterality asymmetries. Aim: This study examines three equine cases in detail to measure any effects of a short period of FIR treatment. Methods: Multi-frequency bioimpedance (mfBIA) and acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied pre- and post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and for *** dorsi and *** medius was recorded during a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters included extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (Mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and phase angle (PA) which indicates level of training and health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found to be horse-specific and different, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined balance and ST values for both muscles and all three horses of 86% was noted with FIR treatment, compared to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary study of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found to result in an overall improvement in combined balance and ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to reduce the risk of warm-up-related injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR Muscle Balance Muscle Force Injury Prevention

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运用18世纪的技术突破21世纪凸版印刷实验的界限

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装饰 2024年第2期 56-67页

作者： [英]高云飞汪芸密德萨斯大学《装饰》

高云飞是一位屡获殊荣的平面设计师、作家和艺术家。他的个性是在伦敦这个迷宫般的城市中形成的,同时,也受到了朋克、远东文化以及一些设计行业最著名和最有影响力的领导者的影响。他是安东尼·弗罗肖格的弟子。自1977年开始,他分别在... 详细信息

高云飞是一位屡获殊荣的平面设计师、作家和艺术家。他的个性是在伦敦这个迷宫般的城市中形成的,同时,也受到了朋克、远东文化以及一些设计行业最著名和最有影响力的领导者的影响。他是安东尼·弗罗肖格的弟子。自1977年开始,他分别在五角设计公司的艾伦·弗莱彻、荷兰TD的维姆·克劳维尔以及沃利·奥林斯设计事务所的迈克尔·沃尔夫的指导下磨练了自己的设计和排版技巧。目前,他运营着etal设计顾问公司。这是一家专业品牌代理机构,已创建了130多个品牌,其中包括在全球范围内为Visa重塑品牌,并以绘制Visa标识而知名。同时,他是伦敦密德萨斯大学创意产业专业的教授。他在世界各地举办有关创造力和设计的讲座,其早期的印刷作品存档于圣布莱德印刷图书馆(St Bride’s Printing Library)。他的书籍设计被V&A博物馆国家艺术图书馆(National Art Library)永久收藏。本文记录了高云飞近年来的实验性探索作品《我所挚爱的版式设计、字体与诗歌》,回溯了该作品与其45年前所做的金属手工字体实验之间的历史渊源,就版式和网格中的字体形式和结构系统的解构与重建进行了深入的探讨,并阐释了如何运用18世纪的技术突破21世纪凸版印刷实验的界限。

关键词：版式设计设计事务所高云飞艾伦平面设计师沃尔夫书籍设计弗莱彻

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基于多光谱图像的小麦种子形态和成分性状的自动化检测算法开发

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植物生理学报 2024年第4期60卷 739-752页

作者：李鸿岩戴杰周洁闻桢杰 phil Howell 周济南京农业大学前沿交叉研究院/工学院/作物表型组学交叉研究中心南京210095 英国国立农业植物研究所/剑桥作物研究中心英国剑桥CB3OLE

在全球气候变化加剧的背景下,小麦(Triticum aestivum)产量与中国粮食安全密切相关,因此,基于小麦种子外部形态与内部成分的快速、无损检测对高通量鉴定其品质和活力意义重大。针对当前种子检测通量及准确性的限制,本研究通过多学科融合... 详细信息

在全球气候变化加剧的背景下,小麦(Triticum aestivum)产量与中国粮食安全密切相关,因此,基于小麦种子外部形态与内部成分的快速、无损检测对高通量鉴定其品质和活力意义重大。针对当前种子检测通量及准确性的限制,本研究通过多学科融合,结合多光谱成像、计算机视觉、自动化图像处理等技术,开发了一种通过多光谱图像从近百粒种子中快速提取单粒、并在单粒尺度完成外部形态(如种子面积、长度、宽度与圆度等)和内部物质成分(如植物色素、淀粉、植物油脂与水分含量等)量化分析的算法。针对所选的15个小麦品种,算法对1 347粒种子形态性状的分析结果与人工测量结果间的决定系数(R2)为面积0.900 (RMSE=1.504)、长度0.981 (RMSE=0.188)、宽度0.911 (RMSE=0.795);对513粒种子的六个关键光谱波段的R2为0.973、0.970、0.983、0.953、0.891、0.893;以上P值均小于0.005。在此基础上,通过形态与光谱性状的聚类和主成分分析,本研究还构建了区分不同品种小麦种子的分类方法,进而探索了重要种子农艺性状(如种子破损区域及种胚检测等)的自动鉴选算法,为种子活力和品质的高通量检测研究提供了新思路和新方法。

关键词：种子形态分析种子成分表征多光谱成像技术自动化图像处理小麦

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沙漠战士角蜥泣血而战的御敌艺术家

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环球人文地理 2024年第3期 74-81页

作者：鲨鲨 David McGowen vaclav Scott rodphotography Ted Dale qingwa phil and Karen flickr

关键时刻能用眼睛喷出身体三分之一的血量，静止、伪装、膨胀……得克萨斯州的小小角蜥如同沙漠中的八边形战士，不舍昼夜地研究如何御敌。在长期的生存竞争中，动物们演化出了形形色色的逃生技巧。比如蟾蜍自爆求存，蚂蚁自杀式爆炸袭...

关键时刻能用眼睛喷出身体三分之一的血量，静止、伪装、膨胀……得克萨斯州的小小角蜥如同沙漠中的八边形战士，不舍昼夜地研究如何御敌。在长期的生存竞争中，动物们演化出了形形色色的逃生技巧。比如蟾蜍自爆求存，蚂蚁自杀式爆炸袭击……而最令人惊奇的，则是角蜥的喷血御敌。

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蟹状星云前世今生

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环球科学 2024年第5期 86-89页

作者：菲尔·普莱赵剑琳(译) 不详

蟹状星云是有史以来最为著名的超新星遗迹,如今,韦布空间望远镜或能揭示它的起源。大约在969年前,准确来说是1054年7月,一次超新星爆发——宇宙中能量最强、最剧烈的事件之一,它是恒星在演化末期经历的一种剧烈的爆炸——产生的光到达... 详细信息

蟹状星云是有史以来最为著名的超新星遗迹,如今,韦布空间望远镜或能揭示它的起源。大约在969年前,准确来说是1054年7月,一次超新星爆发——宇宙中能量最强、最剧烈的事件之一,它是恒星在演化末期经历的一种剧烈的爆炸——产生的光到达了地球。

关键词：蟹状星云超新星爆发超新星遗迹空间望远镜前世今生恒星宇宙

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The Black-winged Monarch(Monarcha frater):Geographic variation,taxonomy,a"new"population,and an enduring mystery in migration

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 467-477页

作者： Leo Joseph Julian Teh Paul Sweet phil Gregory Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO National Research Collections AustraliaCanberra2601Australia American Museum of Natural History New YorkUSA Sicklebill Safaris TopazQueensland4885Australia

The Black-winged Monarch(Monarcha frater)inhabits low-mid elevation forests across New Guinea and far northeastern *** its four recognized subspecies,*** is migratory,breeding in tropical north-eastern Australia from approximately November–*** non-breeding range of ***,apart from some individuals overwintering in Australia,has been unknown for>100 *** from 194 New Guinean and Australian specimens and a literature review have not solved this mystery;the narrow latitudinal range of the intratropical migration may inhibit use of GPS loggers in resolving the migration *** work in central and western parts of southern New Guinea is *** data,however,revealed an essentially overlooked population in north-western New Guinea east of the Bird's Head Peninsula phenotypically indistinguishable from nominate *** of that *** genomic analysis of the complex will be largely done from toepad skin because frozen tissue samples for DNA analysis exist only of four individuals of what we suggest should be elevated to species rank as *** discuss how genomic analysis might distinguish among alternative taxonomic hypotheses of one,two or three *** suggest English names for what we consider to be three diagnosable taxa worth recognizing at species rank in this group:Arfak Monarch corresponding to ***(Bird's Head Peninsula and the“new”population of north-western New Guinea);Pearly Monarch for ***(Australia and still unknown non-breeding range),and Masked Monarch for ***(including kunupi,elsewhere in New Guinea).

关键词： Australia Migration monarch flycatcher Monarcha frater New Guinea Taxonomy

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