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Association between the Phenotypes and Genotypes of Antimicrobial Resistance in Haemophilus parasuis Isolates from Swine in Quang Binh and Thua Thien Hue Provinces, Vietnam

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Engineering 2020年第1期6卷 40-48页

作者： Chao Nguyen Van Lijun Zhang Tam Vu Thi Thanh Hung pham Hoang Son Tuan Tran ngoc Qi Huang Rui Zhou State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Agricultural and ForestryHue UniversityHue 53000Vietnam Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHue 53000Vietnam Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production Wuhan 430070China International Research Center for Animal Diseases The Ministry of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) is one of the bacterial pathogens of great concern as it causes huge economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. One of the reasons why the control of H. parasuis has failed is the increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The country of Vietnam has the second-largest pig production in Asia. However, there is still a lack of data about the AMR prevalence of H. parasuis in *** purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of AMR and analyze the association between AMR and AMR genes (ARGs). The H. parasuis strains used in this research were isolated from swine in the Quang Binh and Thua Thien Hue Provinces, Central Vietnam, as reported in our previous study. All of the strains were tested for AMR against 25 antibacterial agents using the broth microdilution method and for the presence of ARGs using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The tested strains were shown to have a high frequency of resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (94.6%), followed by resistance to colistin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, penicillin, lincomycin, and amoxicillin. The most prevalent ARGs in these strains were blaTEM-1 (94.6%), int (76.8%), gyrA (58.9%), and rmtD (50.0%). Cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, and tobramycin resistances were strongly correlated with the presence of the ARGs blaROB-1 (odds ratio (OR) = 26.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7–255.7, p = 0.002), catl (OR = 25.1, 95% CI 2.4–258.9, p = 0.004), and strB (OR = 23.5, 95% CI 2.6–212.6, p = 0.001), *** study reveals for the first time the current situation of H. parasuis AMR in Central Vietnam, which is helpful for the clinical control of this disease, as well as for the development of policies and clinical practice guidelines to reduce AMR in swine production in Central Vietnam.

关键词： Haemophilus parasuis Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial resistance gene Vietnam

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佛教术语隐喻研究 ——以《西游记》为例

佛教术语隐喻研究 ——以《西游记》为...

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作者：范玉雪（pham ngoc TUYET）天津大学

学位级别：硕士

认知语言学理论在20世纪80年代逐渐产生了影响,它不仅吸取了现代语言学研究的精华,而且还反思现代语言学不能正视和回答的一些问题,并尝试对这些问题从一个新的认知角度做出解释。在认知语言学家眼里,隐喻——这种生动美丽的修辞,反映... 详细信息

认知语言学理论在20世纪80年代逐渐产生了影响,它不仅吸取了现代语言学研究的精华,而且还反思现代语言学不能正视和回答的一些问题,并尝试对这些问题从一个新的认知角度做出解释。在认知语言学家眼里,隐喻——这种生动美丽的修辞,反映人类的一种基本认知方式。其中,最有参考价值的是Lakoff和Johnson合著的Metaphors We live By（1980）。这部著作首次肯定认知语言学“隐喻”概念的重要性。并指出如果能巧妙地使用隐喻,将可使表现手法更加灵活、简洁、有效。佛教作为世界上最古老而又充满智慧的文明之一,其发展历史已逾两千多年,流传于不同的国家和地区。但由于不同语言文字的差异,造成现代人对佛教在理解上产生了一些困难,因而对佛教也望而却步。作为研究者要想恰当地理解佛教智慧,需先从佛教术语入手。前辈学者研究的成果表示,隐喻可以在佛教术语与人们的认知之间起到了桥梁作用。因此,本文从认知语言学的角度,借用“隐喻”概念的经验基础和实现两方面理论,来探讨和分析《般若波罗蜜多心经》以及“唯识学”中的主要术语。之所以选择《心经》以及“唯识学”来讨论佛教术语,是因为笔者想论述佛教里四个“依”中的一个——“依智不依识”的说法。《心经》主要讲解“般若——智慧”,“唯识学”则分析人的“识”,而这两个对象恰好在《西游记》里得以充分地描写出来。全文主要分为三部分:第一部分绪论。总体介绍论文的选题理由,研究内容、价值、方法,论文的结构框架,创新与不足之处。第二部分正文。分为四章:第一章是理论基础分析及研究现状。第一节介绍现有关于认知概念及认知语言学理论的研究成果。同时,我们也将论述关于佛教术语研究的一些见解。之所以这样做,是因为虽然之前已有不少学者以不同角度、理论等来研究佛教词语,但学者们大部分都站在“世间法的立场”上来解释佛教问题——以“旁观者”的视角（etic）。我们认为,这远远不够。佛教的内涵十分丰富,其思想和教义主要用来对治当事者之心灵问题,所以需要研究者不但有一定的科学知识,还需要以参与者的身份亲身实证（emic）,才可以得出一个比较客观、全面的见解,避免误解佛教或因执着于语言文字而导致运用教理不符的情况。第二节,我们将介绍“隐喻”概念的相关理论,并分析有代表性的例子。第三节,我们就关于佛教术语隐喻的研究现状进行综述。第二在解释《般若波罗蜜多心经》中的“般若”、“波罗蜜多”、“五蕴”、“空”等相关术语的同时,将充分地讨论跟其相关的隐喻,以方便佛教广大研究者有个科学性的认识和理解。第三章分别论述唯识学中的“阿赖耶识”、“末那识”、“意识”及“前五识”,即“八识心王”及其相关隐喻。虽然在本章里,笔者借用前人的研究成果最多的,而且大部分论述都来源于佛教人士的开示、书籍等资料,但这也是本章的亮点。因为,按佛教人士的说法,之所以有唯识理论,是因为历代祖师大德想教导众生,自己对生命以及宇宙万物的认知本带偏见,是错误的。只有明白了唯识的核心——“八识心王”的功能,才能正确地对待人生,以找到适合自己的修行方法,同时弥补前人对唯识研究的缺点。第四章,结合《西游记》中与上述术语相关的隐喻,描述、分析人物与事物形象。通过对吴承恩描写师徒四人的分析,充分肯定他对中国古代文学的杰出贡献,也是佛教真正的“行者”。为什么说师徒四人是“八识心王”的隐喻、孙悟空被压在“五行山”五百年是众生对“五蕴”的误解,“空”、“般若”、“烦恼”等重要佛教术语表现在哪里等论述,将是本章的主要内容。第三部分结语。通过正文的分析总结得出结论。本文通过理论与实际分析相结合以及旁观者与参与者的身份相结合等研究方法,探讨佛教词语的意义以及生活隐喻等相关问题。笔者希望能够借助本论文抛砖引玉,推动这门新兴的交叉学科——宗教修辞学,把它向系统化、多元化和国际化发展方向推进。

关键词：认知语言学佛教术语隐喻《西游记》

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语气副词对疑问形式的选择性研究

语气副词对疑问形式的选择性研究

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作者：范玉灯（pham ngoc Dang）上海师范大学

学位级别：硕士

本文主要以典型的现代汉语语气副词为例,研究这些语气副词对疑问形式的选择性,主要探讨制约语气副词跟疑问形式的搭配能力的因素。所讨论的子题包括:1)分布在疑问形式的语气副词;2)疑问形式的疑惑度及询问度;3)疑问形式的焦点;4)陈述—... 详细信息

本文主要以典型的现代汉语语气副词为例,研究这些语气副词对疑问形式的选择性,主要探讨制约语气副词跟疑问形式的搭配能力的因素。所讨论的子题包括:1)分布在疑问形式的语气副词;2)疑问形式的疑惑度及询问度;3)疑问形式的焦点;4)陈述—疑问转换生成的性质对疑问副词的选择性的影响;5)真问转换生成反问的过程对疑问副词选择性的影响。第一章是绪论。第二章以“到底”在疑问形式中的选择性为例,讨论表追问的语气副词对正反问、选择问、特指问三种疑问形式的选择性。我们认为,语气副词在疑问形式的成立机制中具有补助的功能,体现了发问人对疑问形式的话题表示突显的主观性。研究表明,追问类语气副词倾向于选择疑惑度强和具有离散性焦点的疑问形式。第三章研究“大概”、“也许”、“恐怕”在疑问形式中的选择性。本章认为,估计类语气副词的预设功能以及其较强的肯定性倾向导致它们选择具有非离散性焦点的“吧”字型是非疑问形式。第四章以“难道”在疑问形式中的选择性为例,提出一般疑问句转换成反问句的语义框架。我们认为,同型的一般疑问句和反问句有共同的语义框架。这个语义框架导致一般疑问句和反问句之间的同型同焦点的现象。本章认为,语调是非问和“吗”字型是非疑问形式的语气结构导致“难道”选择这两种反问句的现象。第五章是结语。

关键词：语气副词疑惑度询问度反问焦点离散性焦点

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A Design Configuration of an FPGA-Based Coincident Spectrometry System

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2013年第3期3卷 158-162页

作者： pham Dinh Khang Nguyen Nhi Dien Dang Lanh Nguyen Xuan Hai pham ngoc Tuan Nguyen Duc Hoa Nguyen An Son Nuclear Research Institute Dalat Vietnam Nuclear Training Center Hanoi Vietnam University of Dalat Dalat Vietnam University of Dalat Dalat Vietnam.

In the past, most of popular coincidence spectrometers were normally based on traditional electronics techniques such as time to amplitude conversion or logic selecting coincidence unit. They were complicated and it is not convenient for us to use them. This paper deals with a new design of a contemporary coincidence spectrometer which is based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) devices via Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques with Hardware Description Language (VHDL). The outstanding advantage of DSP techniques and FPGA technology is capable of enhancement of the quality of the experimental measurements for nuclear radiation. The designed configuration of the traditional system was tested on the PCI 7811R board of National Instruments while the digital systems were establishing with FPGA devices. The purpose of this work is referring to the principle for construction of an FPGA-based system capable of replacing a conventional system. Therefore, a novel approach for in-house development of digital techniques is presented. The method for designing the system is utilization of slow-fast coincidence configurations with two HPGe detectors obtaining a pair of coincidence events, processing data in DSP algorithms. The significant and noticeable results are the operating frequency of 80 MHz and system timestamp window of approximately 10 ns.

关键词： Digital Signal Processing FPGA VHDL

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An Impact of Different Silicone Breast Implants on the Bacterial Attachment and Growth

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 21-33页

作者： Sun Young Nam Xinrui Zhang Omar Faruq pham ngoc Chien Nilsu Dönmez Chan Yeong Heo Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Republic of Korea Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea

Bacterial biofilms have been implicated with breast implant complications including capsular contracture, double-capsule formation, and breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma. However, the relationship between implant surface texture and microbial biofilm formation is insufficiently evaluated. In the present study, we examined the antimicrobial activities of different types of silicone breast implant. The growth of bacterial including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was compared using implants with various surface textures, including Hans Smooth, Hans SmoothFine, Allergan Smooth, Eurosilicone Smooth, Eurosilicone Texture, Sebbin Smooth, Sebbin Micro, Sebbin Texture, and Motiva Smooth. Microbial investigation revealed the increased growth of S. aureus on breast implants after 48 h, except Eurosilicone Smooth, Eurosilicone Texture, Hans SmoothFine and Sebbin Smooth material. At 48 hours, there was no major difference between the S. aureus attachment on smooth and textured implants. The results of S. epidermis attachment on the implant after 48 h showed that their growth decreased on surfaces of Motiva Smooth, Sebbin Smooth, and Eurosilicone Smooth. These results indicated that S. epidermis was unable to survive on these breast implants. Eventually, P. aeruginosa count had showed decrease of bacterial count after 48 hours compared to 24 hours in most of the implants except for Eurosilicone Texture, Sebbin Smooth and Sebbin Micro, where the count of P. aeruginosa slightly increased. This indicated that P. aeruginosa was unable to exist on the smooth surfaces. Our results show that the in vitro assay revealed no significant difference between smooth and textured surfaces and showed variable interactions and needed further molecular analysis to assess their adherence nature.

关键词： Silicone Implants Surface Texture Biofilm Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus aureus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacterial Attachment

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Surface Mapping of Resistive Switching CrO_x Thin Films

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2016年第3期6卷 21-27页

作者： Kim ngoc pham Kieu Hanh Thi Ta Lien Thuong Thi Nguyen Vinh Cao Tran Bach Thang Phan Faculty of Materials Science University of Science Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Faculty of Resources and Environment Thu Dau Mot University Binh Duong City Vietnam Laboratory of Advanced Materials University of Science Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

In this work, we investigated resistive switching behavior of CrOx thin films grown by using sputtering technique. Conventional I-V measurements obtained from Ag/CrOx/Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si structures depict the bipolar switching behavior, which is controlled by formation/dissolution processes of Ag conducting filaments through electrochemical redox reaction under external electric field driven. Conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) technique provides the valuable mapping images of existing Ag filaments at low resistance state as well as the characteristics of filament distributions and diameters. This study also reveals that where the higher amplitude of topography is, the easier possibility of forming conducting filament paths is on CrOx surface films.

关键词： Resistive Switching Chromium Oxide C-AFM Surface Mapping Metal Filament

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Physical Examination Indicated Rescue Cerclage to Improve Live Birth Rate at Hung Vuong Hospital in Vietnam

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第3期10卷 400-408页

作者： Huynh Nguyen Khanh Trang Tran Thi ngoc Tam pham Huynh Phuc Hung Hoang Thi Diem Tuyet pham ngoc Thach University of Medicine HCMC Vietnam Hung Vuong Hospital HCMC Vietnam.

Emergency cerclage with advanced cervical dilatation and bulging of fetal membranes is still challenging to obstetricians.?Objective:?To identify the live birth rate after physical examination indicated rescue cerclage. Methods:?A retrospective cohort study of 36 pregnant women, who underwent rescue cerclage at Hung Vuong hospital from January 2015 to January 2019. Selection criteria: cervical dilation 10 to 40 mm, at 20 to 30 gestational weeks. Exclusion criteria: multiple pregnancy, birth defects, pregnancy termination due to maternal or fetal indications. Results: Delivery of live infant rate was 72.22%;mean pregnancy prolongation was 42.8 ±?34.15 days. Early live birth rate was 77.78%. The percentage of delivery after 34 and 37 weeks was 44.45% and 27.78%, respectively. Live birth weight was 400 to 3600?g, with mean being 1878.06 ±?1049.04?g. No procedure-related complication was observed. Conclusions:?Rescue cerclage may be an effective and safe method in prolonging pregnancy and improving neonatal outcome in women with cervical dilation 10 to 40 mm. It should be considered as a viable option for women with a dilated cervix in 20 to 30 gestational weeks. Future controlled studies are needed.

关键词： Emergency Cerclage Delivery of Live Infant Rate

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***（好市网）营销策略研究

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作者：范俊玉（pham Tuan ngoc）南京财经大学

学位级别：硕士

随着越南互联网的蓬勃发展,网上购物得到快速发展。网上购物的兴起不仅给人们的生活带来了极大的便利与实惠,还产生了新的互联网经济模式,同时打破了原有产业格局,使得传统企业倍感压力。这其中发展最为迅速的是C2C网络购物市场。由于... 详细信息

随着越南互联网的蓬勃发展,网上购物得到快速发展。网上购物的兴起不仅给人们的生活带来了极大的便利与实惠,还产生了新的互联网经济模式,同时打破了原有产业格局,使得传统企业倍感压力。这其中发展最为迅速的是C2C网络购物市场。由于越南互联网普及正处在高速发展期,C2C电子商务市场规模将保持持续快速增长。同时,网络购物正在逐步加深渗透,更多的品类将加入网购行列,二,三线城市和农村市场也呈现快速增长。经过几年的大浪淘沙,越南电子商务经历段平静时间后现在又兴起。目前越南C2C市场形成了“好市网”,“物价网”,“五秒网”和“***”四强的局面,而好市网作为后起之秀,在很短的时间内就打败了早先占据垄断地位的行业巨头物价网,并将其远远抛在身后。但同时,谷歌,脸书网等高调宣布进入市场参与竞争,传统零售厂商也纷纷推出在线销售参与竞争,好市网面临巨大挑战。尤其严酷的事实是,越南C2C市场尚未找到成熟的盈利模式,在好市网母公司701Search集团增长趋缓的形势下,好市网能否继续保持领先地位,将更多依赖于好市网能否找到更多适合的盈利途径。目前,701Search集团的B2C平台已在新加坡及其他国家业务收费,其部分增值服务也取得了较好的市场反应,在这种情况下,研究好市网的营销策略和盈利途径,对好市网实现持续高速发展有着不同寻常的意义。本文对论题的研究采取了分析的方法,从剖析好市网的成功经验开始,借助战略分析工具,本文的重点研究是通过PETS分析法对好市网进行宏观环境分析和运用五种竞争力量模型来分析行业环境和内外部环境通过这两种分析来了解好市网营销环境来研究好市网的营销策略的依据。运用SWOT矩阵来分析好市网公司内部资源来研究好市网的SO(优势-机会)战略从此对好市网的营销策略规划做了初步探讨和研究,并提出相应的营销策略和参考盈利途径,以期进一步巩固好市网的优势竞争地位,并为越南C2C电子商务市场的发展提供借鉴。

关键词：电子商务 C2C 网上购物营销策略

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Induction of Anthracnose Disease Resistance on Chili Fruit by Treatment of Oligochitosan—Nanosilica Hybrid Material

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 1105-1113页

作者： pham Dinh Dzung Le Thanh Hung Le Si ngoc Hoang Dac Hiet Bui Van Le Nguyen Tien Thang Dang Van Phu Nguyen ngoc Duy Nguyen Quoc Hien Research and Development Center for Hi-Tech Agriculture Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam University of Science Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Research and Development Center for Radiation Technology Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

Oligochitosan (OC) with molecular weight Mw of 5000 g/mol was prepared by gamma Co-60 ray irradiation of chitosan solution. Nanosilica (nSiO2) with the size of 10 - 30 nm was synthesized by calcination of acid treated rice husk. The mixture of 1% OC - 1% nSiO2 was prepared by dispersion of nSiO2 in OC solution. The morphology of nSiO2 in the mixture of OC-nSiO2 was measured from images of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of foliar application of the mixture of OC-nSiO2 on the induction of resistance against anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides fungus on chili fruits was investigated. Results indicated that foliar application of OC-nSiO2 with the concentration of 60 mg/l - 60 mg/l was found to be as the optimal treatment that reduced the disease severity on chili fruits to 22.2% compared with 90.0% of the control. Thus, OC-nSiO2 hybrid material could be considered as an effective biotic elicitor to prevent anthracnose disease infection for chili fruits. Furthermore, the prepared OC-nSiO2 hybrid material can also be used as an environmentally friendly agrochemical product for sustainable development of agriculture.

关键词： Oligochitosan Nanosilica Chili Fruit Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Anthracnose

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Assessment of Growth and Productivity on Four Black Pepper Varieties (<i>Piper nigrum</i>L.) in Three Target Provinces of Vietnam

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第12期13卷 647-655页

作者： Duong Thi Oanh Nguyen Van Long Nguyen Quang ngoc Tran Thi Dieu Hien pham Thi Hoai Nguyen Ba Huy Pepper Research and Development Centre Pleiku City Viet Nam

Black pepper varieties, namely “Vinh Linh”, “Lada”, “An Do” and “Loc Ninh” were planted in three different ecological regions: Dak Lak, Gia Lai and Dong Nai in order to compare the growth ability, productivity, and quality of peppercorn. The experiments were designed in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The results of study have been indicated that “Vinh Linh” and “Lada” both varieties performed better crucial parameters of growth, productivity and yield, after 36 months planted. Although having greater growth parameter in the location of Dong Nai province, four varieties showed lower yield than other regions. By contrast, the four pepper types achieved the highest yield in Gia Lai, followed by Dak Lak. With respect to peppercorn quality, “Vinh Linh”, “Loc Ninh” and “Lada” achieved requirements of Vietnamese Standard (TCVN 7036:2008) including bulk density: 535.69 - 612.72 g/l;piperine: 4.06 - 4.31 g/100g and volatile oil at 2.72 - 3.16 ml/100g. In contrast, “An Do” variety presented the poorest level of piperine (3.78 g/100g), and unachieved requirements.

关键词： Pepper Varieties Growth Yield Ecology Vietnam

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