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Association between helminth infections and diabetes mellitus in adults from the Lao People’s Democratic Republic:a crosssectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 1110-1120页

作者： Nan Shwe Nwe Htun Peter Odermatt Phimpha Paboriboune Somphou Sayasone Malisa Vongsakid Vilayouth Phimolsarn-Nusith Xuan Duong Tran Phoum-Savath Ounnavong Navalone Andriama-Hefasoa Nilun-Done Senvanpan Anousine Homsana Baocher Lianosay Dalouny Xayavong Dimbitsoa Rakotomalala Robinson phaivanh bounsavath Phoy-Phaylinh Prasayasith Seng-Davanh Syphan Yi-Xiao Lu Kanchana Thilakoun Xaipa-Song Xaiyaphet Phout-Tasin Vongngakesone Ikenna C Eze Medea Imboden Banchob Sripa Daniel Reinharz Nicole Probst-Hensch Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstitutePO Box40024051 BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland The Francophone Institute for Tropical Medicine(International Program for Health in the Tropics) VientianeLao PDR Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute Ministry of HealthVientianeLao People’s Democratic Republic Tropical Disease Research Laboratory Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Universite Laval Quebec CityCanada

Background:As a result of epidemiological transition,the health systems of low-and middle-income countries are increasingly faced with a dual disease burden of infectious diseases and emerging non-communicable *** is known about the mutual influence of these two disease *** aim of this study was to investigate the cooccurrence of helminth infections and diabetes mellitus in adults in Lao People’s Democratic Republic(Lao PDR).Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1600 randomly selected adults aged 35 and older from four different socio-economical and ecological *** on socio-demographics,risk factors and health conditions was obtained from personal *** assessments including anthropometry(height,weight,waist and hip circumference)and blood pressure measurements were also *** was classified based on selfreported diagnoses and a point-of-care glycated haemoglobin(HbA1c)test from finger prick blood *** samples for helminth diagnosis were examined with formalin-ether concentration technique for intestinal parasitic *** independent associations of helminth infections with diabetic status and HbA1c were assessed using multiple regression ***:The prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes was 37.3%and 22.8%,***-six percent of diabetic cases were undiagnosed and 85%of diagnosed diabetic cases had poor glycemic *** from rural areas and from southern parts of the country had higher infection rates,with Opisthorchis viverrini,being the most common helminth infection(30.5%).We found a positive association between Taenia *** and HbA1c(β=0.117;95%CI:0.042-0.200)and diabetes mellitus risk(OR=2.98;95%CI:1.10-8.05).No other helminth species was associated with glycated ***:Hyperglycaemia and diabetic rates in Lao PDR are alarmingly high,but consistent with other high rates in the *** the high rates of unde

关键词： Dual burden of disease Opisthorchis viverrini Taenia Diabetes mellitus Cross-sectional Epidemiology Adults Lao PDR

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Southeast Asian primate communities:the effects of ecology and Pleistocene refuges on species richness

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第4期8卷 417-426页

作者： Heather HASSEL-FINNEGAN Carola BORRIES Qing ZHAO phaivanh PHIAPALATH Andreas KOENIG Department of Anthropology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Biology Department Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePAUSA College of Life Science Peking UniversityBeijingChina International Union for Conservation of Nature VientianeLao PDR

We examined historical and ecological factors affecting current primate biodiversity in Southeast *** Africa,Madagascar and South America,but not Southeast Asia,primate species richness is positively associated with average rainfall and distance from the equator(latitude).We predicted that Southeast Asia’s non-conformance may be due to the effect of dispersed Pleistocene refuges(locations of constricted tropical forests during glacial maxima which today are at least 305 m in altitude).Based on 45 forested sites(13 on large islands;32 on the mainland)of at least 100 km^(2) to minimize recent human impact,we determined correlations between extant primate species richness and rainfall,latitude and supplementary ecological variables,while controlling for refuges and *** found that refuge sites had significantly higher primate species richness than non-refuges(t=-2.76,P<0.05),and distance from the nearest Pleistocene refuge was negatively correlated with species richness for non-refuge sites(r=-0.51,P<0.05).There was no difference in species richness between sites on large islands and the mainland(t=-1.4,P=0.16).The expected positive relationship between rainfall and species richness was not found(r=0.17,P=0.28).As predicted,primate species richness was negatively correlated with latitude(r=-0.39,P<0.05)and positively correlated with mean temperature(r=0.45,P<0.05).General linear models indicated that a site’s latitude(F_(1,38)=6.18,P<0.05)and Pleistocene refuge classification(F_(1,42)=5.96,P<0.05)were the best predictors of species *** ecological and historical factors contribute to present day primate species richness in Southeast Asia,making its biodiversity less of an outlier than previously believed.

关键词： allopatric speciation island latitude mainland rainfall temperature

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