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Achievements and trends of solid oxide fuel cells in clean energy field: a perspective review

Frontiers in Energy 2020年第2期14卷 359-382页

作者： Abdalla M.ABDALLA Shahzad HOSSAIN pg mohdiskandr petra Mostafa GHASEMI Abul K.AZAD Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalanTungku LinkGadong BE 1410Brunei Darussalam Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41522Egypt Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Bangladesh Atomic Energy CommissionGPO Box No 3787Dhaka 1000Bangladesh Petroleum Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar31750 TronohPerakMalaysia

The main concerns in the world today,especially in the energy field,are subjected to clean,efficient,and durable sources of *** three aspects are the main goals that scientist are paying attention ***,the various types of energy resources include fossil and sustainable ones,but still some challenges are chasing these kinds from energy conversion,storage,and ***,the most reliable and considered energy resource nowadays is the utilized one which is as highly efficient,clean,and everlasting as ***,in this review,an attempt is made to highlight one of the promising types as a clean and efficient energy *** oxide fuel cell(SOFC)is the most efficient type of the fuel cell types involved with hydrogen and hydrocarbon-based fuels,especially when it works with combined heat and power(CHP).The importance of this type is due to its nature of work as conversion tool from chemical to electrical for generation of power without noise,pollution,and can be safely handled.

关键词： solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs) clean energy design micro-scale nano-scale performance

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胃泌素释放肽前体(Pro-GRP)——小细胞肺癌诊断标志物(英文)

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中国肺癌杂志 2009年第3期12卷 183-186页

作者： petra STIEBER Institute far Clinical Chemistry University Hospital Munich Campus Grofshadern

小细胞肺癌占所有肺癌的25%。研究表明,小细胞肺癌的癌细胞会分泌具有高度特异性的神经肽,胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRP:Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide)。ProGRP诊断小细胞肺癌具有高灵敏度(最高可达到86%)和高特异性(肾功能正常情况下,Pro... 详细信息

小细胞肺癌占所有肺癌的25%。研究表明,小细胞肺癌的癌细胞会分泌具有高度特异性的神经肽,胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRP:Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide)。ProGRP诊断小细胞肺癌具有高灵敏度(最高可达到86%)和高特异性(肾功能正常情况下,ProGRP在150 pg/mL左右对于小细胞肺癌的诊断特异性近100%)。与CEA、CYFRA 21-1、NSE及嗜铬粒蛋白A等其他肺癌相关肿瘤标志物相比,ProGRP在释放量、肿瘤特异性及器官特异性都占有优势。由于在发生良性病变及其他癌症(包括非小细胞肺癌在内)时,没有ProGRP产生或产生量很少,因此ProGRP检测对于鉴别诊断有很大帮助。由于ProGRP的释放不依赖于肿瘤分期,所以该标志物可用于高危人群(如,吸烟者)的筛查。此外,ProGRP对于复发癌症的检出灵敏度高达74%,高于NSE(32%)及CEA(56%)的监测表现,成为小细胞肺癌病变进展最明确的指标。由此可见,ProGRP是一种作常罕见的小细胞肺癌生物学标志物,有重要诊断应用价值。本文就此方面研究现状作一概述。

关键词：非小细胞肺癌胃泌素释放肽前体诊断标志物 ProGRP Gastrin 嗜铬粒蛋白A 生物学标志物高特异性

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Dose-Response Relationship between Dietary Polyphenols from Acorns and Parotid Gland Hypertrophy in Pigs

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第9期3卷 1261-1268页

作者： Maria Grazia Cappai petra Wolf Walter Pinna Josef Kamphues Institute of Animal Nutrition University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation Bischofsholer Dam Hannover Germany Research Unit of Animal Husbandry Sciences Department of Agriculture University of Sassari via Vienna ex-Faculty of Vete-rinary Medicine Sassari Italy

Proline contents of parotid glands (pg) in pigs constantly increase after the inclusion of different amounts of ripe hulled acorns in the diet providing high polyphenols levels. The dose-response relationship was estimated on natural hydrolizable tannins (expressed as tannic acid equivalent TAE) amounts of 25.8 to 36.1 g TAE/kg DM in experimental diets. Macroscopic and histological morphometry of parotid glands greatly varied according to feed intake and dosages of TAE ingested. The pg response (hypertrophy grade) on acorns’ tannins content in the diet was positively correlated (R2 = 0.748): the response to the protein precipitating activity (PPA) of tannins consisted of a functional parotidomegaly (hypertrophy), 1.34 up to 3.55 folds than control pgs, following an oral dosage 0.596 up 1.72 TAE g·kg body weight·d-1 respectively, after one week exposure.

关键词： Acorns Parotid Gland Polyphenols Hypertrophy Proline Secretory Response

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Fast and Sensitive Chiral Analysis of Amphetamines and Cathinones in Equine Urine and Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第13期6卷 995-1003页

作者： Caroline C. Wang petra Hartmann-Fischbach Tim R. Krueger Alisha Lester Aaron Simonson Terry L. Wells Max O. Wolk Nick J. Hidlay Industrial Laboratories Wheat Ridge USA

A simple, rapid, sensitive and reproducible method for enantiomer analysis of methamphetamine, amphetamine, cathinone and methcathinone was developed and validated. The compounds were extracted from equine plasma and urine using a fast liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Only one milliliter plasma and one hundred microliter urine sample is needed for analysis. The extraction procedure had good recovery (>70%) and the matrix effect was negligible. Enantiomer differentiation and confirmation were achieved using liquid chromatography with chiral stationary phase and mass spectrometry detection. The method demonstrated excellent reproducibility with intra-day and inter-day precision of lower than 5%. The lower limits of detection for all of the compounds studied here were at low pg/mL level for both plasma and urine. This is the first report of the analysis of four chiral compounds in equine plasma and urine. Routine application was demonstrated for (S)- and (R)-enantiomer differentiation.

关键词： Amphetamines and Cathinones Equine Plasma and Urine Chiral Analysis Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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