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Tuning the crystallinity of titanium nitride on copper-embedded carbon nanofiber interlayers for accelerated electrochemical kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 40-55页

作者： Yinyu Xiang Liqiang Lu Feng Yan Debarun Sengupta petra Rudolf Ajay Giri Prakash Kottapalli Yutao Pei Advanced Production Engineering Engineering and Technology Institute GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands

The development of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries is hindered by the disadvantages of shuttling of polysulfides and the sluggish redox kinetics of the conversion of sulfur species during discharge and ***,the crystallinities of a titanium nitride(TiN)film on copper-embedded carbon nanofibers(Cu-CNFs)are regulated and the nanofibers are used as interlayers to resolve the aforementioned crucial issues.A low-crystalline TiN-coated Cu-CNF(L-TiN-Cu-CNF)interlayer is compared with its highly crystalline counterpart(H-TiN-Cu-CNFs).It is demonstrated that the L-TiN coating not only strengthens the chemical adsorption toward polysulfides but also greatly accelerates the electrochemical conversion of *** to robust carbon frameworks and enhanced kinetics,impressive highrate performance at 2 C(913 mAh g^(-1)based on sulfur)as well as remarkable cyclic stability up to 300 cycles(626 mAh g^(-1))with capacity retention of 46.5%is realized for L-TiN-Cu-CNF interlayer-configured Li-S *** under high loading(3.8 mg cm^(-2))of sulfur and relatively lean electrolyte(10μL electrolyte per milligram sulfur)conditions,the Li-S battery equipped with L-TiN-Cu-CNF interlayers delivers a high capacity of 1144 mAh g^(-1)with cathodic capacity of 4.25 mAh cm^(-2)at 0.1 C,providing a potential pathway toward the design of multifunctional interlayers for highly efficient Li-S batteries.

关键词： crystallinity electrochemical kinetics interlayer lithium-sulfur batteries titanium nitride

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Multimodal imaging of experimental choroidal neovascularization

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第6期15卷 886-893页

作者： Ioanna Tsioti Xuan Liu petra Schwarzer Martin S.Zinkernagel Despina Kokona Department of Ophthalmology InselspitalBern University Hospitaland Department of BioMedical ResearchUniversity of BernBern 3010Switzerland Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To compare choroidal neovascularization(CNV)lesion measurements obtained by in vivo imaging modalities,with whole mount histological preparations stained with isolectin GS-IB4,using a murine laser-induced CNV ***:B6 ***-Tg(Csf1 r-EGFP)1 Hume/J heterozygous adult mice were subjected to laser-induced CNV and were monitored by fluorescein angiography(FA),multicolor(MC)fundus imaging and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)at day 14 after CNV *** pigment epithelium(RPE)whole mounts were prepared at the end of the experiment and were stained with isolectin *** areas were measured in all different imaging modalities at day 14 after CNV from three independent raters and were compared to choroidal-RPE whole *** correlation coefficient(ICC)type 2(2-way random model)and its 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated to measure the correlation between different raters’***’s rank correlation coefficient(Spearman’s r)was calculated for the comparison between FA,MC and OCTA data and histology ***:FA(early and late)and MC correlates well with the CNV measurements ex vivo with FA having slightly better correlation than MC(FA early Spearman’s r=0.7642,FA late Spearman’s r=0.7097,and MC Spearman’s r=0.7418),while the interobser ver reliability was good for both techniques(FA early ICC=0.976,FA late ICC=0.964,and MC ICC=0.846).In contrast,OCTA showed a poor correlation with ex vivo measurements(Spearman’s r=0.05716)and high variability between different raters(ICC=0.603).CONCLUSION:This study suggests that FA and MC imaging could be used for the evaluation of CNV areas in vivo while caution must be taken and comparison studies should be performed when OCTA is employed as a CNV monitoring tool in small rodents.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization in vivo imaging fluorescein angiography multicolor fundus imaging optical coherence tomography angiography

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River management system development in Asia based on Data Integration and Analysis System(DIAS) under GEOSS

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第1期58卷 76-95页

作者： Toshio KOIKE petra KOUDELOVA Patricia Ann JARANILLA-SANCHEZ Asif Mumtaz BHATTI Cho Thanda NYUNT Katsunori TAMAGAWA Department of Civil Engineering River and Environmental Engineering Laboratorythe University of Tokyo Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hydraulic Engineering LaboratoryHiroshima University

This paper introduces the process of development and practical use implementation of an advanced river management system for supporting integrated water resources management practices in Asian river basins under the framework of GEOSS Asia water cycle initiative （AWCI）. The system is based on integration of data from earth observation satellites and in-situ networks with other types of data, including numerical weather prediction model outputs, climate model outputs, geographical infor- mation, and socio-economic data. The system builds on the water and energy budget distributed hydrological model （WEB-DHM） that was adapted for specific conditions of studied basins, in particular snow and glacier phenomena and equipped with other functions such as dam operation optimization scheme and a set of tools for climate change impact assess- ment to be able to generate relevant information for policy and decision makers. In situ data were archived for 18 selected ba- sins at the Data Integration and Analysis System （DIAS） of Japan and demonstration projects were carded out showing poten- tial of the new system. It included climate change impact assessment on hydrological regimes, which is presently a critical step for sound management decisions. Results of such three case studies in Pakistan, Philippines, and Vietnam are provided here.

关键词： integrated water resources management tools climate change impact assessment Asian river basins Asian Water Cycle Initiative

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Effects of Organic Matter-Rich Amendments on Selenium Mobility in Soils

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 740-751页

作者： petra SMAZíKOVá Luká? PRAUS Jirina SZáKOVá Jana TREMLOVá Ale? HANC Pavel TLUSTOS Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the Se dynamics in soil. The potential effects of vermicompost and digestate as important sources of SOM on selenium (Se) mobility were assessed in this study. Three soils differing in their physicochemical parameters, fluvisol, chernozem, and luvisol, were chosen, and three types of vermicomposts based on various bio-waste materials as digestate (vermicompost 1), kitchen waste with woodchips (vermicompost 2), and garden bio-waste (vermicompost 3) were used due to their high organic matter content. Additionally, digestate samples alone were applied. To evaluate the potential effect of vermicompost application on sorption characteristics of soils, batch sorption experiments were performed. The results showed a predominant effect on Se species in the soils, where selenite sorbed more intensively compared to selenate, regardless of the soil and ameliorative material applied. In the control, the soil sorption ability of selenite tended to decrease in the order: fluvisol > luvisol > chernozem. However, these differences were not significant. Moreover, the effects of the ameliorative materials depended on both soil and amendment used. In fluvisol, all the amendment applications resulted in a decrease in distribution coefficient ( K d values) of Se, whereas in chernozem, this effect was observed only for the digestate-based vermicompost 1. Increasing K d levels were reported in luvisol treated with digestate;the application of garden bio-waste-based vermicompost 3 tended to decrease the K d values. Further studies are required on long-term effects of these amendments on Se mobility in soils and the role of individual organic matter fractions in this context.

关键词： Batch sorption experiments Bio-waste material Selenite Selenate Sorption isotherms Vermicompost

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Importance of genetic polymorphisms in liver transplantation outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第12期26卷 1273-1285页

作者： Tomislav Kelava petra Turcic Antonio Markotic Ana Ostojic Dino Sisl Anna Mrzljak Laboratory for Molecular Immunology Croatian Institute for Brain ResearchUniversity of ZagrebSchool of MedicineZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Center for Clinical Pharmacology University Clinical Hospital MostarMostar 88000Bosnia and Herzegovina Department of Medicine Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Medicine Merkur University HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Although,liver transplantation serves as the only curative treatment for patients with end-stage liver diseases,it is burdened with complications,which affect survival *** addition to clinical risk factors,contribution of recipient and donor genetic prognostic markers has been extensively studied in order to reduce the burden and improve the *** of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)is one of the most important tools in development of personalized transplant *** provide a better insight in recent developments,we review the studies published in the last three years that investigated an association of recipient or donor SNPs with most common issues in liver transplantation:Acute cellular rejection,development of new-onset diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence,and tacrolimus concentration *** studies confirmed previously established SNP prognostic factors,such as PNPLA3 rs738409 for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development,or the role of CYP3A5 rs776746 in tacrolimus concentration *** also identified several novel SNPs,with a reasonably strong association,which have the potential to become useful predictors of post-transplant ***,as the studies were typically conducted in one center on relatively low-to-moderate number of patients,verification of the results in other centers is warranted to resolve these ***,of 29 reviewed studies,28 used gene candidate approach and only one implemented a genome wide association *** wide association multicentric studies are needed to facilitate the development of personalized transplant medicine.

关键词： Single nucleotide polymorphisms Liver transplantation Acute rejection Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease New-onset diabetes mellitus Hepatocellular carcinoma Tacrolimus

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Geographic variation in larval cold tolerance and exposure across the invasion front of a widely established forest insect

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INSECT SCIENCE 2024年第6期31卷 1930-1942页

作者： Hafker, petra Thompson, Lily M. Walter, Jonathan A. Parry, Dylan Grayson, Kristine L. Univ Richmond Dept Biol Richmond VA USA Cornell Univ Dept Entomol Ithaca NY USA Clemson Univ Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat Clemson SC USA Univ Virginia Dept Environm Sci Charlottesville VA USA State Univ New York Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Dept Environm Biol Syracuse NY USA Univ Richmond Dept Biol 138 UR Dr Richmond VA 23173 USA

Under global climate change, high and low temperature extremes can drive shifts in species distributions. Across the range of a species, thermal tolerance is based on acclimatization, plasticity, and may undergo selection, shaping resilience to temperature stress. In this study, we measured variation in cold temperature tolerance of early instar larvae of an invasive forest insect, Lymantria dispar dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), using populations sourced from a range of climates within the current introduced range in the Eastern United States. We tested for population differences in chill coma recovery (CCR) by measuring recovery time following a period of exposure to a nonlethal cold temperature in 2 cold exposure experiments. A 3rd experiment quantified growth responses after CCR to evaluate sublethal effects. Our results indicate that cold tolerance is linked to regional climate, with individuals from populations sourced from colder climates recovering faster from chill coma. While this geographic gradient is seen in many species, detecting this pattern is notable for an introduced species founded from a single point-source introduction. We demonstrate that the cold temperatures used in our experiments occur in nature during cold spells after spring egg hatch, but impacts to growth and survival appear low. We expect that population differences in cold temperature performance manifest more from differences in temperature-dependent growth than acute exposure. Evaluating intraspecific variation in cold tolerance increases our understanding of the role of climatic gradients on the physiology of an invasive species, and contributes to tools for predicting further expansion. The invasion of the spongy moth in North America has resulted in the establishment of this species across a wide range of climates. We conducted a series of experiments to measure larval recovery time following a brief non-lethal chill coma in populations from the invaded range. The results sho

关键词： chill coma recovery forest insect geographic gradient Lymantria dispar spring cold spell thermal performance

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All Roads Lead to Susceptibility: The Many Modes of Action of Fungal and Oomycete Intracellular Effectors

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Plant Communications 2020年第4期1卷 1-12页

作者： Qin He Hazel McLellan petra C.Boevink Paul R.J.Birch Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology(HZAU) Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology(HZAU)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Division of Plant Sciences School of Life SciencesUniversity of Dundee(at JHI)InvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK Cell and Molecular Sciences James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK These authors contributed equally to this article.

The ability to secrete effector proteins that can enter plant cells and manipulate host processes is a key determinant of what makes a successful plant ***,we review intracellular effectors from filamentous(fungal and oomycete)phytopathogens and the host proteins and processes that are targeted to promote *** cover contrasting virulence strategies and effector modes of *** pathogen effectors alter the fates of host proteins that they target,changing their stability,their activity,their location,and the protein partners with which they *** effectors inhibit target activity,whereas others enhance or utilize it,and some target multiple host *** discuss the emerging topic of effectors that target negative regulators of immunity or other plant proteins with activities that support *** also highlight the commonly targeted host proteins that are manipulated by effectors from multiple pathogens,including those representing different kingdoms of life.

关键词： effectors fungi oomycete immunity defense susceptibility factor

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Therapeutic drug monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease:The dawn of reactive monitoring

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第37期27卷 6231-6247页

作者： Farah Albader petra Anna Golovics Lorant Gonczi Talat Bessissow Waqqas Afif Peter Laszlo Lakatos Department of Internal Medicine McGill UniversityMontreal H3G1A4QuebecCanada Division of Gastroenterology Hungarian Defence ForcesMedical CentreBudapest H-1062Hungar Division of Gastroenterology McGill UniversityMontreal H3G 1A4QuebecCanada First Department of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityBudapest H-1083Hungary Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health CentreMontreal H3G 1A4QuebecCanada

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic condition that significantly affects the quality of life of its *** drugs have been the mainstay treatment in the management of IBD patients but despite their significant contribution,there remains a proportion of patients that do not respond or lose response to *** drug monitoring(TDM)involves measuring levels of serum drug concentrations and anti-drug *** of biologic drugs initially emerged to understand treatment failure in other immune mediated inflammatory *** was then introduced in IBD to rationalize primary non-response or secondary loss of response,given that low serum drug concentrations or the formation of anti-drug antibodies are variably associated with treatment *** aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview regarding the current use of TDM in clinical practice and to present the evidence available regarding its use in both proactive and reactive clinical settings in preventing and managing treatment *** review also presents the existing evidence regarding the association of various clinical outcomes with specific thresholds of drug concentrations,in everyday practice.A narrative review of published articles and conference abstracts regarding the use of TDM in IBD management,through an electronic search using PubMed and *** has proven to be superior and more cost effective in guiding management of patients with treatment failure compared to empiric dose escalation or change in *** a trend towards an association between clinical outcomes and drug concentrations,proactive TDM based strategies have not been shown to achieve clear benefit in long-term *** the clinical setting,TDM has proven to be useful in managing IBD patients,and its use in the reactive setting,as an additional tool to help manage patients with treatment failure,is being promoted as newer guidelines and consensus groups implement

关键词： Therapeutic drug monitoring Inflammatory bowel disease Biologic therapies Loss of response Reactive Proactive

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Agriculture and Water Sources Protection Zones in the Czech Republic

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第10期2卷 1155-1161页

作者： petra Oppeltova Mendel University in Brno Zemedelska 1 Brno 61300 Czech Republic

The area of interest is located in the South Moravia Region at the confluence of the Jihlava, Oslava and Rokytn^i rivers. Ivan^ice spring area comprises a series of hydrologic boreholes, it is the main water source for water supply of Ivan^ice and Rosice towns and provides water for 30,000 inhabitants. The risk analysis was created on the basis of water quality monitoring, hydrogeological assessment and terrain exploration and a revision of protection zones was proposed. The spring area is situated in nitrate vulnerable zones and recently nitrate concentrations have been decreasing. Water quality evaluation results： high concentration of manganese and iron, sometimes higher concentration of ammonium and COD. This area is intensively used for agriculture and it is necessary to make a compromise solution during protection zones proposal, The regime in protection zones can not affect manganese and iron concentration （their origin is in the natural geological environment）. Therefore, water treatment plant is in operation and its modernization is proposed. Furthermore, the paper deals with spring area intensification construction of a new hydrologic borehole, and managed and unmanaged infiltration of surface water. The proposal of protection zones revision consists of reduction to a 2nd level protection zone.

关键词： Water quality ground water source of drinking water good agricultural practice nitrate vulnerable zones CzechRepublic.

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Non-invasive prediction of persistent villous atrophy in celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第26期26卷 3780-3791页

作者： Barbora Packova petra Kovalcikova Zdenek Pavlovsky Daniel Bartusek Jitka Prokesova Jiri Dolina Radek Kroupa Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine University Hospital BrnoFaculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrno 62500Czech Republic Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrno 62500Czech Republic Department of Pathology University Hospital BrnoFaculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrno 62500Czech Republic Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University Hospital BrnoFaculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrno 62500Czech Republic

BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CD)is an immune-mediated enteropathy that is primarily treated with a gluten-free diet(GFD).Mucosal healing is the main target of the ***,duodenal biopsy is the only way to evaluate mucosal healing,and noninvasive markers are *** elevation of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies(aTTG)is not an ideal predictor of persistent villous atrophy(VA).Data regarding prediction of atrophy using anti-deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies(aDGP)and abdominal ultrasonography are *** To evaluate the ability of aTTG,aDGP,small bowel ultrasonography,and clinical and laboratory parameters in predicting persistent VA determined using *** Patients with CD at least 1 year on a GFD and available follow-up duodenal biopsy,levels of aTTG and aDGP,and underwent small bowel ultrasonography were included in this retrospective cohort *** evaluated the sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values of aTTG,aDGP,small bowel ultrasonography,laboratory and clinical parameters to predict persistent VA.A receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis of antibody levels was used to calculate cut off values with the highest accuracy for atrophy *** Complete data were available for 82 patients who were followed up over a period of four years(2014-2018).Among patients included in the analysis,women(67,81.7%)were predominant and the mean age at diagnosis was 33.8 *** biopsy revealed persistent VA in 19 patients(23.2%).The sensitivity and specificity of aTTG using the manufacturer’s diagnostic cutoff value to predict atrophy was 50%and 85.7%,respectively,while the sensitivity and specificity of aDGP(using the diagnostic cutoff value)was 77.8%and 75%,*** of an optimal cutoff value using ROC analysis(13.4 U/mL for aTTG IgA and 22.6 U/mL for aDGP IgA)increased the accuracy and reached 72.2%[95%confidence interval(CI):46.5-90.3]sensitivity and 90%(9

关键词： Celiac disease Villous atrophy Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies Antideamidated gliadin peptide antibodies Abdominal ultrasound Gluten-free diet

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