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Effect of Soil Water Repellency on Energy Partitioning Between Soil and Atmosphere:A Conceptual Approach

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Pedosphere 2014年第4期24卷 498-507页

作者： H.SCHONSKY A.peters G.WESSOLEK Department of Soil Conservation Institute of EcologyTechnical University of BerlinD-10587 Berlin(Germany)

Water repellency(WR) is a phenomenon known from many soils around the world and can occur in arid as well as in humid climates;few studies,however,have examined the effect of soil WR on the soil-plant-atmosphere energy *** aim of our study was to estimate the effects of soil WR on the calculated soil-atmosphere energy balance,using a solely model-based *** made out evapotranspiration to have the largest influence on the energy balance;therefore the effect of WR on actual evapotranspiration was *** achieve this we used climate data and measured soil hydraulic properties of a potentially water-repellent sandy soil from a site near Berlin,Germany.A numerical 1D soil water balance model in which WR was incorporated in a straightforward way was applied,using the effective cross section *** were carried out with vegetated soil and bare *** simulation results showed a reduction in evapotranspiration of 30-300 mm year^(-1)(9%-76%) at different degrees of WR compared to completely wettable soil,depending on the severity degree of soil *** energy that is not being transported away by water vapor(i.e.,due to reduced evapotranspiration) had to be transformed into other parts of the energy balance and thus would influence the local climate.

关键词： climate effective cross section evapotranspiration soil-atmosphere energy balance soil hydraulic property water balance

Dynamic evolution of terpenoid biosynthesis in the Lamiaceae

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Molecular Plant 2023年第6期16卷 963-965页

作者： Zhibiao Wang Reuben J.peters School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Roy J.Carver Department of Biochemistry Biophysics&Molecular Biologylowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

With the increasing accessibility of whole-genome sequencing it has become standard practice to apply such an approach to investigation of plants with important and/or interesting natural *** part,this reflects recognition that plants have occasionally rearranged or shuffled their genes to generate biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)for certain natural products(Smit and Lichman,2022;Zhan et al.,2022).

关键词： products evolution

Biologging is suspect to cause corneal opacity in two populations of wild living Northern Bald Ibises (Geronticus eremita)

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 412-420页

作者： Johannes Fritz Barbara Eberhard Corinna Esterer bernhard Goenner Daniela Trobe Markus Unsoeld bernhard Voelkl Helena Wehner Alexandra Scope Waldrappteam LIFE Northern Bald Ibis6162 MuttersAustria Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaViennaAustria Veterinary University Vienna ViennaAustria University of Bern Vetsuisse FacultyBernSwitzerland Bavarian State Collection of Zoology MunichGermany

Background:In this paper,we present evidence that biologging is strongly correlated with eye irritation,with sometimes severely impairing effects.A migratory population of the Northern Bald Ibis(Geronticus eremita,NBI)is reintroduced in Europe,in course of a LIFE+*** 2014,all individuals have been equipped with *** monitoring allows the implementation of focussed measures against major mortality ***:Initially all birds carried battery-powered devices,fixed on the lower back of the *** 2016 an increasing amount of birds has been equipped with solar-powered devices,fixed on the upper back,the more sunexposed *** 2016,we observed opacity in the cornea of one eye(unilateral corneal opacity;UCO)during a regular health monitoring for the first ***:By 2018,a total of 25 birds were affected by UCO,with varying intensity up to *** examination of the birds revealed no clear cause for the ***,only birds carrying a device on the upper back were affected(2017 up to 70%of this group).In contrast,none of the birds carrying devices on the lower back ever showed UCO *** unexpected relationship between tagging and UCO was discovered in *** we took countermeasures by removing the device or repositioning it on the lower back,we observed an immediate reduction of the incidence rate without any new cases reported since January *** roost with their head on the back,one eye closely placed to the device if it was positioned on the upper ***,we conclude that the most parsimonious explanation for the symptomatology is either a repetitive slight temperature rise in the corneal tissue due to electromagnetic radiation by the GSM module of the device or a repetitive slight mechanical irritation of the corneal *** evidence is missing so ***,cases of UCO were found in another NBI ***:Our observations indicate that further research in the fast-

关键词： Blindness Electromagnetic radiation Endangered bird species Eye opacity GPS-devices Mechanical irritation Reintroduction Solar-powered

Effect of excitation wavelength(blue vs near UV)and dopant concentrations on afterglow and fast decay of persistent phosphor SrAl_(2)O_(4):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第7期40卷 1022-1028页

作者： bernhard Walfort Nando Gartmann Jafar Afshani Arnulf Rosspeintner Hans Hagemann LumiNova AG SwitzerlandSpeicherstrasse 60aCH-9053TeufenSwitzerland Dépt.de Chimie Physique Universitéde Genève30Quai E.AnsermetCH 1211Geneva 4Switzerland

The persistent phosphor SrAl_(2)O_(4):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)is the subject of numerous *** often neglected aspect is that in this phosphor,as well as in Sr_(4)Al_(14)O_(25):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+),there are two different Sr^(2)+sites which can be occupied by the dopant Eu^(2+)ions,We first introduce a general scheme of possible energy transfers in these persistent phosphor materials including explicitly both europium ions,This scheme is used as a generic starting point to study experimentally specific *** illustrate this application with the study of the effect of excitation wavelength(444 and 382 nm)on the afterglow of differently doped SrAl_(2)O_(4):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)samples,as well as on the emission decay *** the same excitation intensity under 444 nm excitation,the resulting afterglow intensity is stronger than under near UV *** 382 nm,Eu^(2+)ions on both Sr^(2)+s ites in SrAl_(2)O_(4)are excited,but at room temperature the blue emission is quenched,leading to a loss of *** observed effects can further be associated with the ratio of Eu^(2+)ions and trap states which are modulated by the concentrations of Eu^(2+)and Dy^(3+)in SrAl_(2)O_(4),as well as by temperature,Increasing the nominal Dy^(3+)content from 0.1 mol%to 0.5 mol%with respect to Sr results in the doubling of the integrated afterglow intensity and confirms thus that Dy^(3+)ions are indeed involved in the trapping process,The concentration of trap states is much lower than the concentration of Eu^(2+)ions,as even with low excitation densities,a plateau of integrated afterglow intensity(corresponding to the total number of accessible traps)is *** postulate that an important fraction of excited Eu^(2+)ions can potentially transfer their energy to trap *** that all traps are filled or in a dynamical filling-depletion process under illumination(with thermal and/or optical depletion processes),for the remaining Eu^(2+)a"normal"steady-state emission is observed

关键词： Persistent phosphor Strontium aluminate Europium Forster energy transfer Rare earths

On the calibration of rotational augmentation models for wind turbine load estimation by means of CFD simulations

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第2期36卷 306-319页

作者： Belen Soledad Burgos Tafur Elia Daniele bernhard Stoevesandt Philipp Thomas Fraunhofer IWES Am Seedeich 4527572 BremerhavenGermany Flensburg University of Applied Sciences Wind Energy Technology InstituteNordstraße224943 FlensburgGermany

In this work the improved version of an engineering model which accounts for rotational augmentation effects by means of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calibration is explored and *** on an analysis of the NREL Phase VI wind turbine,the novel modeling is presented,which uses as base line the formulation proposed by Chaviaropoulos and *** model is calibrated based on CFD simulations using *** corresponding correction of the two dimensional polars is straightforward implemented within MoWiT,an in-house software for load *** novel formulation results in improved lift and drag coefficients prediction in all considered cases,reducing the deviation with respect to the rotating CFD cases down to few *** optimal configuration including the correction for tip effects of Shen shows better agreements at the very tip of the *** the range of applicability for large wind turbine rotor blades based on a virtual 10MW rotor model is discussed.

关键词： calculation. rotational correction

Size-dependent locomotory performance creates a behaviorally mediated prey size refuge in the marine snail Olivella sem istriata:a study in the natural habitat

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 57-62页

作者： Callie A.VEELENTURF Winfried S.peters Biology Department Purdue University Fort WayneFort WayneIN 46805USA Goldring-Gund Marine Biology Station Playa GrandeSanta CruzGuanacasteCosta Rica School of Biological Sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

The effects of the variability of individual prey locomotory performance on the vulnerability to predation are poorly understood,partly because individual performance is difficult to determine in natural *** gain insights into the role(s)of individual variation in predatory relationships,we study a convenient model system,the neotropical sandy beach gastropod Olivella semistriata and its main predator,the carnivorous snail Agaronia *** largest size class of *** is known to be missing from ***'s spectrum of subdued prey,although the predator regularly captures much larger individuals of other *** resolve this conundrum,we analyzed predation attempts in the *** *** attacked *** of all sizes,large prey specimens usually escaped by'sculling',an accelerated,stepping mode of *** semistriata performed sculling locomotion regardless of size,but sculling velocities determined in the natural environment increased strongly with ***,growth in size as such does not establish a prey size refuge in which *** is safe from ***,a behaviorally mediated size refuge is created through the size-dependence of sculling *** together,this work presents a rare quantitative characterization in the natural habitat of the causal sequence from the size-dependence of individual performance,to the prey size-dependent outcome of predation attempts,to the size bias in the predator's prey spectrum.

关键词： Escape response Prey size refuge Locomotory performance Predator-prey size ratio Olivella semistriata Agaronia propatula

Optimal measurement locations for diagnosis of aortic abnormalities in a lumped-parameter model of the systemic circulation using sensitivity analysis

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第8期10卷 217-240页

作者： R. Gul S. bernhard Department of MathematicsCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Pforzheim University of Applied Sciences Germany

The basic theme of this work is to identify the optimal measurement locations for pres- sure and flow in the systemic circulation to detect aortic stenoses and aneurysms in early stages of a disease. For this purpose, a linear elastic lumped parameter model of the fluid dynamical simulator, major arterial cardiovascular simulator （MACSim）, is considered and global sensitivity analysis is applied to identify the better measurement locations for pressure and flow in the systemic circulation. The obtained results of sensitivity analysis provide insight that enable the experimentalists to optimize their experimental setups for detecting aortic stenoses and aneurysms using parameter estimation process. From the results, it is observed that the stenosis in the thoracic aorta can be identified from both pressure and flow at the location itself, nearby nodes, aorta ascendens, arcus aorta, arteria subclavia and arteria axillaris. On the other hand, the preferable measurement locations for abdominal aneurysms are locations themselves, nearby nodes and left/right leg of the body.

关键词： Lumped parameter model systemic circulation stenoses aneurysms globalsensitivity analysis.

Nociceptors are needed to guide tooth development,function,repair,and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1503-1504页

作者： Sarah B.peters Joshua J.Emrick Division of Biosciences College of DentistryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences&Prosthodontics School of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Toothaches have received widespread attention and commentary dating back to ancient times,appearing in Egyptian texts from over 3000 years ago and the writings of Hippocrates,Aristotle,and *** studies of the innervation of dental pulp and dentin date back to at least the 1800’s,yet our understanding of the basis for tooth pain is still *** treatments for toothache continue to be drastic and irreversible,including removal of the dental pulp or extraction of the *** the trigeminal sensory innervation of the tooth pulp is commonly the origin of toothache pain,it is also indispensable for normal function and physiology,and should be retained as an integral part of the repaired *** or regeneration of the dental pulp and its innervation could represent the next step in restorative dentistry,but a better understanding of the roles of the tooth’s sensory nerve supply and the mechanisms underlying its development and repair is needed.

关键词： function irreversible repair

Towards SDN Based Queuing Delay Estimation

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China Communications 2016年第3期13卷 27-36页

作者： MA Haiyan YAN Jinyao Panagiotis Georgopoulos bernhard Plattner Faculty of Science and Technology Communication University of China Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich)

As one of Qo S(Quality of Service) metrics, delay is critical important to delay sensitive applications, such as interactive video, network game and online surgery. In this paper, we exploit SDN(Software Defined Networking) advantages to solve delay Qo S problem. Our work mainly focuses on SDN based queuing delay estimation with real traffic and end-to-end delay control. First, we propose a queuing estimation model and extended it for end-to-end delay of the whole path. It is proved to be feasible and accurate with experimental results in SDN environment. Second, in order to demonstrate the use of our proposed model, we also implement an end-to-end delay control application in SDN. It fulfills specific delay Qo S requirements by dynamically switching flows to a suitable queue based on estimation results and delay requirements.

关键词： autonomic Qo S dynamic model delay performance SDN