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Simulated patient methodology as a“gold standard”in community pharmacy practice:Response to criticism

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 172-174页

作者： Christian Kunow bernhard Langer Department of Health NursingManagementNeubrandenburg University of Applied SciencesNeubrandenburg 17033Germany

The simulated patient methodology(SPM)is considered the“gold standard”as covert participatory *** is attracting increasing interest for the investigation of community pharmacy practice;however,there is criticism that SPM can only show a small picture of everyday pharmacy practice and therefore has limited external *** the one hand,a certain design and application of the SPM goes hand in hand with an increase in external *** if,on the other hand,this occurs at the expense of internal validity due to the trade-off situation,the justified criticism of the SPM for investigating community pharmacy practice can be countered.

关键词： Simulated patient methodology Community pharmacy Gold standard Covert participatory observation Internal validity External validity

Assessment of groundwater quantity, quality, and associated health risk of the Tano river basin, Ghana

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 325-353页

作者： Adwoba Kua-Manza Edjah Bruce Banoeng-Yakubo Anthony Ewusi Enoch Sakyi-Yeboah David Saka Clara Turetta Giulio Cozzi David Atta-peters Larry Pax Chegbeleh Water Resources Research Centre Ghana Atomic Energy CommissionAccraGhana Earth Science Department University of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Geological Engineering Department University of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaGhana Department of Statistics University of GhanaAccraLegonGhana Institute of Polar Sciences National Research Council of ItalyVeniceItaly

In the Tano River Basin,groundwater serves as a crucial resource;however,its quantity and quality with regard to trace elements and microbiological loadings remain poorly understood due to the lack of groundwater logs and limited water *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of the Tano River Basin,focusing on three key ***,it investigated the aquifer hydraulic parameters and the results showed signiﬁcant spatial variations in borehole depths,yields,transmissivity,hydraulic conductivity,and speciﬁc *** boreholes were concentrated in the northeastern and southeastern zones,while geological formations,particu-larly the Apollonian Formation,exhibit a strong inﬂuence on borehole *** study identiﬁed areas with high transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity in the southern and eastern regions,suggesting good groundwater avail-ability and suitability for sustainable water ***-ondly,the research investigated the groundwater quality and observed that the majority of borehole samples fall within WHO(Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality,Environmental Health Criteria,Geneva,2011,***://***)***,some samples have pH levels below the standards,although the groundwater generally qualiﬁes as *** study further explores hydrochemical facies and health risk assessment,highlighting the dominance of Ca–HCO3 water *** element analysis reveals minimal health risks from most elements,with chromium(Cr)as the primary contributor to chronic health ***,this study has provided a key insights into the Tano River Basin’s hydrogeology and associated health *** outcome of this research has contributed to the broader understanding of hydrogeologi-cal dynamics and the importance of managing groundwater resources sustainably in complex geological environments.

关键词： Groundwater Unsupervised machine learning technique Hydrochemistry Aquifer hydraulic parameter Health risk

Reply to “Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency”

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 35-37页

作者： Feng Tao Johannes Lehmann Ying-Ping Wang Lifen Jiang bernhard Ahrens Kostiantyn Viatkin Stefano Manzoni Benjamin Z.Houlton Yuanyuan Huang Xiaomeng Huang Yiqi Luo Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell University CSIRO Environment Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Global Development Cornell University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University

In their commentary, Xiao et al.[1]cautioned that the conclusions on the critical role of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in the paper by Tao et al.[2] might be too *** claimed that Tao et al.’s study lacked mechanistic consideration of SOC formation and excluded important data *** et al. brought up important points,which can be largely reconciled with our findings by understanding the differences in expressing processes in empirical studies and in models.

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Demonstrating grating-based phase-contrast imaging of laser-driven shock waves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 90-97页

作者： Leonard Wegert Stephan Schreiner Constantin Rauch Bruno Albertazzi Paulina Bleuel Eric Frojdh Michel Koenig Veronika Ludwig Artem SMartynenko Pascal Meyer Aldo Mozzanica Michael Müller Paul Neumayer Markus Schneider Angelos Triantafyllidis bernhard Zielbauer Gisela Anton Thilo Michel Stefan Funk Plasma Physics Department GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungPlanckstraBe 164291 DarmstadtGermany Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NurnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-StraBe 291058 ErlangenGermany LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitésEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91120 Palaiseau CedexFrance Paul Scherrer Institut(Psi) Forschungsstrasse 1115232VilligenSwitzerland Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Microstructure TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Single-shot X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to take high-resolution images of laser-driven strong shock *** a two-grating Talbot interferometer,we successfully acquire standard absorption,differential phase-contrast,and dark-field images of the shocked *** agreement is demonstrated between experimental data and the results of two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the laser-plasma *** main sources of image noise are identified through a thorough assessment of the interferometer’s *** acquired images demonstrate that grating-based phase-contrast imaging is a powerful diagnostic tool for high-energy-density *** addition,we make a novel attempt at using the dark-field image as a signal modality of Talbot interferometry to identify the microstructure of a foam target.

关键词： interaction shock phase

Long-term effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on the pancreas of female mouse offspring

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 758-768页

作者： Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas Edgar David Santiago-SanMartin Eduardo Mendoza-Sánchez Héctor Fabián Torres-Rodríguez Laura Yanneth Ramírez-Quintanilla Christopher Michael peters Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de TamaulipasReynosa 88740TamaulipasMexico Department of Anesthesiology Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27101United States

BACKGROUND Prolonged fetal exposure to hyperglycemia may increase the risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism and type-2 diabetes during childhood,adolescence,and adulthood;however,the mechanisms by which gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)predisposes offspring to metabolic disorders remain *** To quantify the nerve axons,macrophages,and vasculature in the pancreas from adult offspring born from mouse dams with *** GDM was induced by *** of streptozotocin(STZ)in ICR mouse *** 12 wk old,fasting blood glucose levels were determined in *** 15 wk old,female offspring born from dams with and without GDM were sacrificed and pancreata were processed for *** quantified the density of sensory[calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)]and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)axons,blood vessels(endomucin),and macro-phages(CD68)in the splenic pancreas using confocal *** Offspring mice born from STZ-treated dams had similar body weight and blood glucose values compared to offspring born from vehicle-treated ***,the density of CGRP+and TH+axons,endomucin+blood vessels,and CD68+macrophages in the exocrine pancreas was significantly greater in offspring from mothers with GDM vs control ***,the microvasculature in the islets was significantly greater,but not the number of macrophages within the islets of offspring born from dams with GDM compared to control *** GDM induces neuronal,vascular,and inflammatory changes in the pancreas of adult progeny,which may partially explain the higher propensity for offspring of mothers with GDM to develop metabolic diseases.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Immunohistochemistry Confocal microscopy Pancreas Offspring

Isolated Lumbar Extension Resistance Training Is Effective at Improving Extension Power and Disability in Subjects with Diagnosed Lumbar Multifidus Dysfunction

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第3期12卷 245-255页

作者： William Roger peters James Thomas Ernest Smith Mario Guiseppe Zotti Adam Leslie Lincoln Benjamin James Enser Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences Bond University Queensland Australia Back Neck Clinic Bundall Queensland Australia Kieser Australia Bundall Queensland Australia

Background: Lumbar multifidus dysfunction is a prevalent cause of disability in individuals with lower back pain. Previous research highlights the benefits of isolated lumbar extension training for non-specific lower back pain, however, studies examining its efficacy in lumbar multifidus dysfunction are lacking. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of isolated lumbar extension resistance training on disability and strength in individuals with lumbar multifidus dysfunction. Methods: Subjects underwent a physiotherapy led structured rehabilitation program incorporating isolated lumbar extension. Sessions were conducted twice weekly targeting momentary muscular failure with time under load 90 - 120 seconds and progressions aimed at 5 - 10 lbs increments. Outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index and lumbar extension strength testing at baseline and after 12 weeks, with statistical analysis using t-test and chi-squared 2 × 2. Results: Forty-five subjects (24 male, 21 female) with a median age of 48 completed the intervention. Improvements were noted in Oswestry Disability Index scores (median pre: 24, post: 15) and maximal lumbar extension strength (median pre: 122 lb, post: 186 lb), with p ≤ 0.05. Overall, 89% showed improvement in disability scores, 67% moved to a better disability category, and 51% saw at least a 50% increase in strength. No significant gender differences were observed. Conclusions: Isolated lumbar extension resistance training is effective at improving extension power and disability in subjects with lumbar multifidus dysfunction.

关键词： Low Back Pain Multifidus Muscle Strength Rehabilitation Resistance Training

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第8期 16-18,42,43页

作者： Lebawit Lily Girma Adele peters 不详

酒店房价上涨最快的城市根据一份最新报告指出,从波士顿到孟买,全球各大城市的酒店房价预计将以两位数的百分比升,即使曾经预测酒店房价已经涨到最高点美国运通全球商务旅行集团发布的《2024年酒店监测报告》显示,布宜诺斯艾利斯摘得今... 详细信息

酒店房价上涨最快的城市根据一份最新报告指出,从波士顿到孟买,全球各大城市的酒店房价预计将以两位数的百分比升,即使曾经预测酒店房价已经涨到最高点美国运通全球商务旅行集团发布的《2024年酒店监测报告》显示,布宜诺斯艾利斯摘得今年桂冠,年涨幅达17%。这份报告研究了全球80多个城市的酒店价格波动情况,预测标准包括当前的挂牌价格、更广泛的宏观经济趋势、酒店开发渠道和历史数据。

关键词：商务旅行房价上涨美国运通监测报告大城市新闻集锦宏观经济历史数据

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第1期 24-26,45,46页

作者： Adele peters Heather Carlson Kehren 不详

18钢拱桥:专门供熊、驼鹿及其他野生动物使用的桥如果你在加拿大卡尔加里市以西的加拿大横贯公路上开车——这条公路穿越落基山脉、两侧林立着望不尽的森林——你会看到一座建设中的巨大钢拱桥。它即将是该地区最新的野生动物通道,帮助... 详细信息

18钢拱桥:专门供熊、驼鹿及其他野生动物使用的桥如果你在加拿大卡尔加里市以西的加拿大横贯公路上开车——这条公路穿越落基山脉、两侧林立着望不尽的森林——你会看到一座建设中的巨大钢拱桥。它即将是该地区最新的野生动物通道,帮助熊、驼鹿、偶尔出现的大角羚羊和其他动物穿越四排车道的高速车流。

关键词：钢拱桥公路穿越野生动物通道加拿大车流车道

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第5期 20-22,43,44页

作者： Nate Berg Michael Grothaus Adele peters 不详

底特律的未来街道将会为行驶于其上的车辆充电未来的电动车充电。有可能藏在底特律一条街道的沥青之下。这是美国首度将电动车充电技术内嵌于公共道路中。这条电动车充电道路建于底特律市中心外一段四分之一英里(约402.34米)长的街道中... 详细信息

底特律的未来街道将会为行驶于其上的车辆充电未来的电动车充电。有可能藏在底特律一条街道的沥青之下。这是美国首度将电动车充电技术内嵌于公共道路中。这条电动车充电道路建于底特律市中心外一段四分之一英里(约402.34米)长的街道中,是对一项被称为磁共振感应的新兴技术进行测试。它是利用内嵌于街道里的铜线圈将电力从电网传送给路面上方经过的电动车。车载接收器会吸收那些电力——通常只有少量而为电池持续充电。

关键词：公共道路电动车充电底特律新兴技术磁共振接收器电力