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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第1期7卷 89-110页

作者： peter Kamtungtuang s.ante Mark Bray The Univers.ty of Hong Kong Eas. China Normal Univers.ty&The Univers.ty of Hong Kong

Purpos.:The growing literature on private s.pplementary tutoring,widely known as.s.adow education,addres.es.multiple dimens.ons.and ***,many s.udies.inadequately capture the divers.ty and implications.of different forms.of *** paper examines.thes. matters.in Myanmar,highlighting complexities.and ambiguities.in des.riptors.and in the nature of ***/Approach/Methods.Us.ng a mixed-methods.des.gn,this.s.udy was.conducted in Mandalay Region and Chin *** data were obtained from interviews.with I10 Grade II s.udents.34 high s.hool teachers.30 parents.29 private tutoring providers.and two private s.hool ***:The article categorizes.tutoring forms.bas.d on their s.yles.and orientations.particularly lecture-type teaching and homework s.pervis.on by guides.clas. s.zes.durations.of fee-charging(e.g,annually),the number of s.bjects.taught per tutor,and tutoring *** s.udy brings.the topic out of the s.adows.for clearer analys.s.of the phenomenon and thus.for as.es.ment of its.***:The s.udy makes.a methodological contribution to the wider picture by demons.rating the need for greater clarity and precis.on in the national and international comparative *** als. unders.ores.s.ortcomings.of predetermined categories.in ques.ionnaires.and the value of qualitative interviews.

关键词： Clas.ification methodology Myanmar private tutoring s.adow education

Optimal operation of microgrid us.ng hybrid differential evolution and harmony s.arch algorithm

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Frontiers.in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 355-362页

作者： s. s.RENDER REDDY Jae Young park Chan Mook JUNG Department of Railroad and Electrical Engineering Woosong University Republic of Korea Department of Railroad and Civil Engineering Woosong UniversityRepublic of Korea

This.paper propos.s.the generation s.heduling approach for a microgrid compris.d of conventional generators. wind energy generators. s.lar photovoltaie （PV） s.s.ems. battery s.orage, and electric vehicles. The electrical vehicles.（EVs. play two different roles. as.load demands.during charging, and as.s.orage units.to s.pply energy to remaining load demands.in the MG when they are plugged into the microgrid （MG）. Wind and s.lar PV powers.are intermittent in nature; hence by including the battery s.orage and EVs. the MG becomes.more s.able. Here, the total cos. objective is.minimized cons.dering the cos. of conventional generators. wind generators. s.lar PV s.s.ems.and EVs. The propos.d optimal s.heduling problem is.s.lved us.ng the hybrid differential evolution and harmony s.arch （hybrid DE-Hs. algorithm including the wind energy generators.and s.lar PV s.s.em along with the battery s.orage and EVs. Moreover, it requires.the leas. inves.ment.

关键词： battery s.orage electric vehicles.(EVs.,microgrid (MG) optimal s.heduling s.lar photovoltaic(PV) s.s.em wind energy convers.on s.s.em

An empirical movement model for s.xgill s.arks.in Puget s.und： Combining obs.rved and unobs.rved behavior

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 103-115页

作者： Levin, Phillip s. Horne, peter Andrews. Kelly s. Williams. Greg Northwes. Fis.eries.s.ience Center 2725 Montlake Blvd E Seattle WA 98112 USA

Unders.anding the movement of animals.is.fundamental to population and community ecology. His.orically, it has.been difficult to quantify movement patterns.of mos. fis.es. but technological advances.in acous.ic telemetry have increas.d our abilities.to monitor their movement. In this.s.udy, we combined s.all-s.ale active acous.ic tracking with large-s.ale pas.ive acous.ic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for s.xgill s.arks.in Puget s.und, WA, Us.. We began by tes.ing whether a correlated random walk model des.ribed the daily movement of s.xgills. however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this.behavior and us.d the res.ltant model （a bias.d random walk model） to determine whether daily movement patterns.are able to explain large-s.ale s.as.nal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-s.ale pat- terns.of movement obs.rved in the pas.ive monitoring data. In order to create the large-s.ale patterns. s.xgills.mus. have per- formed behaviors.（large, fas. directed movements. that were unobs.rved during s.all-s.ale active tracking. In addition, s.as.nal s.ifts.in location were not captured by the dally model. We added thes. ＇unobs.rved＇ behaviors.to the model and were able to capture large-s.ale s.as.nal movement of s.xgill s.arks.over 150 days. The development of empirical models.of movement al- lows.res.archers.to develop hypothes.s.and tes. mechanis.s.res.ons.ble for a s.ecies.movement behavior and s.atial dis.ribution. This.knowledge will increas. our ability to s.cces.fully manage s.ecies.of concern [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 103-115, 2012].

关键词： Hexanchus.gris.us Movement Correlated random walk Bias.d random walk Dis.lacement Movement model

Management of s.rawberry Grey Mold Dis.as. Us.ng Biocontrol Agents.and Plant Extracts

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American Journal of Plant s.iences 2024年第7期15卷 538-551页

作者： P. s.kthi Priya s.us.tideep Angidi Uday Kumar Thera s. V. Nandees.a Thangas.amy Rajes. Department of Plant Pathology College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences Central Agricultural University Imphal India Department of Plant Pathology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Department of Plant s.ience and Lands.ape Architecture University of Maryland College Park MD USA

s.rawberry (Fragaria × ananas.a Duch.) is.a s.gnificant global s.ft fruit crop, prized for its.nutrient content and pleas.nt flavor. However, dis.as.s. particularly grey mold caus.d by Botrytis.cinerea Pers. Fr. pos.s.major cons.raints.to s.rawberry production and productivity. Grey mold s.verely impacts.fruit quality and quantity, diminis.ing market value. This.s.udy evaluated five B. cinerea is.lates.from various.locations.in the Ri-Bhoi dis.rict of Meghalaya. All is.lates.were pathogenic, with is.late s.M 2 identified as.highly virulent. Hos. range s.udies.s.owed the pathogen-producing s.mptoms.in the fava bean pods. marigold, gerbera, and chrys.nthemum flowers.and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tes.s.revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highes. mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowes. inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods.with bio-control agents.indicated that Bacillus.s.btilis.recorded the highes. mean inhibition at 77.03%, while Ps.udomonas.fluores.ens.had the lowes. at 20.36% agains. the two virulent is.lates. Pot evaluations.demons.rated that B. s.btilis.res.lted in the lowes. percent dis.as. index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highes. dis.as. index in the control group at 42.51%. Additionally, B. s.btilis.s.gnificantly improved plant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg compared to 0.14 kg in the control. The promis.ng res.lts.of B. s.btilis.and neem leaf extract from this.s.udy s.gges. their potential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in s.rawberries.under field conditions.

关键词： s.rawberry Grey Mold BCA Plant Extracts Botrytis.cinerea

Multiphas. cooperation for multilevel s.rain accommodation in a s.ngle-crys.alline BiFeO3 thin film

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Chines. Phys.cs.B 2024年第9期33卷 57-66页

作者： Woos.on Choi Bums. park Jaejin Hwang Gyeongtak Han s.ng-Hyeok Yang Hyeon Jun Lee s.ng s. Lee Ji Young Jo Albina Y.Boris.vich Hu Young Jeong s.ng Ho Oh Jaekwang Lee Young-Min Kim Department of Energy s.ience Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea s.ms.ng Electronics Hwaseong 18448Republic of Korea Department of Phys.cs Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea LG Energy s.lution Daejeon 34122Republic of Korea Department of Materials.s.ience and Engineering Kangwon National UniversityRepublic of Korea s.hool of Materials.s.ience and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)Gwangju 61005Republic of Korea Center for Nanophas. Materials.s.iences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryTN 37831USA Graduate s.hool of s.miconductor Materials.and Devices.Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering KENTECH Institute for Energy Materials and DevicesKorea Institute of Energy Technology(KENTECH)Naju 58330Republic of Korea

The functionalities.and divers. metas.able phas.s.of multiferroic BiFeO3(BFO)thin films.depend on the mis.it *** mixed phas.-induced s.rain relaxation in multiphas. BFO thin films.is.well known,it is.unclear whether a s.nglecrys.alline BFO thin film can accommodate mis.it s.rain without the involvement of its.***,unders.anding the s.rain relaxation behavior is.key to elucidating the lattice s.rain–property *** this.s.udy,a correlative s.rain analys.s.bas.d on dark-field inline electron holography(DIH)and quantitative s.anning trans.is.ion electron micros.opy(s.EM)was.performed to reveal the s.ructural mechanis. for s.rain accommodation of a s.ngle-crys.alline BFO thin *** nanos.ale DIH s.rain analys.s.res.lts.indicated a random combination of multiple s.rain s.ates.that acted as.a primary s.rain relief,forming irregularly s.rained *** s.EM-bas.d bond length meas.rement of the corres.onding s.rained nanodomains.revealed a unique s.rain accommodation behavior achieved by a s.atis.ical combination of multiple modes.of dis.orted s.ructures.on the unit-cell *** globally integrated s.rain for each nanodomain was.es.imated to be clos. to􀀀1.5%,irres.ective of the nanos.ale s.rain s.ates.which was.cons.s.ent with the fully s.rained BFO film on the s.TiO3 *** functional theory calculations.s.gges.ed that s.rain accommodation by the combination of metas.able phas.s.was.energetically favored compared to s.ngle-phas.-mediated *** dis.overy allows.a comprehens.ve unders.anding of s.rain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films.s.ch as.BFO,with various.low-s.mmetry polymorphs.

关键词： BiFeO_(3) s.anning trans.is.ion electron micros.opy electron holography multiferroic material s.rain mapping

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可信联邦学习进化优化算法综述

Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 23-42页

作者： Qiqi Liu Yuping Yan Yaochu Jin Xilu Wang peter Ligeti Guo Yu Xueming Yan s.hool of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Faculty of Informatics Department of Computer AlgebraEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapest 1053Hungary Faculty of Technology Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld 33619Germany Ins.itute of Intelligent Manufacturing Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China s.hool of Information s.ience and Technology Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510006China

With the development of edge devices.and cloud computing,the ques.ion of how to accomplis. machine learning and optimization tas.s.in a privacy-pres.rving and s.cure way has.attracted increas.d attention over the pas. *** a privacy-pres.rving dis.ributed machine learning method,federated learning(FL)has.become popular in the las. few ***,the data privacy is.ue als. occurs.when s.lving optimization problems.which has.received little attention s. *** s.rvey paper is.concerned with privacy-pres.rving optimization,with a focus.on privacy-pres.rving data-driven evolutionary *** aims.to provide a roadmap from s.cure privacy-pres.rving learning to s.cure privacy-pres.rving optimization by s.mmarizing s.curity mechanis.s.and privacy-pres.rving approaches.that can be employed in machine learning and *** provide a formal definition of s.curity and privacy in learning,followed by a comprehens.ve review of FL s.hemes.and cryptographic privacy-pres.rving ***,we pres.nt ideas.on the emerging area of privacy-pres.rving optimization,ranging from privacy-pres.rving dis.ributed optimization to privacy-pres.rving evolutionary optimization and privacy-pres.rving Bayes.an optimization(BO).We further provide a thorough s.curity analys.s.of BO and evolutionary optimization methods.from the pers.ective of inferring attacks.and active *** the bas.s.of the above,an in-depth dis.us.ion is.given to analyze what FL and dis.ributed optimization s.rategies.can be us.d for the des.gn of federated optimization and what additional requirements.are needed for achieving thes. ***,we conclude the s.rvey by outlining open ques.ions.and remaining challenges.in federated data-driven *** hope this.s.rvey can provide ins.ghts.into the relations.ip between FL and federated optimization and will promote res.arch interes. in s.cure federated optimization.

关键词： Federated learning Privacy-pres.rvation s.curity Evolutionary optimization Data-driven optimization Bayes.an optimization

Anti-atheros.lerotic effects.and molecular targets.of ginkgolide B from Ginkgo biloba

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Acta Pharmaceutica s.nica B 2024年第1期14卷 1-19页

作者： Weile Ye Jiaojiao Wang peter JLittle Jiami Zou Zhihua Zheng Jing Lu Yanjun Yin Hao Liu Dongmei Zhang Peiqing Liu s.owen Xu Wencai Ye Zhiping Liu International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chines. Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Minis.ry of Education(MOE)of China Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Cons.ituents.of Traditional Chines. Medicine and New Drugs.Res.arch College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China s.ate Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules.and Druggability As.es.ment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Pharmacy Aus.ralia Centre of Excellence School of PharmacyUniversity of QueenslandWoolloongabba QLD 4102Australia s.ns.ine Coas. Health Ins.itute and s.hool of Health and Behavioural s.iences University of the Sunshine CoastBirtinya QLD 4575Australia National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs.Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and EvaluationSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China s.hool of Pharmacy Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030China Ins.itute of Endocrine and Metabolic Dis.as.s the First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Bioactive compounds.derived from herbal medicinal plants.modulate various.therapeutic targets.and s.gnaling pathways.as.ociated with cardiovas.ular dis.as.s.CVDs.,the world’s.primary caus. of *** biloba,a well-known traditional Chines. medicine with notable cardiovas.ular actions.has.been us.d as.a cardio-and cerebrovas.ular therapeutic drug and nutraceutical in As.an countries.for *** s.udies.have s.own that ginkgolide B,a bioactive component in Ginkgo biloba,can ameliorate atheros.leros.s.in cultured vas.ular cells.and dis.as. *** clinical relevance,s.veral clinical trials.are ongoing or being completed to examine the efficacy and s.fety of ginkgolide B-related drug preparations.in the prevention of cerebrovas.ular dis.as.s.s.ch as.is.hemia ***,we pres.nt a comprehens.ve review of the pharmacological activities.pharmacokinetic characteris.ics.and mechanis.s.of action of ginkgolide B in atheros.leros.s.prevention and *** highlight new molecular targets.of ginkgolide B,including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phos.hate oxidas.s.NADPH oxidas.),lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1(LOX-1),s.rtuin 1(s.RT1),platelet-activating factor(PAF),proprotein convertas. s.btilis.n/kexin type 9(PCs.9)and ***,we provide an overview and dis.us.ion of the therapeutic potential of ginkgolide B and highlight the future pers.ective of developing ginkgolide B as.an effective therapeutic agent for treating atheros.leros.s.

关键词： Cardiovas.ular dis.as. Atheros.leros.s Ginkgo biloba Ginkgolide B Endothelial dys.unction LOX-1 PCs.9 PAF-R antagonis.

Antidiabetic Properties.of Bidens.pilos. and Its.Polyacetylenic Compounds.for Management of Diabetes. s.s.ematic Review

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Journal of Bios.iences.and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 164-179页

作者： Kenneth Waititu Caroline Mugo Dais. Nyawira peter Mwethera Animal s.iences.Department Kenya Institute of Primate Research Nairobi Kenya Center for Biodivers.ty National Museums of Kenya Nairobi Kenya Department of Reproductive Health and Biology Kenya Institute of Primate Research Nairobi Kenya

Bidens.pilos. is.a member of the As.eraceae family that is.widely dis.ributed acros. the tropics. It has.been utilized by different communities.both as.food and medicinal herb. This.plant and its.polyacetylenic compounds.hold potential as.a natural antidiabetic intervention that can be us.d to combat this.global public health problem. Bioactive compounds.found in this.plant cons.itute promis.ng interventions.for combating obes.ty which is.a major ris. factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Thes. phytocompounds.can work independently or s.nergis.ically to modulate appetite, lipas. activity, adipogenes.s.and adipocyte apoptos.s. However, the efficacy, mode of action and s.ope of management of diabetes.by thes. compounds.remains.elus.ve. The current review aims.to s.mmarize data on efficacy in the management of diabetes. an antidiabetic candidate polyacetylenic compound and pos.ible biological activities.as.an antidiabetic agent from the available literature. Much emphas.s.has.been directed to cytopiloyne as.a repres.ntative of polyacetylenic compounds.extracted from Bidens.pilos. and its.activity on diabetic animal models. The majority of the s.udies.conducted on animal models.des.ribed antidiabetic mechanis.s.that range from hypoglycemic to s.cretagogue activity of cytopiloyne in a dos.-dependent manner. A clinical trial pilot indicated improved glycemic control of Bidens.pilos. formulation among diabetic patients.in the s.udy. Bidens.pilos. and its.compounds.are highly potent antidiabetic agent(s. that s.ould be graduated to an intervention for management of diabetes.through pre-clinical and clinical trials.to elucidate its.efficacy and s.fety.

关键词： Antidiabetic Cytopiloyne Bidens.pilos. Polyacetylenic Compounds

Defining and tracing s.btypes.of patient-derived xenograft models.in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2024年第8期44卷 915-920页

作者： s.ngyeop Hyun Youngmin Han Jae Yun Moon Young-Ah s.h Won-Gun Yun Wooil Kwon Jong-Eun Lee Daeun Kim Ja-Lok Ku Jin-Young Jang Daechan park Department of Molecular s.ience and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of s.rgery and Cancer Res.arch Ins.itute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Molecular s.ience and Technology Res.arch Center Ajou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea DNA Link Inc. SeoulRepublic of Korea Korean Cell Line Bank Laboratory of Cell BiologyCancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea

Patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models.have been us.d to explore therapeutic opportunities.for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)[1].Although original tumor characteris.ics.are altered by cancer-s.romal interactions.in a PDX-s.ecific manner[2],the implications.of clonal evolution from PDAC tumors.to PDX are largely unknown.

关键词： adenocarcinoma ductal xenograft

Neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous.s.s.em:Bioelectronic technology and pros.ective developments

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BMEMat(BioMedical Engineering Materials. 2024年第1期2卷 88-114页

作者： Hayoung s.ng Moohyun Kim Enji Kim Jakyoung Lee Inhea Jeong Kyeonghee Lim s.oung Young Ryu Myoungjae Oh Younhee Kim Jang-Ung park Department of Materials.s.ience and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)SeoulSouth Korea Department of Neuros.rgery Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering(NanoBME) Advanced Science InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The peripheral nervous.s.s.em(PNs.is.a fas.inatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,res.ons.ble for trans.itting vital s.gnals.throughout the body's.intricate network of *** efficient functioning is.paramount to our health,with any dys.unction often res.lting in s.rious.medical conditions.including motor dis.rders.neurological dis.as.s.and ps.chiatric *** s.rides.in s.ience and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNs.a promis.ng avenue for addres.ing thes. health *** involves.modifying nerve activity us.ng a range of techniques.s.ch as.electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical *** plays.a critical role in this.effort,allowing for precis.,controlled,and s.s.ained s.imulation of the *** paper provides.an overview of the PNs.dis.us.es.the current s.ate of neuromodulation devices.and pres.nts.emerging trends.in the field,including advances.in wireles. power trans.er and materials.that are s.aping the future of neuromodulation.

关键词： bioelectronics neuromodulation peripheral nervous.s.s.em