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Glycogenotic hepatocellular carcinoma with glycogen-ground-glass hepatocytes: A heuristically highly relevant phenotype

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6701-6708页

作者： peter Bannasch German Cancer Research Center Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 D-69120 Heidelberg Germany

Glycogenotic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with glycogen-ground-glass hepatocytes has recently been described as an allegedly "novel variant" of HCC, but neither the historical background nor the heuristic relevance of this observation were put in perspective. In the present contribution, the most important findings in animal models and human beings related to the emergence and further evolution of excessively glycogen storing (glycogenotic) hepatocytes with and without ground glass features during neoplastic development have been summarized. Glycogenotic HCCs with glycogen-ground-glass hepatocytes represent highly differentiated neoplasms which contain subpopulations of cells phenotypically resembling those of certain types of preneoplastic hepatic foci and benign hepatocellular neoplasms. It is questionable whether the occurrence of glycogen-ground-glass hepatocytes in a glycogenotic HCC justifies its classification as a specific entity. The typical appearance of ground-glass hepatocytes is due to a hypertrophy of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which is usually associated with an excessive storage of glycogen and frequently also with an expression of the hepatitis B surface antigen. Sequential studies in animal models and observations in humans indicate that glycogen-ground-glass hepatocytes are a facultative, integral part of a characteristic cellular sequence commencing with focal hepatic glycogenosis potentially progressing to benign and malignant neoplasms. during this process highly differentiated glycogenotic cells including ground-glass hepatocytes are gradually transformed via various intermediate stages into poorly differentiated glycogen-poor, basophilic (ribosome-rich) cancer cells. Histochemical, microbiochemical, and molecular biochemical studies on focal hepatic glycogenosis and advanced preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in tissue sections and laser-dissected specimens in rat and mouse models have provided compelling evidence for an early insu

关键词： Acquired focal hepatic glycogenosis Inborn hepatic glycogenosis Hepatic preneoplasia Hepatic neoplasia Early metabolic aberrations Progression-linked metabolic switch

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The bounding-surfaces record of a barrier spit from Huangqihai Lake,North China:implications for coastal barrier boundary hierarchy

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第5期34卷 1097-1105页

作者：单新于兴河 peter d.CLIFT 王天意谭程鹏金丽娜 School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing) department of Geology and Geophysics Louisiana State University School of Geophysics and Geoinformation Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)

Ground-penetrating radar and trenching studies of a barrier spit on the north shore of Huangqihai Lake were made,that reveal important implications for the coastal washover barrier boundary hierarchy and interpretations of this depositional record.A four-fold hierarchy bounding-surface model,representing different levels of impact and genesis,is *** level of the hierarchy is enclosed by a distinct kind of surface characterized by different ground-penetrating radar reflection features,sedimentary characteristics(color,grain size,sorting,rounding and sedimentary structures) and *** suggest that this hierarchical model can be applied to any coastal washover barrier deposits.

关键词： coastal barrier boundary hierarchy washover deposits ground-penetrating radar bounding surface Huangqihai Lake

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Non-Achievability of Metal-Insulator Transition in Two-dimensional Systems

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第4期23卷 946-949页

作者： A. John peter Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027

We present a simple demonstration of the nonfeasibility of metal-insulator transition in an exactly two-dimensional （2d） system. The Hartree-Fock potential in the 3d system is suitably modified and presented for the 2d case. The many body effects are included in the screening function, and binding energies of a donor are obtained as a function of impurity concentration so as to find out the possible way leading metal-insulator transition in the 2d system. While solving for the binding energy for a shallow donor in an isolated well of a GaAs/Ga1-x Als As superlattice system within the effective mass approximation, it leads to unphysical results for higher concentrations. It shows that the phase transition, the bound electron entering into the conduction band whereby （H）min=0, is not possible beyond this concentration. The results suggest thai a phase transition is impossible in 213 systems, supporting the scaling theory of localization. The results are compared with the existing data available and discussed in the light of existing literature.

关键词： MOTT TRANSITION QUANTUM-WELLS ELECTRON-GAS 2 dIMENSIONS LOCALIZATION

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Limits on light emission from silicon

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第4期7卷 268-270页

作者： peter Würfel Institut für Angewandte Physik Universitt KarlsruheD-76128 KarlsruheGermany

Although silicon is an indirect semiconductor, light emission from silicon is governed by the same gener- alized Planck＇s radiation law as the emission from direct semiconductors. The emission intensity is given by the absorptance of the volume in which there is a difference of the quasi Fermi energies. A difference of the Fermi energies may result h＇om the absorption of external light （photoluminescence） or from the injection of electrons and holes via selective contacts （electroluminescence）. The quantum efficiency may be larger than 0.5 for carrier densities below 10^15 cm^-3. At larger densities, non-radiative recombination, in particular Auger recombination dominates. At all carrier densities, the relation between emission intensity and difference of the quasi Fermi energies is maintained. Since this difference is equal to the voltage of a properly designed solar cell, luminescence is the key indicator of material quality for solar cells.

关键词： Carrier concentration Fermi level Light Light emission Photoluminescence Semiconducting silicon Silicon

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Single-center study comparing computed tomography colonography with conventional colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第3期14卷 469-473页

作者： Ian C Roberts-Thomson Graeme R Tucker peter J Hewett peter Cheung Ruben A Sebben EE Win Khoo Julie d Marker Wayne K Clapton department of Gastroenterology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia department of Health South Australia Australia department of Colorectal Surgery The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia department of Radiology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia

AIM:To compare the results from computed tomography (CT) colonography with conventional colonoscopy in symptomatic patients referred for colonoscopy. METHOdS: The study included 227 adult outpatients, mean age 60 years, with appropriate indications for colonoscopy. CT colonography and colonoscopy were performed on the same day in a metropolitan teaching hospital. Colonoscopists were initially blinded to the results of CT colonography but there was segmental unblinding during the procedure. The primary outcome measures were the sensitivity and specificity of CT colonography for the identification of polyps seen at colonoscopy (i.e. analysis by polyp). Secondary outcome measures included an analysis by patient, extracolonic findings at CT colonography, adverse events with both procedures and patient acceptance and preference. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients (11%) were excluded from the analysis because of incomplete colonoscopy or poor bowel preparation that affected either CT colonography, colonoscopy or both procedures. Polyps and masses (usually cancers) were detected at colonoscopy and CT colonography in 35% and 42% of patients, respectively. Of nine patients with a finaldiagnosis of cancer, eight (89%) were identified by CT colonography as masses (5) or polyps (3). For polyps analyzed according to polyp, the overall sensitivity of CT colonography was 50% (95% CI, 39%-61%) but this increased to 71% (95% CI, 52%-85%) for polyps ≥ 6 mm in size. Similarly, specificity for all polyps was 48% (95% CI, 39%-58%) increasing to 67% (95% CI, 56%-76%) for polyps ≥ 6 mm. Adverse events were uncommon but included one colonic perforation at colonoscopy. Patient acceptance was high for both procedures but preference favoured CT colonography. CONCLUSION: Although CT colonography was more sensitive in this study than in some previous studies, the procedure is not yet sensitive enough for widespread application in symptomatic patients.

关键词： Colorectal polyps Colorectal cancer Computed tomography colonography Colonoscopy

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Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson＇s disease： a possible target for neuroprotection

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第6期9卷 489-503页

作者： Jacqueline A. GLEAVE peter d. PERRI Joanne E. NASH Centre for Neurobiology of Stress Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Ontario M1C1A4Canada

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles which are required for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Thus, it is not surprising that irregularities in mitochondrial function result in cellular damage and are linked with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson＇s disease. Evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction is key to the pathogenesis of Parkinson＇s disease is founded in studies in post-mortem tissue from patients with Parkinson＇s disease, and also from genetic studies stemming from patients with familial Parkinson＇s disease. Whether triggered by environmental or genetic factors, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early in the pathogenic process, and is central to Parkinson＇s disease pathology. As such, targeting the mitochondria to slow or halt disease progression is an attractive strategy for disease-modifying agents in Parkinson＇s disease. Indeed, several therapies which target the mitochondria have been investigated as neuroproteetive treatments for Parkinson＇s disease. This review will discuss the evidence supporting mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson＇s disease pathology as well as treatment strategies that target the mitochondria.

关键词： Parkinson's disease mitochondria oxidative stress lysosome UPS

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PSA screening-for whom and when?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第1期21卷 3-5页

作者： peter Albers department of Urology Dusseldorf University HospitalHeinrich-Heine-UniversityMoorenstr.5 D-40225DusseldorfGermany.

Reasons for and against screening of,prostate cancer have been discussed widely over the last *** 2014,the European Randomized Trial for Screening of Prostate Cancer(ERSPC)has reported a relative reduction of the cancer-specific survival of 27%in participants who definitely followed the *** relative advantage has proven to be stable from year 7 to year 13 after the beginning of ***,the disadvantages of overdiagnosis and overtreatment are the downsides of a population-based screening *** given the overall advantage of screening,a risk-adapted prostate-specific antigen(PSA)screening using a baseline PSA value at ages 45-50 may significantly reduce the number needed to diagnose maintaining the benefits of *** is a randomized risk-adapted screening trial currently ongoing in Germany to answer this important question.

关键词： PSA ERSPC

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Bleeding outcomes after non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention in the very elderly

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第10期14卷 624-631页

作者： Vimalraj Bogana Shanmugam dennis T Wong Hashrul Rashid James d Cameron Yuvaraj Malaiapan peter J Psaltis Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre Clayton Campus of Monash University Victoria Australia South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide Australia

Background Octogenarians constitute an increasing proportion of patients presenting for non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods This study evaluated the in-hospital procedural characteristics and outcomes, including the bleeding events of 293 octogenarians presenting between January 2010 and december 2012 for non-emergency PCI to a single large volume tertiary care Aus- tralian center. Comparisons were made with 293 consecutive patients aged less than or equal to 60 years, whose lesions were matched with the octogenarians. Results Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction was the most frequent indication for non-emergency PCI in octoge- narians. Compared to the younger cohort, they had a higher prevalence of co-morbidities and more complex coronary disease, comprising more type C and calcified lesions. Peri-procedural use of low molecular weight heparin （LMWH; 1.0% vs. 5.8%; P 〈 0.001） and glycopro- tein IIb/IIIa inhibitors （2.1% vs. 9.6%; P 〈 0.001） was lower, while femoral arterial access was used more commonly than in younger patients （80.9% vs. 67.6%; P 〈 0.001）. Overall, there was a non-significant trend towards higher incidence of all bleeding events in the elderly （9.2% vs. 5.8%; P = 0.12）. There was no significant difference in access site or non-access site bleeding and major or minor bleeding between the two cohorts. Sub-analysis did not reveal any significant influence on bleeding rates by the use of LMWH, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors or femoral arterial access. In addition, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital mortality, stroke or acute stent thrombosis between the two groups. Conclusions In this single center study, we did not observe significant increases in adverse in-hospital outcomes including the incidence of bleeding in octogenarians undergoing non-emergency PCI.

关键词： Bleeding Coronary artery disease Octogenarians Percutaneous coronary intervention

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Ground-penetrating radar study of beach-ridge deposits in Huangqihai Lake, North China： the imprint of washover processes

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第1期10卷 183-194页

作者： Xin SHAN Xinghe YU peter d. CLIFT Chengpeng TAN Shunli LI Zhixing WANG dongxu SU School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China department of Geology and Geophysics Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA

determining the origin of beach ridges in lacustrine basins can often be problematic. The sedimen- tary processes responsible for formation of beach ridges on the north shore of Huangqihai Lake were investigated by using ground penetrating radar （GPR）. A 400 MHz GPR antenna was used to achieve a high vertical resolution of 0.044）.08 m. The radar stratigraphy was then determined using principles of seismic stratigraphy. The radar facies （RF） were determined by analyzing internal configuration and continuity of reflections, as well as reflection termination patterns. The identified RF fall into three groups （inclined, horizontal and irregular）. The inclined group consists of RF that display inclined reflections. The horizontal group consists of RF that exhibit predominantly horizontal reflections. In the irregular group, the reflections are typically weak. RF with reflections with gently landward dips in the shore-normal profile are interpreted as washover sheet deposits. RF with steeply landward-dipping and imbricated reflections are interpreted as washover lobes. Washover sheets develop when overwash fails to enter a significant body of water and sedimentation takes place entirely on the relatively flattened topography. Washover lobe development occurs when overwash enters a region in which topography dips steeply landward, and sedimentation takes place on the surface of washover sheets or previous washover lobes. The beach-ridge deposits are interpreted as being formed entirely from vertically and laterally stacked washover sheets and washover lobes. They were formed by wave-dominated processes and secondary overwash processes supplemented by longshore currents.

关键词： beach-ridge ground penetrating radar radar facies radar stratigraphy washover process

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Blind spots in climate finance for innovation peter WARREN

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第1期11卷 60-64页

作者： peter WARREN School of Public Policy University College London(UCL)LondonWCIH 9QUUK

International climate finance is a sub-set of green finance and refers to investments specifically in climate change mitigation and adaptation activities,which primarily involve public finance and the leveraging of private finance in developing *** addition to continued international support for scaling low carbon solutions and facilitating replicability in developing countries,there remains an important need to increase the amount of climate finance provided to innovation,particularly demonstration(for technology innovation)and pilot implementation(for policy innovation),and to channel a greater proportion of Official development Assistance(OdA)to‘hard-to-abate'areas,such as industrial decarbonisation,international transport and cross-sectoral issues like cooling and behavioural insights,to accelerate the commercialisation and implementation of technological,linancial and policy solutions to contribute to meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to‘well-below'2℃ in these *** research,development and demonstration(Rd&d)support with technical assistance is important in providing the route to obtain wider donor finance(concessional finance)and private finance to enable deployment through scalability and replicability.

关键词： Climate finance Climate policy Paris Agreement Official development assistance Industrial decarbonisation Sustainable cooling Behavioural insights International transport

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