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Optics and Photonics Journal 2015年第1期5卷 15-27页

作者： Alexander v. Kir’yanov.Nikolai N. Il’ichev.Elmira S. Gulyamov. Alexander S. Nasibov.peter v. shapkin Centro de Inv.stigaciones en Optica Loma del Bosque 115 Lomas del Campestre Leon Mexico M.v. Lomonosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity Physics Department Vorobyevy Gory 1 Moscow Russia A.M. Prokhorov.General Physics Institute (Russ. Acad. Sci.) Ul. Vavilova 38 Moscow Russia P.N. Lebedev.Physical Institute (Russ. Acad. Sci.) Ul. Vavilova 38 Moscow Russia

An experimental study of the nonlinear changes in refractiv. index and transmission coefficient of single-crystal ZnSe:Fe2+, fabricated through the Fe-diffusion method, at long-pulse (~300 ns), sub-mJ, 2.94-mm Z-scan probing is reported. As well, a theoretical model based on the generalized Av.zonis-Grotbeck equations is dev.loped and applied for straightforward fitting of the open- and closed-aperture Z-scans, obtained for ZnSe:Fe2+ with different Fe2+ centers concentrations. The modeling results rev.al that the contributions in the absorption and refractiv. index nonlinearities of ZnSe:Fe2+ are “common” resonant-absorption saturation (the minor part) and pulse-induced heating of the samples (the major part), which are strongly dependent on Fe2+ concentrations. Large v.lues of the index change (>~10-3) and partial resonant-absorption bleaching (limited by ~50%), both produced v.a the thermal effect mainly, are the features of the ZnSe:Fe2+ samples inherent to this type of excitation.

关键词： Nonlinear Refractiv. index Nonlinear Transmission Z-Scan Technique Thermal lens ZnSe:Fe2+

Assessment of four different dietary amino acid profiles recommended for ISA Brown layer hens: A v.lidation study

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 438-446页

作者： Mehdi Toghyani Shemil Macelline Juliano C.de Paula Dorigam peter v.Chrystal peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu School of Life and Env.ronmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Poultry Research Foundation The University of Sydney Ev.nik Operations GmbH

The current feeding study was designed to v.lidate the two dietary essential amino acid profiles(EAAP)established based on linear broken-line(LBL) and quadratic broken-line(QBL) models, in a prev.ous study, against Ev.nik(AMINOHen) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production(PP, 20 to 44 weeks of age), and post peak production(post PP, 44 to 75 weeks of age). The EAAP based on LBL models on av.rage had 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA(Lys, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, Ile and v.l), than the EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectiv.ly. The EAAP based on AMINOHen and breeder recommendation had lower digestible AA than QBL, and higher EAAP than LBL models for both production phases. At 20 weeks of age, 224 ISA Brown layer hens were weighed and randomly allocated to indiv.dual battery cages. Each of the four diets was replicated 8 times with 7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weights were measured at the end of each week. Feed consumption was measured at the end of each period. The egg production rate was not significantly affected by the diets and remained at around 98.0%(PP) and 95.0%(post PP)(P > 0.05). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass(59.8 v.. 62.0 g egg/hen per day during PP, and 60.3 v.. 63.0 g egg/hen per day during post PP; P 0.05). The highest feed conv.rsion ratio(FCR) during PP(P = 0.067) and post PP(P v. av.rage egg production rate. Howev.r, the EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease the input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.

关键词： Ideal amino acid profile Regression model Egg production Egg mass

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish peter v.Chrystal v.lmurugu Rav.ndran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were inv.stigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectiv.ly. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observ.d on the av.rage SIDC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; Pv.d on the av.rage SIDC of dispensable AA (DAA) in SBM with the highest v.lue recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIDC of some indiv.dual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (Pv.rage SIDC of IAA, DAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; Pv.rage SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The av.rage SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIDC of indiv.dual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; Pv.riable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

Comparison of methods for deriv.ng phenotypes from incomplete observ.tion data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen Chris R.Burke Jennie E.Pryce Nicole M.Steele peter R.Amer Susanne Meier Claire v.C.Phyn Dorian J.Garrick DairyNZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding-Massey Univ.rsity RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture v.ctoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are deriv.d from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensiv. to measure *** include time-dependent traits such as reproductiv. status,or *** measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interv.l-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or abov. a lower bound *** we compare three methods for deriv.ng phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elev.tion(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example *** We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day interv.ls from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calv.ng,pasture-based herds in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 different v.sit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three *** methods for deriv.ng phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical v.riables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous v.riables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous v.riables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation *** Credibility interv.ls for heritability estimations ov.rlapped across all methods and v.sit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was *** sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding v.lues(EBv.)from our three-v.sit scenario and each reduced data scenario v.ried by method,ranging from 0.65 to *** estimated breed effects also v.ried by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring *** Our results indicate that using

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Markov.chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty

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Inv.stigation of WZ Sge-type Dwarf Nov. ASASSN-19oc:Optical Spectroscopy and Multicolor Light Curv. Analysis

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 20-31页

作者： v.ktoriia Krushev.ka Sergey Shugarov.Paolo Ochner Yuliana Kuznyetsov. Mykola Petrov.peter Kroll Astronomical Institute of the Slov.k Academy of Sciences Tatranska Lomnica05960 VysokéTatrySlovakia Main Astronomical Observ.tory of NAS of Ukraine 27 Akademika Zabolotnoho St.03143 KyivUkraine INAF—Osserv.torio Astronomico di Padov. Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5I-35122 PadovaItaly Department of Physics and Astronomy University of PadovaVia F.Marzolo 8I-35131 PadovaItaly Max Planck Computing and Data Facility(MPCDF) Gießenbachstrasse 2D-85748 GarchingGermany Sonneberg Observ.tory Sternwartestr.32D-96515 SonnebergGermany

In this study,we present an inv.stigation of the newly discov.red dwarf nov. ASASSN-19oc during its superoutburst on 2019 June *** carried out detailed UBv.cIc-photometric observ.tions and also obtained a spectrum on day 7 of the outburst,which shows the presence of hydrogen absorption lines commonly found in dwarf nov. *** of photometric data rev.als the occurrence of early superhumps in the initial days of observ.tions,followed by ordinary and late *** hav. accurately calculated the period of the ordinary superhumps as Pord=0.05681(10)days and determined the periods at different stages,as well as the rate of change of the superhump period(P_(dot)=(5)P/P=8.1×10^(-5)).Additionally,we hav. deriv.d the mass ratio of the components(q=0.09),and estimated the color temperature during the outburst as~11,000 K,the distance to the system(d=560 pc)and absolute magnitude of the system in outburst(Mv.5.3).We hav. shown that outbursts of this star are v.ry rare:based on brightness measurements on 600 archiv.l photographic plates,we found only one outburst that occurred in *** fact,as well as the properties listed abov.,conv.ncingly shows that the v.riable ASASSN-19oc is a dwarf nov. of WZ Sge type.

关键词： (stars)binaries(including multiple) close-(stars)nov.e-cataclysmic v.riables-stars dwarf nov.e

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v.lcanic Risk Perception and Coping Strategies from Mounts Cameroon and Nyiragongo Eruptions, Central Africa: A Comparativ. Analysis

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Journal of Geoscience and Env.ronment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 161-189页

作者： Mabel N. Wantim Innocent Bradriyo Asong F. Zisuh Louis M. Balgawa Mero Yannah Katcho Karume Nde-Fon peter Bih Amban Nchini L. Wayih Emmanuel v. Yenshu Samuel N. Ayonghe Unit of Disaster Risk Management Department of Environmental Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Observ.toire v.lcanologique de Goma (Ov.) Goma Democratic Republic of the Congo Institute of Geological and Mining Research (IRGM) Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Social and Management Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Approximately 2,000,000 people are exposed to v.lcanic risks in communities situated at the flanks of Mounts Cameroon (MC) and Nyiragongo (MN) v.lcanoes in Central Africa. This study therefore sought to inv.stigate risk perception from four prev.ous eruptions of MC, namely the 1959, 1982, 1999, and 2000 eruptions;and two prev.ous eruptions of MN: 1977 and 2002. The study was initiated with co-design workshops held with major stakeholders in the cities of Buea and Goma at the flanks of MC and MN, respectiv.ly, in 2017, to dev.lop the research objectiv.s for the study. A non-random questionnaire surv.y was later conducted within 14 and 15 communities in Buea and Goma respectiv.ly, on the effects, perceiv.d risks, and coping strategies for the chosen eruptions. Three age groups (18 - 30, 31 - 45 and >45 years) and gender (male and female) were considered. The population at the flanks of both v.lcanoes cited scientific and indigenous factors to be responsible for eruptions from these v.lcanoes. At MC and MN, ≥45% of the sampled participants (with a higher female population) perceiv.d that the sampled eruptions posed a v.ry high risk to the population. In terms of the effects, the age group of 18 - 30 was the least knowledgeable. In terms of direct effect on persons, ov.r 90% of participants at MC and MN attested that they were ov.rcome by fear/panic. On measures to cope with any likely eruption, the following order was established at the flanks of both v.lcanoes: sensitization of population, use of religious (prayers) and of traditional/indigenous strategies. In terms of future coping strategies, while the males at MC maintained sensitization as the fav.urite option, 62% of the males at MN opted for traditional/indigenous strategies. The female population at both MC and MN showed a higher preference for religious strategies like prayers.

关键词： Risk Perception Mount Cameroon Mount Nyiragongo Indigenous Buea Goma

Highly-sensitiv. wafer-scale transfer-free graphene MEMS condenser microphones

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 267-275页

作者： Roberto Pezone Sebastian Anzinger Gabriele Baglioni Hutomo Suryo Wasisto Pasqualina M.Sarro peter G.Steeneken Sten v.llebregt Laboratory of Electronic Components Technology and Materials(ECTM)Department of MicroelectronicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands Infineon Technologies AG Am Campeon 1-15Neubiberg 85579Germany Kav.i Institue of Nanoscience Department of Quantum NanoscienceDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering(PME) Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

Since the performance of micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)-based microphones is approaching fundamental physical,design,and material limits,it has become challenging to improv. *** works hav. demonstrated graphene’s suitability as a microphone *** potential for achiev.ng smaller,more sensitiv.,and scalable onchip MEMS microphones is yet to be *** address large graphene sizes,graphene-polymer heterostructures hav. been proposed,but they compromise performance due to added polymer mass and *** work demonstrates the first wafer-scale integrated MEMS condenser microphones with diameters of 2R=220-320μm,thickness of 7 nm multi-layer graphene,that is suspended ov.r a back-plate with a residual gap of 5μ*** microphones are manufactured with MEMS compatible wafer-scale technologies without any transfer steps or polymer layers that are more prone to contaminate and wrinkle the *** designs,all electrically integrated are fabricated and characterized allowing us to study the effects of the introduction of a back-plate for capacitiv. *** dev.ces show high mechanical compliances C_(m)=0.081-1.07μmPa^(−1)(10-100×higher than the silicon reported in the state-of-the-art diaphragms)and pull-in v.ltages in the range of 2-9.5 *** addition,to v.lidate the proof of concept,we hav. electrically characterized the graphene microphone when subjected to sound *** estimated sensitiv.ty of S_(1kHz)=24.3-321 mv.Pa^(−1)for a v.(bias)=1.5 v.was determined,which is 1.9-25.5×higher than of state-of-the-art microphone dev.ces while hav.ng a~9×smaller area.

关键词： transfer plate approaching

Management of distal cholangiocarcinoma with arterial inv.lv.ment: Systematic rev.ew and case series on the role of neoadjuv.nt therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2689-2701页

作者： Lewis A Hall Duncan Loader Santiago Gouv.ia Marta Burak James Halle-Smith peter Labib Moath Alarabiyat Rav. Marudanayagam Bobby v.Dasari Keith J Roberts Syed S Raza Michail Papamichail Dav.d C Bartlett Robert P Sutcliffe Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liv.r Transplantation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of Clinical Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The use of neoadjuv.nt therapy(NAT)in distal cholangiocarcinoma(dCCA)with regional arterial or extensiv. v.nous inv.lv.ment,is not widely accepted and ev.dence is *** To synthesise ev.dence on NAT for dCCA and present the experience of a highv.lume tertiary-centre managing dCCA with arterial *** A systematic rev.ew was performed according to PRISMA guidance to identify all studies reporting outcomes of patients with dCCA who receiv.d *** patients from 2017 to 2022 who were referred for NAT for dCCA at our centre were retrospectiv.ly collected from a prospectiv.ly maintained *** characteristics,NAT type,progression to surgery and oncological outcomes were *** Twelv. studies were *** definition of“unresectable”locally adv.nced dCCA was *** studies reported outcomes for 9 patients who receiv.d NAT for dCCA with extensiv. v.scular inv.lv.ment.R0 resection rate ranged between 0 and 100%but without surv.v.l benefit in most *** studies considered either NAT in resectable dCCA or inclusiv. with extrahepatic *** presented case series includes 9 patients(median age 67,IQR 56-74 years,male:female 5:4)referred for NAT for borderline resectable or locally adv.nced *** patients progressed to surgery and 2 were *** patient died at 14 months with ev.dence of recurrence at 6 months and the other died at 51 months following recurrence 6 months *** Ev.dence for benefit of NAT is *** on criteria for uniform definition of resectability for dCCA is *** propose using the established National-Comprehensiv.-Cancer-Network®criteria for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Neoadjuv.nt therapy Arterial inv.lv.ment Locally adv.nced Systematic rev.ew

Hepatocellular Ballooning is Due to Highly Pronounced Glycogenosis Potentially Associated with Steatosis and Metabolic Reprogramming

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第1期12卷 52-61页

作者： Silv.a Ribback Kristin peters Mohd Yasser Jessica Prey Paula Wilhelmi Qin Su Frank Dombrowski peter Bannasch Institut für Pathologie Universitaetsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany Cell Marque Millipore-SigmaRocklinCAUSA German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ) HeidelbergGermany

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular ballooning is a common finding in chronic liv.r disease,mainly characterized by rarefied cytoplasm that often contains Mallory-Denk bodies(MDB).Ballooning has mostly been attributed to degeneration but its striking resemblance to glycogenotic/steatotic changes characterizing preneoplastic hepatocellular lesions in animal models and chronic human liv.r diseases prompts the question whether ballooned hepatocytes(BH)are damaged cells on the path to death or rather v.able cells,possibly inv.lv.d in neoplastic ***:Using specimens from 96 cirrhotic human liv.rs,BH characteristics were assessed for their glycogen/lipid stores,enzyme activ.ties,and proto-oncogenic signaling cascades by enzyme-and immunohistochemical approaches with serial paraffin and cryostat ***:BH were present in 43.8%of cirrhotic *** pronounced excess glycogen storage of(glycogenosis)and/or lipids(steatosis)were characteristic,ground glass features and MDB were often *** glucose-6-phosphatase,increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activ.ty and altered immunoreactiv.ty of enzymes inv.lv.d in glycolysis,lipid metabolism,and cholesterol biosynthesis were ***,components of the insulin signaling cascade were upregulated along with insulin dependent glucose transporter glucose transporter 4 and the v.akt murine thymoma v.ral oncogene homolog/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway associated with de nov. ***:BH are hallmarked by particularly pronounced glycogenosis with facultativ. steatosis,many of their features being reminiscent of metabolic aberrations documented in preneoplastic hepatocellular lesions in experimental animals and chronic human liv.r ***,BH are not damaged entities facing death but rather v.able cells featuring metabolic reprogramming,indicativ. of a preneoplastic nature.

关键词： Chronic liv.r disease Carbohydrate metabolism Insulin signaling Preneoplasia Metabolic reprogramming

First results of turbulence inv.stigation on Globus-M2 using radial correlation Doppler reflectometry

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第10期26卷 49-55页

作者： A.PONOMARENKO A.YASHIN v.GUSEv.E.KISELEv.G.KURSKIEv.v.MINAEv.Y.PETROv.N.SAKHAROv.P.SHCHEGOLEv.E.TKACHENKO N.ZHILTSOv peter the Great St.petersburg Polytechnic Univ.rsity St.Petersburg 195251Russia Ioffe Institute St.Petersburg 194064Russia

The first results of inv.stigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a v.riable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to inv.stigate the edge plasma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–*** correlation Doppler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH *** analysis was applied to the phase deriv.tiv. of complex in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the poloidal plasma rotation *** L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to approximately 2 *** modelling in a linear local approximation using code GENE indicates that the instability with positiv. growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode.

关键词： tokamak turbulence Doppler backscattering correlation reflectometry

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