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Forensic Identification of Missing Persons using DNA from Surviving Relatives and Femur Bone Retrieved from Salty Environment

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2020年第1期6卷 40-44页

作者： Kofi Adjapong Afrifah Alexander Badu‑Boateng Samuel Antwi‑Akomeah Eva Emefa Motey Emmanuel Boampong peter twumasi Paul Poku Sampene Augustine Donkor Forensic Science Laboratory CID HeadquartersGhana Police ServiceAccraGhana Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Pathology School of Medicine and DentistryKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Chemistry College of Basic and Applied SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana

Human identification using forensic DNA profiling has made enormous advancement over the past two‑and‑half *** DNA profiling provides enormous genetic data from a variety of biological materials and individualsto help solve many important criminal and civil cases that confront *** certain environmental conditions,the total deterioration of soft-tissue leaves skeletal remains as the only available sample for DNA testing to identify missing persons,victims of natural disasters,or exonerate suspect(s)in a criminal *** report the findings of a case involving the human remains of a missing person submitted to the Forensic Science Laboratory of the Ghana Police Service for forensic DNA profiling in comparison to an alleged living relative of the *** from the femur bone and buccal swabs of alleged relative of the deceased were extracted,quantified,and short tandem repeat(STR)profiled using Qiagen’s Investigator kit,Applied Biosystem’s Quantifiler trio,and GlobalFiler *** STR profiles were generated for both the femur bone from the salty environment and the buccal swabs from the alleged *** femur bone was genetically identified to be that of the missing *** remains were thus handed over to the relatives for final funeral rites and burial to bring closure to the long search for the missing person.

关键词： Electropherogram genomic profiling short tandem repeat skull

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Non-Random Distribution of Human Orofacial Clefts in Ghana: Gene-Environment Interactions

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第2期8卷 35-52页

作者： Lord Jephthah Joojo Gowans Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Alexander Acheampong Oti Fareed Kow Nanse Arthur peter twumasi Pius Agbenorku Gyikua Plange-Rhule peter Donkor Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Dental School KNUST Kumasi Ghana Cleft-Craniofacial Clinic Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) Kumasi Ghana Department of Surgery School of Medical Sciences KNUST Kumasi Ghana Department of Child Health School of Medical Sciences KNUST Kumasi Ghana

Human orofacial clefts (OFCs) are congenital anomalies that result from the breakdown of normal mechanisms that regulate the formation of the human face. They could be syndromic or non-syndromic, with a global incidence of 1:700 per live births. Environmental and genetic factors are thought to play various roles in the aetiology of OFCs. This study seeks to establish the diversity, distribution and pattern of inheritance of OFCs as well as environmental and other risk factors associated with OFCs in a Ghanaian population. A family-based, descriptive cross-sectional study that employed an interview-based survey questionnaire was used to obtain information from 467 families with history of OFCs. We employed chi-square statistics to analyse the data and used graphs to interpret the data. All previously reported subphenotypes of OFCs were observed by the present study. Clinically, about 12% of clefts in the study population were syndromic. The most common syndromic forms observed were Pierre Robin Sequence, cleft-with-club foot abnormalities and Van der Woude Syndrome. Only about 5% of clefts in the study cohort were familial. The study also established that lower level of education of parents, poverty, late antenatal care and dietary folate deficiency are major environmental factors associated with clefts in the Ghanaian population. In conclusion, OFCs are non-randomly distributed in Ghana and folate deficiency could likely be a source of genetic mutations and “epimutations” that cause OFCs, since folate is essential for DNA methylation, replication and repair as well as histone modification.

关键词： Orofacial Clefts (OFCs) Folate Deficiency Low Socio-Economic Status Non-Random Distribution Pattern of Inheritance

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