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Aortic valve replacement reduces mortality in moderate aortic stenosis:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第1期20卷 61-67页

作者： Kyle B Franke Dimple Bhatia ross L Roberts-Thomson peter J Psaltis Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Vascular Research Centre Lifelong Health ThemeSouth Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia Department of Cardiology Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia

BACKGROUND With the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement and an evolving understanding of the natural progression and history of aortic stenosis,the potential for earlier intervention in appropriate patients is promising;however,the benefit of aortic valve replacement in moderate aortic stenosis remains *** Pubmed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library databases were searched up until 30th of December 2021 using keywords including moderate aortic stenosis and aortic valve *** reporting all-cause mortality and outcomes in early aortic valve replacement(AVR)compared to conservative management in patients with moderate aortic stenosis were *** ratios were generated using random-effects meta-analysis to determine effect *** 3470 publications were screened with title and abstract review,which left 169 articles for full-text *** these studies,7 met inclusion criteria and were included,totalling 4,827 *** studies treated AVR as a time-dependent co-variable in cox-regression multivariate analysis of all-cause *** with surgical or transcatheter AVR was associated with a 45% decreased risk of all-cause mortality(HR=0.55[0.42-0.68],I2=51.5%,P<0.001).All studies were representative of the overall cohort with appropriate sample sizes,with no evidence of publication,detection,or information biases in any of the *** In this systematic review and meta-analysis,we report a 45% reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with moderate aortic stenosis who were treated with early aortic valve replacement compared to a strategy of conservative *** control trials are awaited to determine the utility of AVR in moderate aortic stenosis.

关键词： aortic stenosis analysis

以污染海域鱼类为食的斑海豹(Phoca vitulina)免疫功能的损害

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人类环境杂志 1994年第2期23卷 155-159页

作者： Rik de Swart peter ross peter Reijnders Helga Timmerman Siem Heisterkamp Henk van Loveren Joseph Vos Albert Osterhaus 蒋逸航荷兰Bilthoven的国家公共健康与环境保护研究所海豹恢复与研究中心 DLO-森林与自然研究所病理学实验室数学方法中心统计学和运算研究部病理学实验室免疫生物学部伊拉兹马斯大学

近来,海豹和海豚中高死亡率疾病的爆发,已引起公众和科学界的很大兴趣。虽然在大多数情况下,病毒的传播是疾病爆发的主要原因,但据推测污染所引起的免疫抑制起到了推波助澜的作用。这里我们介绍半野外条件下一项前瞻性研究结果,在这项... 详细信息

近来,海豹和海豚中高死亡率疾病的爆发,已引起公众和科学界的很大兴趣。虽然在大多数情况下,病毒的传播是疾病爆发的主要原因,但据推测污染所引起的免疫抑制起到了推波助澜的作用。这里我们介绍半野外条件下一项前瞻性研究结果,在这项研究中,两组斑海豹(Phoca vitulina)喂食了来自不同程度污染海区的鲱鱼,即高度污染的波罗的海和相对无污染的大西洋。在为期93周内,对与免疫功能有关的参数进行了监测,并对这两组参数进行了比较。我们发现:食用波罗的海鲱鱼的海豹的自然杀伤细胞NK活性和有丝分裂素所引起的T细胞增殖反应显著较低。另外,我们还注意到这些动物中循环的多形核粒细胞较多,这可能表明细菌传染发病率的增加。本文首次向人们展示了与长期受通过海洋食物链而积累的环境污染物的影响有关的哺乳动物免疫功能受损。

关键词：海水污染鱼类海豹免疫功能

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IT治理路线图

IT经理世界 2004年第21期 94-94页

作者： Jeanne ross ,peter Weill ,刘小萌

将决策权赋予敢负责的人虽然所有的组织都希望IT决策能够体现不同股东的利益,但好的企业会根据决策类型,将决策的任务明确指派给那些能够为决策结果负责的人们。例如,波士顿金融服务机构道富就将IT决策权授予了IT执行委员会。它由COO、... 详细信息

将决策权赋予敢负责的人虽然所有的组织都希望IT决策能够体现不同股东的利益,但好的企业会根据决策类型,将决策的任务明确指派给那些能够为决策结果负责的人们。例如,波士顿金融服务机构道富就将IT决策权授予了IT执行委员会。它由COO、CAO和CIO等高级管理人员组成,负责确定企业的IT发展目标、制定年度IT预算及磋商决定IT项目的优先次序。这个IT执行委员依靠IT团队,将IT原则和决策付诸实践。

关键词： IT 决策权优先次序

Protein sources and starch-protein digestive dynamics manipulate growth performance in broiler chickens defined by an equilateraltriangle response surface design

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 204-213页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline peter V.Chrystal peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamden NSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia

A total of 360 male,off-sex ross 308 chicks were offered 10 dietary treatments from 14 to 35 d post ehatch in an equilateral-triangle response surface design feeding study in order to confirm the importance of protein and amino acid digestive dynamics in broiler *** 3 apical diets were nutritionally-equivalent containing either soybean meal,non-bound amino acids or whey protein concentrate as the major source of dietary protein and amino *** blends of the 3 apical diets comprised the balance of 7 diets and each dietary treatment was offered to 6 replicate cages with 6 birds per *** performance,nutrient utilisation,apparent protein and starch digestibility coefficients were determined in 4 small intestinal *** optimal weight gain(2,085 g/bird)and feed conversion ratios(FCR,1.397)were generated by Diet 50S50W which included a 50:50 blend of apical diets rich in whey protein concentrate and soybean *** chickens offered Diet 50S50W also had the highest experimental and predicted jejunal digestibility(0.685 in proximal jejunum and 0.823 in distal jejunum).FCR was not correlated with apparent distal ileal digestibility coefficient(P>0.05)of protein but was correlated with apparent protein digestibility in proximal jejunum(r=-0.369,P=0.040)and distal jejunum(r=-0.316,P=0.015).Surplus dietary starch was correlated with increased fat pad weight(r=0.781,P?0.008).The findings confirmed the relevance of protein digestion rate,reflected by jejunal digestibility,on feed conversion of broiler chickens.A balance between protein-bound and non-bound crystalline or synthetic amino acids may be required for optimal growth and protein digestion.

关键词： Amino acid Digestive dynamics Glucose Protein Starch

Influence of intranasal oxytocin on fear consolidation in healthy humans

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 327-334页

作者： Elizabeth Hoge Eric Bui peter Rosencrans Scott Orr Rachel ross Rebecca Ojserkis Naomi Simon Department of Psychiatry Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUnited States Department of Psychiatry New York University Medical CenterNew York CityNew YorkUSA

Background Although recent data in healthy humans suggestthat treatment with intranasal oxytocin(0T)may facilitate extinction recall,to date,little is known about the effects of 0T on memory *** To examine the effect of intranasal administration of OT compared with placebo on memory consolidation blockade of a de novo fear memory in a classical 2-day fear conditioning *** There were no significant differences between the 0T and the placebo groups on the first two extinction trials(mean(SD)=0.01(0.39)vs 0.15(0.31),t=-1.092,p=0.28).Similarly,during early extinction,analysis of variance for repeated measures failed to show significant main effects of extinction trials:trials(F(4,112)=1.58,p=0.18),drug(F(1,112)=0.13,p=0.72)or drug x trials interaction(F(4,112)=0.76,p=0.56).Conclusion Our results suggest that 0T administered in a double-blind fashion immediately after fear conditioning does not significantly reduce consolidation of fear learning as measured by a differential skin conductance response tested at the beginning of extinction.

关键词： extinction consolidation measures

The influence of dietary crude protein concentrations,grain types and arginine:lysine ratios on the performance of broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 259-268页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline peter V.Chrystal Chanon Inanan Mehdi Toghyani peter H.Selle Sonia Yun Liu School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneyCamperdown2006NSWAustralia Poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydne Camden2570NSWAustralia Complete Feed Solutions Howick2145New Zealand Sydney School of Veterinary Science Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneyCamden2570NSWAustralia

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein(CP)concentrations,grain types and arginine:lysine ratios on performance parameters of broiler *** 2×2×2factorial array of dietary treatments harnessed two CP concentrations(210 and 170 g/kg),two feed grains(wheat and sorghum),and two arginine:lysine ratios(104 and 110).Each dietary treatment was offered to 7 replicates of 14 birds per floor pen,a total of 784 off-sex male,ross 308 broilers,from 14 to 35 d *** dietary CP reduction compromised weight gain by 10.0%(2078 versus 2310 g/bird)as a main effect and FCR by 7.51%(1.474 versus 1.371),subject to an *** a three-way interaction(P=0.008),expanded arginine:lysine ratios improved FCR by 2.30%in 170 g/kg CP,sorghum-based diets but compromised FCR by 2.12%in corresponding wheat-based *** was the more suitable feed grain in reduced-CP diets as sorghum generated significant advantages in weight gain of 7.59%(2154versus 2002 g/kg)and FCR of 6.94%(1.421 versus 1.527)in birds offered 170 g/kg CP *** dietary CP and feed grain generated significant and divergent impacts in apparent ileal digestibility coefficients for the majority of 16 assessed amino *** CP reductions increased non-bound amino acid inclusions(NBAA)in wheat-based diets(48.96 versus 9.80 g/kg)to a greater extent than sorghum-based diets(35.3 versus 9.50 g/kg)and increasing dietary NBAA inclusions were linearly associated with compromised weight gain(r=-0.834;P<0.001)and FCR(r=0.862;P<0.001).Increasing ratios of free arginine to lysine plasma concentrations were linearly(r=-0.466;P=0.004)related to improvements in *** implications of the observed outcomes are discussed and possible explanations are advanced.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chickens Energy Protein Sorghum Wheat

The influence of non-bound amino acid inclusions and starch-protein digestive dynamics on growth performance of broiler chickens offered wheat-based diets with two crude protein concentrations

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 399-408页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline Michael T.Kidd peter V.Chrystal Mehdi Toghyani peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamden NSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Center of Excellence for Poultry Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Complete Feed Solutions Howick2145New Zealand Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the influence of high and low inclusions of nonbound amino acid(NBAA)in standard and reduced-crude protein(CP),wheat-based diets on growth performance in broiler *** treatments were formulated to either 210 or 180 g/kg ***210 g/kg CP diets contained either 12.1 or 21.1 g/kg NBAA and 180 g/kg CP diets contained either 44.0 or55.5 g/kg *** formulations also generated different dietary starch:protein ratios which impacted on starch-protein digestive *** of the four dietary treatments were offered to 7 replicates of15 birds housed in floor pens from 14 to 35 days post-hatch or a total of 420 male ross 308 *** performance,relative abdominal fat-pad weights,breast muscle and leg shank yields were *** starch and protein(N)digestibility coefficients,disappearance rates and starch:protein disappearance rate ratios were *** ileal digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates of 16 amino acids were determined at 35 days post-hatch and free concentrations of 20 amino acids in systemic plasma were determined at 34 days *** transition from 210 to 180 g/kg CP diets depressed weight gain by 11.3%(1742 versus 1964 g/bird)and FCR by 10.4%(1.606 versus 1.455),although both parameters were subject to treatment *** treatment interaction(P<0.001)observed for FCR was because high NBAA inclusions significantly improved FCR by 4.17%(1.424 versus1.486)in birds offered 210 g/kg CP diets,but significantly depressed FCR by 3.36%(1.632 versus 1.579)in180 g/kg CP diets.A quadratic relationship(r=0.860;P<0.001)between dietary NBAA inclusions and FCR was detected,which indicated that when NBAA inclusions exceed 18.5 g/kg efficiency of feed conversion ***,a multiple linear regression(r=0.913;P<0.001)was detected for FCR where both NBAA inclusions and analysed dietary starch:protein ratios were significantly(P<0.001)related to ***

关键词： Amino acid Broiler Non-bound amino acid Reduced-crude protein

Reduction of dietary crude protein and feed form:Impact on broiler litter quality,ammonia concentrations,excreta composition,performance,welfare,and meat quality

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 291-303页

作者： Madri Brink Geert P.J.Janssens peter Demeyer Ozer Bagci Evelyne Delezie Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food(ILVO)Animal Sciences UnitScheldeweg 689090 MelleBelgium Department of Nutrition Genetics and EthologyGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food(ILVO)Agricultural Engineering UnitBurg.Van Gansberghelaan 1159820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology5600 MB-EindhovenNetherlands.

Nitrogen(N)excreted by poultry is converted to ammonia(NH3),presenting an environmental risk and a health risk to the farmer and animals.A study was performed to investigate the effect of reduced CP and feed form on broiler performance and welfare,meat and litter quality,N utilization,and NH3 concentrations at litter level.A total of 2,232 ross 308 male broilers was divided into 6 treatments and 6 replicates,which was fed diets in both pellet and mash forms with different CP levels of 205.0 g/kg(H,high),187.5 g/kg(M,intermediate)and 175.0 g/kg(L,low)in the grower phase and 195.0 g/kg(H),180.0 g/kg(M)and 165.6 g/kg(L)in the finisher *** amino acids(AA)were supplemented to maintain digestible AA-to-digestible lysine *** dietary CP content to 187.5 g/kg in the grower phase and 180.0 g/kg in the finisher phase reduced NH3 concentrations at litter level(P<0.001),but a further reduction in dietary CP had no additional *** treatments had better litter qualities and lower incidences of foot and hock lesions than pellet treatments at d 38(P<0.001).In addition,treatments with reduced CP had lower incidence of foot lesions at d 38(P<0.001).Broilers fed pelleted diets had higher ADFI,ADG,and final BW,improved feed conversion ratio(FCR),and heavier carcasses(P<0.001)than those fed mash diets over a production period of 39 *** could not be maintained when birds were fed L CP pelleted *** study demonstrated that,with the supplementation of AA to meet requirements,the concentration of dietary CP can be reduced to 187.5 and 180.0 g/kg in the grower and finisher phases respectively,without impairing broiler performance,meat yield and *** diets were favorable when considering the overall litter quality and welfare of the ***,they could not maintain the same broiler performance and slaughter yield as pelleted *** from the present study may assist the poultry sector towards a socially acceptable lowemission

关键词： Broiler Ammonia Crude protein Feed form Performance

Drag Coefficients of Golf Balls

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World Journal of Mechanics 2018年第6期8卷 236-241页

作者： peter E. Jenkins Joseph Arellano Mark ross Matthew Snell Mechanical Engineering Department University of Colorado Denver USA

Drag across a golf ball can affect distance traveled when hitting a ball. An average golf ball will have a drag coefficient of, 0.24 CD ReD 35 m/s. This research found that a significantly deeper dimple pattern will g... 详细信息

关键词： Drag Coefficient Golf Balls Flow Simulation