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Serrated flow in NaI:Tl scintillator crystals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第22期153卷 120-127页

作者： Jamieson Brechtl Xie Xie Rui Feng Gongyao Wang Charles Melcher Mariya Zhuravleva peter K.Liaw The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Scintillation Materials Research Center The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

The serrated-flow behavior is an important phenomenon that unveils material-deformation mechanisms,as reported for various kinds of *** doped with Tl(NaI:Tl)is unique among scintillation ma-terials in that the structure contains glide planes that are linked to serration *** the present work,single crystals of NaI:Tl were subjected to room-temperature compression experiments at different strain *** serrated flow was observed,and complexity and multifractal analyses were performed to analyze the serration *** findings revealed that the strain rate had a pronounced effect on the complexity and multifractality of the serrated flow,similar to what has been found in other alloy *** results also indicate that there may be a strong link between the complexity of the serrated flow behavior and the heterogeneity of the underlying *** is expected that the present work could be a step toward a better understanding of the deformation behavior and forgeability of NaI:Tl single crystals.

关键词： Dislocations Ceramic material Mechanical testing Numerical algorithms Scintillator

Multiple mating by both sexes in an invasive insect species,Aethina tumida(Coleoptera:Nitidulidae)

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 517-529页

作者： Anna Papach Alexis Beaurepaire Orlando Yanez Meret Huwiler Geoffrey R.Williams peter Neumann Institute of Bee Health Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland Agroscope Swiss Bee Research CentreBernSwitzerland Department of Entomology&Plant Pathology Auburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA

Multiple mating by both sexes is common among sexually reproducing *** hive beetles(SHB),Aethina tumida,are parasites of bee nests endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and have become a widespread invasive *** the considerable economic damages they can cause,their basic biology remains poorly *** we show that male and female small hive beetles can mate multiple times,suggesting that costs for mating are low in this *** an invasive *** population in the United States,a combination of laboratory experiments for males and paternity analysis with eight polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers for field-caught females were used to estimate the number of mating by both *** data show that females and males can mate multiple times—females mated with up to eight males,whereas males mated with at least seven *** results also showed that *** displayed a skewed paternity,although this was not consistent among the tested ***,first or last male advantage seem to be unlikely in *** observations that individuals of both sexes of *** can mate multiple times opens new research avenues for examining drivers of multiple mating and determining the role it may play in promoting biological invasions.

关键词： evolution of sex invasive species multiple partners polygynandry reproductive biology

Toward Carbon-Neutral Water Systems:Insights from Global Cities

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Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 77-85页

作者： Ka Leung Lam Gang Liu Anne Marieke Motelica-Wagenaar Jan peter van der Hoek Division of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Waternet Amsterdam 1096 ACNetherlands Department of Water Management Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNNetherlands

Many cities have pledged to achieve carbon *** urban water industry can also contribute its share to a carbon-neutral *** a multi-city time-series analysis approach,this study aims to assess the progress and lessons learned from the greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions management of urban water systems in four global cities:Amsterdam,Melbourne,New York City,and *** cities are advanced in setting GHG emissions reduction targets and reporting GHG emissions in their water *** four cities have reduced the GHG emissions in their water industries,compared with those from more than a decade ago(i.e.,the latest three-year moving averages are 13%–32%lower),although the emissions have“rebounded”multiple times over the *** emissions reductions were mainly due to various engineering opportunities such as solar and mini-hydro power generation,biogas valorization,sludge digestion and incineration optimization,and aeration system *** cities have recognized the many challenges in reaching carbon-neutrality goals,which include fluctuating water demand and rainfall,more carbon-intensive flood-prevention and water-supply strategies,meeting new air and water quality standards,and revising GHG emissions accounting *** study has also shown that it is difficult for the water industry to achieve carbon neutrality on its own.A collaborative approach with other sectors is needed when aiming toward the city’s carbon-neutrality *** an approach involves expanding the usual system boundary of the water industry to externally tap into both engineering and non-engineering opportunities.

关键词： Urban water Greenhouse gas emissions Cities Climate change mitigation Carbon neutrality

Targeted therapies in cholangiocarcinoma:light at the end of the tunnel?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 631-633页

作者： Iakovos Amygdalos Ulf peter Neumann Sven Arke Lang Department of General Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany

The genetic landscape of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)remains largely *** is one of the deadliest cancers(1),with the gold standard treatment for all anatomical forms(intrahepatic-iCCA,perihilar-pCCA and distal-dCCA)being surgical resection(with adjuvant capecitabine also recommended in the newest guidelines)(2,3).The importance of genetic markers in terms of postoperative and oncological outcomes is being increasingly recognized,but few actionable mutations have been identified so far(2,4).This is particularly pertinent for patients with advanced/irresectable disease,who rely on systemic *** outcomes are poor in these patients[5-year survival up to 10%-(5)]and they would profit the most from novel,targeted therapies.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) targeted therapy biomarkers

Fluid effect on zircon O and U-Pb isotopes during ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism:Insights from the Dora-Maira Massif of the Western Alps

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 210-223页

作者： Kun Zhou Yi-Xiang Chen Jia-Wei Xiong Hans-peter Schertl Xiao-Ping Xia CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Geology Mineralogy and GeophysicsFaculty of GeosciencesRuhr University Bochum44780 BochumGermany College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Zircon geochemistry such as U-Pb and O isotopes have been widely used in dating and tracing complex geological ***,it still remains unclear how fluid action affects zircon geochemistry during metamorphic and metasomatic processes in subduction *** a systematic study on zircon U-Pb dating,O isotopes and trace elements as well as whole-rock O isotopes was carried out for the coesite-bearing whiteschists,jadeite quartzites and granitic gneisses from the Dora-Maira Massif,Western ***-rock and zircon geochemistry supports a common protolith,i.e.,Permian S-type granites,for the above three types of rocks and an intense fluid metasomatism during the Alpine orogeny to form whiteschists and jadeite *** cores in all samples have nearly identicalδ^(18)O values(9‰–11‰),whereas their apparent^(206)Pb/^(238)U ages show a greater variability due to Pb loss during *** rims formed in the late Eocene to early Oligocene can be categorized into two ***-Ⅰrims occur in granitic gneisses and jadeite *** have highδ^(18)O values consistent with zircon cores,but much lower contents of P and Y as well as lower Th/U ratios than the *** growth can be attributed to internal metamorphic fluid action at the UHP metamorphic ***-II rims occur in whiteschists and jadeite *** have remarkably lowerδ^(18)O values(5‰–8‰)and Th/U ratios(<0.01),compared with zircon cores and Type-Ⅰ*** growth can be ascribed to external fluids during the metasomatic *** zircon domains in whiteschists and jadeite quartzites show a positive correlation betweenδ^(18)O values and apparent^(206)Pb/^(238)U ages,which suggest the simultaneous impacts on U-Pb-O isotopes during external fluid *** process can be attributed to the fluidassisted dissolution and recrystallization of protolith ***,coesite inclusions that would have been expected to occur only in young zircon rims formed duri

关键词： Subduction zone Fluid action Metasomatism Zircon O isotope U-Pb dating

Fractionation of soil organic carbon in a calcareous soil after longterm tillage and straw residue management

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第12期21卷 3611-3625页

作者： LI Teng-teng ZHANG Jiang-zhou ZHANG Hong-yan peter CHRISITE ZHANG Jun-ling Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems&CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Guangzhou 510650P.R.China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University/National Academy of Agriculture Green Development/Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationBeijing 100193P.R.China College of Resources and Environment/International Magnesium Institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002P.R.China

No-tillage(NT)and straw return(S)collectively affect soil organic carbon(SOC).However,changes in the organic carbon pool have been ***,we assessed the quantity and quality of SOC after 11 years of tillage and straw return on the North China *** of SOC and its labile fractions(particulate organic carbon(POC),potassium permanganate-oxidizable organic carbon(POXC),microbial biomass carbon(MBC),and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)),components of DOC by fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC),and the chemical composition of SOC by 13C NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance)spectroscopy were *** comprised conventional tillage(CT)and NT under straw removal(S0),return of wheat straw only(S1),or return of both wheat straw and maize residue(S2).Straw return significantly increased the concentrations and stocks of SOC at 0–20 cm depth,but NT stratified them with enrichment at 0–10 cm and a decrease at 10–20 cm compared to CT,especially under *** C fractions showed similar patterns of variation to that of SOC,with POC and POXC more sensitive to straw return and the former more sensitive to *** fluorescence components of DOC were identified,mainly comprising humic-like substances with smaller amounts of fulvic acid-like substances and *** return significantly decreased the fluorescence index(FI)and autochthonous index(BIX)and increased the humification index(HIX).No-tillage generally increased HIX in topsoil but decreased it and increased the FI and BIX below the *** abudance order of the chemical composition of SOC was:O-alkyl C>alkylC>aromatic-C>***,NT under S2 effectively increased SOC and its labile C forms and DOC humification in topsoil and microbially-derived DOC below the *** of both wheat and maize straw was a decisive factor in promoting SOC in the plow *** stratification of SOC under NT may confer a long-term influence on

关键词： soil organic carbon labile C fractions EEM fluorescence PARAFAC analysis 13C NMR spectrometry

Emerging role of dual biologic therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第12期11卷 2621-2630页

作者： Matthew D McCormack Natasha A Wahedna David Aldulaimi peter Hawker Department of Gastroenterology South Warwickshire NHS Foundation TrustWarwick HospitalWarwick CV345BWUnited Kingdom

Biologic agents have now been used in the management of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)for many years where experience,expertise and confidence in their use has developed over *** the United Kingdom,there are well established guidelines and recommendations for both single agent biologic treatments,and with combination therapy of a biologic agent with a small molecule agent in maintenance *** recent times,there has been increasing interest and experience using dual biologic therapy(DBT)in IBD,primarily in difficult to treat and refractory cases with high disease ***,published data on use,experience and safety profiles is limited and large-scale studies remain low in number in this developing *** therefore aim to present a summary and review of the available published data in this area to help us better understand the emerging role of DBT in IBD.

关键词： Dual biologic therapy Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Combination therapy Biologic safety

Impact of dietary fat levels and fatty acid composition on milk fat synthesis in sows at peak lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1134-1149页

作者： Li Zhe Uffe Krogh Charlotte Lauridsen Mette Olaf Nielsen Zhengfeng Fang peter Kappel Theil Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationAnimal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural University211 Huimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengdu 611130China Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Aarhus UniversityFoulumDk‑8830 TjeleDenmark

Background Dietary fat is important for energy provision and immune function of lactating sows and their ***,knowledge on the impact of fat on mammary transcription of lipogenic genes,de novo fat synthesis,and milk fatty acid(FA)output is sparse in *** study aimed to evaluate impacts of dietary fat levels and FA composition on these traits in *** second-parity sows(Danish Landrace×Yorkshire)were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments from d 108 of gestation until weaning(d 28 of lactation):low-fat control diet(3%added animal fat);or 1 of 4 high-fat diets with 8%added fat:coconut oil(CO),fish oil(FO),sunflower oil(SO),or 4%octanoic acid plus 4%FO(OFO).Three approaches were taken to estimate de novo milk fat synthesis from glucose and body *** Daily intake of FA was lowest in low-fat sows within fat levels(P<0.01)and in OFO and FO sows within highfat diets(P<0.01).Daily milk outputs of fat,FA,energy,and FA-derived carbon reflected to a large extent the intake of *** average,estimates for de novo fat synthesis were 82 or 194 g/d from glucose according to method 1 or 2 and 255 g de novo+mobilized FA/d according to method *** low-fat diet increased mammary FAS expression(P<0.05)and de novo fat synthesis(method 1;P=0.13)within fat *** OFO diet increased de novo fat synthesis(method 1;P<0.05)and numerically upregulated mammary FAS expression compared to the other high-fat *** diets,a daily intake of 440 g digestible FA minimized milk fat originating from glucose and mobilized body *** Sows fed diets with low-fat or octanoic acid,through upregulating FAS expression,increased mammary de novo fat synthesis whereas the milk FA output remained low in sows fed the low-fat diet or high-fat OFO or FO diets,indicating that dietary FA intake,dietary fat level,and body fat mobilization in concert determine de novo fat synthesis,amount and profiles of FA in milk.

关键词： Carbon metabolism De novo fat synthesis Dietary fatty acid Fat balance Mammary gene expression Mammary lipogenesis Milk fat production Piglet growth

AG Channel Measurements and Characteristics Analysis in Hilly Scenarios for 6G UAV Communications

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China Communications 2022年第11期19卷 32-46页

作者： Chongyang Yu Yu Liu Hengtai Chang Jingfan Zhang Mengjiao Zhang peter Poechmueller Chengxiang Wang School of Microelectronics Shandong UniversityNo.1500Shunhua RoadGaoxin DistrictJinan 250101China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNo.2SipailouXuanwu DistrictNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories No.9Mozhou East RoadJiangning DistrictNanjing 211111China

As an important part of sixth generation(6G)integrated space-air-ground-sea networks,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communications have aroused great attention and one of its typical application scenarios is the hilly *** related UAV air-ground(AG)channel characteristics analysis is crucial for system design and network evaluation of future UAV communications in hilly *** this paper,a recently conducted channel measurements campaign in a hilly scenario is presented,which is conducted at the center frequencies of 2.585 GHz and 3.5 GHz for different flight *** on the measurement data,some key channel characteristics are analyzed,including path loss(PL),shadow fading(SF),Rician K-factor,root mean square(RMS)delay spread(DS),and temporal auto-correlation function(ACF).Finally,the comparison of typical channel characteristics under circular and straight trajectories is *** related results can provide a theoretical reference for constructing future UAV communication system in hilly scenarios.

关键词： UAV communications channel measurements channel characteristics hilly scenarios 6G