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Individual effect of Y and Nd on the microstructure formation of Mg-Y-Nd alloys processed by severe plastic deformation and their effect on the subsequent mechanical and corrosion properties

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 509-521页

作者： Maria Zemkova peter Minarik Jan Dittrich Jan Bohlen Robert Kral Charles University Department of Physics of MaterialsKe Karlovu 512116PragueCzechia University of Zilina Research CentreUniverzitna8215/1Zilina01026Slovakia Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon21502GeesthachtGermany

This work investigated the effect of sole yttrium and neodymium alloying on the microstructure formation during severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) and an impact on the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of binary Mg-3Y and Mg-3Nd *** results are compared with a ternary Mg-4Y-3Nd alloy,which represents a simplified version of the commercially successful WE43 *** extensive study comprises a thorough microstructural analysis performed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy,including electron backscatter diffraction and texture analysis performed by X-ray *** is shown that the presence of Nd primarily caused precipitation during the processing of the Mg-3Nd alloy,while Y remained dissolved in the magnesium matrix in the Mg-3Y *** difference resulted in a significantly smaller average grain size in the Mg-3Y alloy(~0.77 nm) than in the Mg-3Nd alloy(~1.3 μm) after the final step of the processing and formation of a slightly different ***,the composition and the processing affected the mechanical and corrosion properties of the investigated materials,measured by compression deformation tests,microhardness measurement,and electrochemical impedance *** study shows that the ECAP-processed W3 sample exhibits a surprisingly good combination of ultrafine-grain structure,weak crystallographic texture,high strength,and high corrosion resistance compared with the other investigated *** attributes make this material very interesting for utilisation in the industry and/or medicine.

关键词： Magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Texture Mechanical strength Corrosion

Quantitative disease resistance:Multifaceted players in plant defense

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第2期65卷 594-610页

作者： Mingyue Gou peter Balint-Kurti Mingliang Xu Qin Yang State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCenter for Crop Genome EngineeringCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002China Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Plant Science Research Unit USDA-ARSRaleighNC 27695USA State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Maize Improvement CenterCenter for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgronomyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Key Laboratory of Maize Biology and Genetic Breeding in Arid Area of Northwest Region of the Ministry of AgricultureCollege of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

In contrast to large-effect qualitative disease resistance,quantitative disease resistance(QDR)exhibits partial and generally durable resistance and has been extensively utilized in crop *** molecular mechanisms underlying QDR remain largely unknown but considerable progress has been made in this area in recent *** this review,we summarize the genes that have been associated with plant QDR and their biological *** QDR genes belong to the canonical resistance gene categories with predicted functions in pathogen perception,signal transduction,phytohormone homeostasis,metabolite transport and biosynthesis,and epigenetic ***,other"atypical"QDR genes are predicted to be involved in processes that are not commonly associated with disease resistance,such as vesicle trafficking,molecular chaperones,and *** diversity of function for QDR genes contrasts with qualitative resistance,which is often based on the actions of nucleotidebinding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)resistance *** understanding of the diversity of QDR mechanisms and of which mechanisms are effective against which classes of pathogens will enable the more effective deployment of QDR to produce more durably resistant,resilient crops.

关键词： biological function durable resistance plant defense quantitative disease resistance(QDR)

Attentiveness to Early Warning Drought Information:Implications for Policy Support and Climate Risk Reduction in Ghana

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 25-37页

作者： peter Dok Tindan Divine Odame Appiah Alexander Yao Segbefia Department of Geography and Rural Development Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAshanti RegionGhana

Successful drought planning is dependent on the generation of timely and accurate early warning *** there is little evidence to explain the extent to which crop farmers pay attention to and assimilate early warning drought information that aids in the policy formulation in support of drought risk reduction.A socioecological survey,using a structured questionnaire administered to 426 crop farming households,was carried out in the Talensi District of the Upper East Region,*** data analytic techniques used were frequency tables,relative importance index,and multinomial logistics embedded in SPSS v.20 *** results show that crop farmers predominantly rely on agricultural extension officers for early warning drought information,with an estimated 78% of them paying little to very much attention to the *** likelihood ratio Chi-square test showed that there is a significant improvement in fit as X^(2)(20)=96.792,p<*** status,average monthly income,and age were the significant predictors for crop farmers paying no attention at all to early warning drought information,while household status was the only significant factor among those paying a little *** drive to build a climate-resilient society with effective early warning centers across Ghana will receive 60% lower support from crop farmers paying no to a little attention as compared to farmers paying very much attention to early warning drought *** stakeholder engagements should be carried out to harness inclusive support from crop farmers to build a climate-resilient society in Ghana.

关键词： Attentiveness to early drought warning Climate risk Drought risk reduction Ghana

Quantum Atmospheric Biophysics: A Comparison of Four Weather Stations in India on Average Monthly Temperatures Since 1892 and Forecasts to 2150

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2023年第1期5卷 17-32页

作者： Mazurkin peter Matveevich Volga State University of Technology Yoshkar-Olathe Republic of Mari El424000Russia

The identification method revealed asymmetric wavelets of dynamics, as fractal quanta of the behavior of the surface air layer at a height of 2 m, according to the average monthly temperature at four weather stations in India (Srinagar, Jolhpur, New Delhi and Guvahati). For Srinagar station, the maximum for all years is observed in July, for Jolhpur and New Delhi stations it shifts to June, and for Guvahati it shifts to August. With a high correlation coefficient of 0.9659, 0.8640 and 0.8687, a three-factor model of the form was obtained. The altitude, longitude and latitude of the station are given sequentially. The hottest month for Srinagar over a period of 130 years is in July. At the same time, the temperature increased from 23.4 °C to 24.2 °C (by 3.31%). A noticeable decrease in the intensity of heat flows in June occurred at Jolhpur (over 125 years, a decrease from 36.2 °C to 33.3 °C, or by 8.71%) and New Delhi (over 90 years, a decrease from 35.1 °C to 32.4 °C, or by 7.69%). For almost 120 years, Guvahati has experienced complex climate changes: In 1902, the hottest month was July, but in 2021 it has shifted to August. The increase in temperature at various stations is considered. At Srinagar station in 2021, compared to 1892, temperatures increased in June, September and October. Guvahati has a 120-year increase in December, January, March and April. Temperatures have risen in February, March and April at Jolhpur in 125 years, but have risen in February and March at New Delhi Station in 90 years. Despite the presence of tropical evergreen forests, the area around Guvahati Station is expected to experience strong warming.

关键词： India 4 weather stations Average monthly temperature Waves of behavior Sum of wavelets Verification Forecasts

Visual representation of ASUU strikes in Nigeria:a semiotic analysis of cartoons in selected Nigerian newspapers

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2023年第2期9卷 242-262页

作者： peter Oyewole Makinde Department of Linguistics Faculty of ArtsNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria

Until recently,the study of language and meaning of cartoons,the media discourses they generate,and their analysis as a creative means of exploring meaning-making processes as semiotic resources have not received much scholarly attention in *** cartoons that involve the use of satire and humour as visual representations of reality have gained prominence across many media platforms in Nigeria,only a few scholars have examined this from a social semiotics *** has created a gap in the literature,thus creating room for a para-digm shift in the field of social *** study explores the semiotics of car-toons in selected Nigerian newspapers to examine the meaning-making resources employed in the visual representation of ASUU strikes in *** study,there-fore,examines how cartoonists manipulate symbols,signs,and other semiotic resources to convey specific meanings through visual and textual *** study adopts a qualitative research design;data comprising cartoons sourced from selected Vanguard Newspapers and websites are analyzed using Kress and Van Leeuwen's visual semiotics and interpreted from the standpoints of Halliday's Systematic Functional Linguistics(SFL)approach and O'Halloran's position on metaphorical constructions of ***,metaphorical manipulation and rep-resentation of visual elements in the selected cartoons are *** from the study show the use of semiotic resources in the portrayer of reality in the context of the seemingly intractable ASUU strikes and their consequences on aca-demic activities in *** scholarly intervention deserves attention as it significantly contributes to the field of social semiotics through its visual represen-tation in portraying challenges faced by the educational systems in Nigeria vis-a-vis poorgovernment funding.

关键词： 2022 ASUU strike cartoons Nigeria SFL social semiotics visual representation

Measurable residual disease in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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Blood Science 2022年第4期4卷 209-210页

作者： Robert peter Gale Haematology Research Centre Department of Immunology and InflammationImperial CollegeLondon W12 ONNUK

In a recent report in Nature Cell Biology(2022.24:242–52)Zhang and coworkers discuss comparative genetic and biochemical features of leukemia cells from children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)obtained at diagnosis,in remission,and at relapse.1 The authors analyzed large numbers of single-cell transcriptomes looking for dynamic changes and simultaneously,B-cell receptor *** report that in contrast to leukemia cells at diagnosis,those at relapse shifted to a poorly-differentiated *** in residual leukemia cells in remission were more complicated.

关键词： diagnosis lymphoblastic acute

Preparation and characterization of tea tree oil-β-cyclodextrin microcapsules with super-high encapsulation efficiency

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生物质资源与工程(英文) 2023年第3期8卷 224-234页

作者： Peifu Kong Junichi peter Abe Shunsuke Masuo Toshiharu Enomae Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences University of TsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of TsukubaIbaraki305-8572Japan

This study aimed to prepare tea tree oil-β-cyclodextrin microcapsules using an optimized co-precipitated *** impact of the volume fraction of ethanol in the solvent system for microencapsulation on encapsulation efficiency was investigated and analyzed ***-high encapsulation efficiency was achieved when a 40%volume fraction of ethanol was used for the microencapsulation procedure,where the recovery yield of microcapsules and the embedding fraction of tea tree oil in microcapsules were as high as 88.3%and 94.3%,***,considering the operation cost,including time and energy consumption,an economical preparation was validated so that it would be viable for large-scale *** on the results of morphological and X-ray diffraction analysis,the crystal structure appeared to differ before and after *** results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful formation of ***,the antibacterial activity of the fabricated microcapsules was assessed by a simple growth inhibition test using Bacillus subtilis as the study object,and the hydrophilic property was proved by a water contact angle measurement.

关键词： β-cyclodextrin Co-precipitation Encapsulation efficiency Microcapsule Tea tree oil

A generic and extensible model for the martensite start temperature incorporating thermodynamic data mining and deep learning framework

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 31-43页

作者： Chenchong Wang Kaiyu Zhu peter Hedström Yong Li Wei Xu State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden

The martensite start temperature is a critical parameter for steels with metastable *** numerous models have been developed to predict the martensite start(Ms)temperature,the complexity of the martensitic transformation greatly limits their performance and *** this work,we apply deep data mining of thermodynamic calculations and deep learning to develop a generic model for *** data mining was used to establish a hierarchical database with three levels of ***,a convolutional neural network model,which can accurately treat the hierarchical data structure,was used to obtain the final *** integrating thermodynamic calculations,traditional machine learning and deep learning modeling,the final predictor model shows excellent generalizability and extensibility,*** performance both within and beyond the composition range of the original *** effects of 15 alloying elements were considered successfully using the proposed *** work suggests that,with the help of deep data mining considering the physical mechanisms,deep learning methods can partially mitigate the challenge with limited data in materials science and provide a means for solving complex problems with small databases.

关键词： Martensite transformation Data mining Deep learning Extensibility Small-sample problem

The role of radiotherapy in metastatic bladder cancer

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 553-563页

作者： Jananie Perera peter Hoskin Mount Vernon Cancer Centre Rickmansworth RoadNorthwoodMiddlesex HA62RNUK Division of Cancer Sciences University of ManchesterManchester M204GJUK

The management of metastatic bladder cancer is *** outcomes are achieved in those who are fit enough for systemic *** place of radiotherapy in these patients is mainly for symptom control,in particular ***,a small proportion,especially those with oligometastases,will benefit from more radical *** this review,we look at the evidence currently available for radiotherapy in this setting.

关键词： Bladder cancer radiotherapy oligo metastases haematuria bone metastases brain metastases