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A cautionary note on decadal sea level pressure predictions from GCMs

Advances in Climate Change Research 2018年第1期9卷 43-56页

作者： Stefan LIESS peter k.snyder Arjun kUMAR Vipin kUMAR Department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaSt.Paul MN 55108USA Computer Science&Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA

A comparison of sea level pressure(SLP)trends in a subset of seven Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP)phase 5 general circulation models(GCM),namely decadal simulations with CCSM4,CanCM4,MPI-ESM-LR,FGOALS-g2,MIROC4h,MIROC5,and MRICGCM3,to their CMIP3 counterparts reveals an unrealistically strong forecast skill in CMIP3 models for trend predictions for 2001e2011 when using the 1979e2000 period to train the ***-winter SLP trends over five high-,mid-,and low-latitude zones were calculated over the 1979e2000 initialization period for each ensemble member and then ranked based on their performance relative to HadSLP2 *** same method is used to rank the ensemble members during the 2001e2011 *** CMIP3,17 out of 38 ensemble members retain their rank in the 2001e2011 hindcast period and 3 retain the neighboring ***,numbers are much lower in more recent CMIP5 decadal predictions over the similar 2001e2010 period when using the 1981e2000 period as initialization with the same number of *** periods were used for CMIP3 and CMIP5 because although the 1979e2000 initialization is widely used for CMIP3,CMIP5 decadal predictions are only available for 30-year *** conclusion to consider the forecast skill in CMIP3 predictions during 2001e2011 as unrealistic is corroborated by comparisons to earlier periods from the 1960s to the 1980s in both CMIP3 and CMIP5 ***,although the 2001e2011 CMIP3 predictions show statistically significant forecast skill,this skill should be treated as a spurious result that is unlikely to be reproduced by newer more accurate GCMs.

关键词： sea level pressure CMIP3 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project

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Building details / ++Frank M. snyder ; introduction by peter Pennoyer and Anne Walker ; in association with the Institute of Classical Architecture and Classical America.

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1000年

作者： Frank M. snyder introduction by peter Pennoyer and Anne Walker in association with the Institute of Classical Architecture and Classical America.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: (纸本)9780393732450;0393732452

Includes bibliographical references and index.

关键词： Architecture Architectural drawing

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English And Chinese Idioms“Off The Cuff”

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玉溪师范学院学报 1992年第4期8卷 81-90页

作者： peter snyder 李文奉

Idiom在英语中的定义为an expression with a meaning that can’t beguessed from the meanings of the individual words.(不能从字面判断其意义的固定词组)。例如:rain cats and dogs(倾盆大雨)这个idiom的含义并非这三个词(rain+cats+dogs)的表面意义相加。这个定义并不完全与汉语“成语”的定义对等。因为汉语中“不能从字面判断其意义的词组”还包括了“成语”

关键词：固定词组 idiom 对应词对等词 trouble Off The Cuff 破釜沉船文学作品 bread talking

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汉英谚语“漫谈”

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玉溪师范学院学报 1993年第2期9卷 45-53,44页

作者：李文奉 peter snyder

“最干净的水是泉水,最精炼的话是谚语”(哈萨克族谚语)。谚语被人们称为“智慧的花朵”、“词库中的钻石”,它们象一颗颗璀璨夺目的明珠,使我们的语言变到锦上添花,引人入胜。如果我们的学生能在说和写的当中适当使用一些谚语的话,那么... 详细信息

“最干净的水是泉水,最精炼的话是谚语”(哈萨克族谚语)。谚语被人们称为“智慧的花朵”、“词库中的钻石”,它们象一颗颗璀璨夺目的明珠,使我们的语言变到锦上添花,引人入胜。如果我们的学生能在说和写的当中适当使用一些谚语的话,那么,他们英语表达的语势就会大大增强。我们合写本文的目的就是借助汉英谚语的比较,使我们的学生了解掌握一些英语中最常见的谚语。

关键词：英语表达语势汉语成语合写吠犬 Truth comes teach hedge think

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HACCP策略的有效清洁、保养和疾病控制程序

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清洗世界 2005年第3期21卷 24-27页

作者： O. peter snyder Jr 李树国 Hospitality Institute of Technology and Management

对食品加工行业,在利用HACCP(危害分析临界控制点)策略时,对清洁、保养和疾病控制程序进行叙述。

关键词： HACCP策略清洁保养疾病控制食品加工

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儿童食管异物500例

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第A10期2卷 37-38页

作者： Little D.C. Shah S.R. St peter S.D. C.L. snyder 刘凯 Department of Surgery Children' s Mercy Hospital Kansas City MO 64108 United States

Background: Children with esophageal foreign bodies are frequently seen by pediatric surgeons. Choking and dysphagia are common presentations; however, esophageal perforation has been reported. Historically, rigid esophagoscopy with extraction of the foreign body has been the recommended treatment. Alternatively, Foley balloon extraction is a safe and effective approach. Methods: Over a 16- year period, 555 children presented with an esophageal foreign body. Retrospective analysis of the medical record was undertaken. Statistics were by univariate analysis. Results: Two hundred ninety- eight boys and 257 girls presented with a mean age of 3.24 years. Dysphagia (37% ) and drooling (31% ) were the most common symptoms. Foreign bodies were lodged in the superior esophagus in 73% , and 88% of the objects were coins. Balloon extraction with fluoroscopy was performed in 468 children. Eighty percent of the objects were successfully removed with a mean fluoroscopy time of 2.2 min, and 8% were advanced into the stomach. The overall success rate was 88% , with failures necessitating rigid esophagoscopy under general anesthesia. Children younger than 1 year were the most likely to fail (25% failure rate). Airway aspiration never occurred. Significant savings in patient charges were observed with this approach. Conclusions: Balloon extraction of pediatric esophageal foreign bodies is a safe and cost- effective procedure. This technique is applicable for infants, children, and adolescents. Experienced practitioners should be able to achieve greater than 80% success rate.

关键词：儿童食管异物异物取出术小儿外科咽下困难医疗记录食管穿孔照射时间食管镜男性患儿食管上

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如果IT业的客户是司机,那么,谁是乘客？

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日用电器 2007年第3期 31-32页

作者： Bob snyder 方小宽

Gartner Research高级副总裁及研究中心全球总监peter Sondergaard在CeBIT上表示:“我们可以很负责地告诉那些IT经理们,IT消费者化(consumerisation)已经到来,不要否认!更不要试图和他们作对,因为那样你肯定会失败。”

关键词： IT业 Gartner 司机客户乘客 peter CeBIT 消费者

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What does the development of medical tourism in Barbados hold for health equity?an exploratory qualitative case study

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Global Health Research and Policy 2017年第1期2卷 324-332页

作者： Ronald Labonté Vivien Runnels Valorie A.Crooks Rory Johnston Jeremy snyder Globalization and Health Equity Research Unit Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Ottawa850 Peter Morand CrescentOttawaON K1G 5Z3Canada Department of Geography Simon Fraser University8888 University DriveBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada Faculty of Health Sciences Simon Fraser University8888 University DriveBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada

Background:Although the global growth of privatized health care services in the form of medical tourism appears to generate economic benefits,there is debate about medical tourism’s impacts on health equity in countries that receive medical *** of the processes of economic globalization in relation to social determinants of health suggest that medical tourism’s impacts on health equity can be both direct and ***,a small Caribbean nation which has universal public health care,private sector health care and a strong tourism industry,is interested in developing an enhanced medical tourism *** order to appreciate Barbadians’understanding of how a medical tourism industry might impact health ***:We conducted 50 individual and small-group interviews in Barbados with stakeholders including government officials,business and health *** interviews were coded and analyzed deductively using the schedule’s questions,and inductively for novel findings,and discussed by the ***:The findings suggest that in spite of Barbados’universal health care and strong population health indicators,there is expressed concern for medical tourism’s impact on health *** pointed to the direct ways in which the domestic population might access more health care through medical tourism and how privately-provided medical tourism in Barbados could provide health benefits indirectly to the Barbadian *** the same time,they cautioned that these benefits may not *** example,the transfer of public resources-health workers,money,infrastructure and equipment-to the private sector to support medical tourism with little to no return to government revenues could result in health inequity through reductions in access to and availability of health care for ***:In clarifying the direct and indirect pathways by which medical tourism can impact health equity,these findings have implications for h

关键词： Medical tourism Health equity Population health Barbados Access to health care

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