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Impact of a national basic skills in colonoscopy course on trainee performance: An interrupted time series analysis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第23期26卷 3283-3292页

作者： Keith Siau james Hodson John T Anderson Roland Valori Geoff smith Paul Hagan Marietta Iacucci Paul Dunckley Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Royal College of PhysiciansLondon NW14LEUnited Kingdom NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of Translational Medicine University Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Gloucestershire Hospitals NHSFTCheltenham GL537ANUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Imperial College NHS Foundation TrustLondon NW14LEUnited Kingdom Endoscopy Department Derby Royal HospitalDerby GL13NNUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy basic skills in colonoscopy(BSC) course was introduced in 2009 to improve colonoscopy training within the United Kingdom, but its impact on trainee performance is *** To assess whether attendance of the BSC could improve colonoscopy *** Trainees awarded colonoscopy certification between 2011-2016 were stratified into 3 groups according to pre-course procedure count( 140).Study outcomes, comprising the unassisted caecal intubation rate(CIR) and the performance indicator of colonic intubation(PICI), were studied over the 50 procedures pre and post-course. Interrupted time series analyses were performed to detect step-change changes attributable to the *** A total of 369 trainees with pre-course procedure counts of 140(n = 130) were included. Over the 50 pre-course procedures,significant linear improvements in CIR were found, with average increases of 4.2,3.6 and 1.7 percentage points(pp) per 10 procedures performed in the 140 groups respectively(all P 140(86% to 87%;P = 0.354) groups. For PICI, significant step-change improvements were seen in all three groups, with average increases of 5.6 pp(P < 0.001), 5.4 pp(P = 0.003) and 3.9 pp(P = 0.014) *** Attendance of the BSC was associated with a significant step-change improvement in PICI, regardless of prior procedural experience. However, CIR data suggest that the optimal timing of course attendance appears to be at earlier stages of training(< 70 procedures).

关键词： Colonoscopy Training Course Competency development Skills Endoscopy

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Taxonomic and metabolic shifts in the Coorong bacterial metagenome driven by salinity and external inputs

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2033-2049页

作者： Kelly NEWTON Thomas C.JEFFRIES Renee J.smith Justin R.SEYMOUR Laurent SEURONT james G.MITCHELL School of Biological Sciences Flinders University School of Science and Health Western Sydney University Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer Flinders University Climate Change Cluster University of Technology Sydney Centre National de la Recherche Scientifi que Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences

The Coorong estuary lies at the terminus of Australia's largest river system, the Murray-Darling; both are strongly influenced by human activities; including farming and extensive flow modification. Metagenomic approaches were used to determine the planktonic bacterial community composition and potential metabolic function at two extremes in the Coorong, the river mouth which exhibits marine-like salinity, and the hypersaline upper-reaches of the estuary. Significant shifts in taxa and metabolic function were seen between the two sites. The river mouth exhibited an increase in abundance of R hodobacteriaceae and Alteromonadaceae; families readily able to adapt to change in nutrient conditions; and the potentially pathogenic families B rucellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. Metabolisms over-represented include motility and chemotaxis, RNA metabolism and membrane transport, all of which are involved in actively searching for and obtaining nutrients. Also over-represented were metabolisms involved in population succession and stress response. An over-representation of taxa and metabolisms indicative of environmental change is reflective of anthropogenically af fected riverine input. In the hypersaline upper reaches of the estuary, the halophilic family Ectothiorhodospiraceae was over-represented, as were the families Flavobacteriaceae, Cytophagaceae and Nocardioidaceae, members of which are able to survive over a wide salinity range. Metabolisms over-represented here were reflective of increased bacterial growth, characteristic of hypersaline environments, and included DNA metabolism, nucleotide and nucleoside synthesis and cell cycle. Coorong metagenomes clustered taxonomically and metabolically with other planktonic metagenomes, but remained an outlier of this group with only 71% and 84% similarity, respectively. This indicates that the Coorong exhibits a unique planktonic bacterial community that is influenced by riverine input at the river mouth and sali

关键词： hypersaline estuary bacteria taxonomy metabolic potential

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A novel Cu-bearing high-entropy alloy with significant antibacterial behavior against corrosive marine biofilms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第11期42卷 201-210页

作者： Enze Zhou Dongxu Qiao Yi Yang Dake Xu Yiping Lu Jianjun Wang Jessica A.smith Huabing Li Hongliang Zhao peter K.Liaw Fuhui Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotrotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology(Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State University1615 Stanley StreetNew BritainCT 06050USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University100 Kexue AvenueZhengzhou 450001China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

The design of novel high-entropy alloys(HEAs)provides a unique opportunity for the development of structure-function integrated materials with high mechanical and antimicrobial *** this study,by employing the antibacterial effect of copper,a novel Al0.4CoCrCuFeNi HEA with broad-spectrum antibacterial and strong mechanical properties was *** concentrations of copper ions released from the HEA prevented growth and biofilm formation by biocorrosive marine bacterial *** findings serve as a proof-of-concept for further development of unique HEA materials with high antimicrobial efficiency and mechanical properties,compared to conventional antibacterial alloys.

关键词： High entropy alloys Biofilms Antibacterial property Mechanical properties

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Impact of Varying Light and Dew on Ground Cover Estimates from Active NDVI,RGB,and LiDAR

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 263-276页

作者： David M.Deery David J.smith Robert Davy Jose A.Jimenez-Berni Greg J.Rebetzke Richard A.james CSIRO Agriculture and Food CanberraACTAustralia CSIRO Agriculture and Food YancoNSWAustralia CSIRO Information Management and Technology CanberraACTAustralia Instituto Agricultura Sostenible Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientificasCordobaSpain

Canopy ground cover(GC)is an important agronomic measure for evaluating crop establishment and early *** study evaluates the reliability of GC estimates,in the presence of varying light and dew on leaves,from three different ground-based sensors:(1)normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)from the commercially available GreenSeeker®;(2)RGB images from a digital camera,where GC was determined as the portion of pixels from each image meeting a greenness criterion(i.e.,ðGreen−RedÞ/ðGreen+RedÞ>0);and(3)LiDAR using two separate approaches:(a)GC from LiDAR red reflectance(whereby red reflectance less than five was classified as vegetation)and(b)GC from LiDAR height(whereby height greater than 10 cm was classified as vegetation).Hourly measurements were made early in the season at two different growth stages(tillering and stem elongation),among wheat genotypes highly diverse for canopy *** active NDVI showed the least variation through time and was particularly stable,regardless of the available light or the presence of *** addition,between-sample-time Pearson correlations for NDVI were consistently high and significant(P<0:0001),ranging from 0.89 to *** comparison,GC from LiDAR and RGB showed greater variation across sampling times,and LiDAR red reflectance was strongly influenced by the presence of *** times when the light was exceedingly low,correlations between GC from RGB and NDVI were consistently high(ranging from 0.79 to 0.92).The high reliability of the active NDVI sensor potentially affords a high degree of flexibility for users by enabling sampling across a broad range of acceptable light conditions.

关键词： LiDAR reflectance Impact

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Biomaterials for immunomodulation in wound healing

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第5期3卷 1-22页

作者： Ying Wang Katrina Vizely Chen Yu Li Karen Shen Amid Shakeri Ramak Khosravi james Ryan smith Eugene Alfonzo II Alteza Yimu Zhao Milica Radisic Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G9Canada Toronto General Research Institute University Health NetworkTorontoON M5G 2C4 Canada Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3E5Canada Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710USA Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular&Biomolecular Research University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3E1Canada

The substantial economic impact of non-healing wounds,scarring,and burns stemming from skin injuries is evident,resulting in a financial burden on both patients and the healthcare *** review paper provides an overview of the skin’s vital role in guarding against various environmental challenges as the body’s largest protective organ and associated developments in biomaterials for wound *** first introduce the composition of skin tissue and the intricate processes of wound healing,with special attention to the crucial role of immunomodulation in both acute and chronic *** highlights how the imbalance in the immune response,particularly in chronic wounds associated with underlying health conditions such as diabetes and immunosuppression,hinders normal healing ***,this review distinguishes between traditional wound-healing strategies that create an optimal microenvironment and recent peptide-based biomaterials that modulate cellular processes and immune responses to facilitate wound ***,we highlight the importance of considering the stages of wounds in the healing *** integrating advanced materials engineering with an in-depth understanding of wound biology,this approach holds promise for reshaping the field of wound management and ultimately offering improved outcomes for patients with acute and chronic wounds.

关键词： immunomodulation peptide-based biomaterials innate immunity angiogenesis for wound healing cellular response

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THE TOY STORE

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2015年第12期 24-24,52页

作者： Ruth Devlin peter smith

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Model selection for seasonal influenza forecasting

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第1期2卷 56-70页

作者： Alexander E.Zarebski peter Dawson james M.McCaw Robert Moss School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Land Personnel Protection Branch Land DivisionDefence Science and Technology OrganisationMelbourneAustralia Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Modelling&Simulation Murdoch Childrens Research InstituteRoyal Childrens HospitalMelbourneAustralia

Epidemics of seasonal influenza inflict a huge burden in temperate climes such as Melbourne(Australia)where there is also significant variability in their timing and *** filters combined with mechanistic transmission models for the spread of influenza have emerged as a popular method for forecasting the progression of these *** extensive research it is still unclear what the optimal models are for forecasting influenza,and how one even measures forecast *** this paper,we present a likelihood-based method,akin to Bayes factors,for model selection when the aim is to select for predictive ***,“predictive skill”is measured by the probability of the data after the forecasting date,conditional on the data from before the forecasting *** this method we choose an optimal model of influenza transmission to forecast the number of laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza in Melbourne in each of the 2010e15 *** basic transmission model considered has the susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered structure with extensions allowing for the effects of absolute humidity and inhomogeneous mixing in the *** neither of the extensions provides a significant improvement in fit to the data they do differ in terms of their predictive *** measurements of absolute humidity and a sinusoidal approximation of those measurements are observed to increase the predictive skill of the forecasts,while allowing for inhomogeneous mixing reduces the *** discuss how our work could be integrated into a forecasting system and how the model selection method could be used to evaluate forecasts when comparing to multiple surveillance systems providing disparate views of influenza activity.

关键词： mixing inhomogeneous absolute

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