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Predicting localised corrosion and mechanical performance of a PEO surface modified rare earth magnesium alloy for implant use through in-silico modelling

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第8期26卷 437-451页

作者： Kerstin van Gaalen Conall Quinn Marek Weiler Felix Gremse Felix Benn peter E.McHugh Ted j.Vaughan Alexander Kopp Biomechanics Research Centre(BioMEC) Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland Meotec GmbH AachenGermany Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Gremse-IT GmbH AachenGermany School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom

In this study,the influence of a plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)surface treatment on a medical-grade WE43-based magnesium alloy is examined through an experimental and computational framework that considers the effects of localised corrosion features and mechanical properties throughout the corrosion ***,a comprehensive in-vitro immersion study was performed on WE43-based tensile specimens with and without PEO surface modification,which included fully automated spatial reconstruction of the phenomenological features of corrosion through micro-CT scanning,followed by uniaxial tensile *** the experimental data of both unmodified and PEO-modified groups were used to calibrate parameters of a finite element-based surface corrosion ***-vitro,it was found that the WE43-PEO modified group had a significantly lower corrosion rate and maintained significantly higher mechanical properties than the *** corrosion rates were~50%lower in the WE43-PEO modified specimens,the local geometric features of corroding surfaces remained similar to the unmodified WE43 group,however evolving after almost the double amount of *** were also able to quantitatively demonstrate that the PEO surface treatment on magnesium continued to protect samples from corrosion throughout the entire period tested,and not just in the early stages of *** the results from the testing framework,the model parameters of the surface-based corrosion model were identified for both *** enabled,for the first time,in-silico prediction of the physical features of corrosion and the mechanical performance of both unmodified and PEO modified magnesium *** simulation framework can enable future in-silico design and optimisation of bioabsorbable magnesium devices for load-bearing medical applications.

关键词： Plasma electrolytic oxidation WE43MEO Degradation model Corrosion phenomenology Mechanical integrity

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Room temperature synthesis of perylene diimides facilitated by high amic acid solubility

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第4期9卷 1090-1108页

作者： Markus C.Kwakernaak Marijn Koel peter j.L.van den Berg Erik M.Kelder Wolter F.jager Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftThe Netherlands Department of Radiation Science and Technology/Reactor Institute Delft Delft University of Technology2629 JB DelftThe Netherlands

A novel protocol for the synthesis of perylene diimides(PDIs),by reacting perylene dianhydride(PDA)with aliphatic amines is *** conversions were obtained at temperatures between 20 and 60℃,using DBU as the base in DM... 详细信息

关键词： synthesis solubility anhydride

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Nanoscale fluctuation of stacking fault energy strengthens multi-principal element alloys

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第27期158卷 218-225页

作者： Zongrui Pei Markus Eisenbach peter K.Liaw Mingwei Chen New York University New York 10012USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Engineering and Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA

Chemical randomness and the associated energy fluctuation are essential features of multi-principal ele-ment alloys(MPEAs).Due to these features,nanoscale stacking fault energy(SFE)fluctuation is a natural and independent contribution to strengthening ***,existing models for conventional alloys(i.e.,alloys with one principal element)cannot be applied to *** extreme values of SFEs required by such models are unknown for MPEAs,which need to calculate the nanoscale volume relevant to the SFE *** the present work,we developed an analytic model to evaluate the strengthening ef-fect through the SFE fluctuation,profuse in *** model has no adjustable parameters,and all parameters can be determined from experiments and ab initio *** model explains available experimental observations and provides insightful guidance for designing new MPEAs based on the SFE *** generally applies to MPEAs in random states and with chemical short-range order.

关键词： Nanoscale energy fluctuation Staking fault energy Chemical short-range order Multi-principal element alloy Mechanism

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Simulation and calibration of granules using the discrete element method

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 40-43页

作者： peter Müller jürgen Tomas Institute of Process Engineering Mechanical Process EngineeringOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

The discrete element method （DEM）, developed by Cundall and 5track to solve geomecnamcai problems, is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of granules. According to the DEM, an individ ual granule can be modeled as a realistic mechanical system consisting of primary particles bonded by interaction forces. Cranulometric properties of the model material, zeolite 4A, have been measured to determine their macro properties. To investigate the compression behavior, a compression test was performed using a strength tester on single granules between two pistons. A modeled granule consisting of more than 22,000 primary particles was generated. The micro properties of the modeled granule have been precisely set to allow its macro properties to be equivalent to the macro properties of zeolite 4A granules. To calibrate the mechanical properties, diametrical compression was simulated using two rigid walls stressed at a constant stressing velocity, The force-displacement curve of the modeled granule at compression has been calibrated by the experimental curve of zeolite 4A.

关键词： Discrete element method Material behavior Granulation

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Why do‘OFF’periods still occur during continuous drug delivery in Parkinson’s disease?

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 280-293页

作者： Silvia Rota Daniele Urso Daniel j.van Wamelen Valentina Leta Iro Boura Per Odin Alberto j.Espay peter jenner K.Ray Chaudhuri Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK Parkinson’s Foundation Centre of Excellence King’s College HospitalLondonUK Department of Neuroimaging Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain Department of Clinical Research in NeurologyUniversity of Bari‘Aldo Moro“Pia Fondazione Cardinale G.Panico”73039 TricaseItaly Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and BehaviourDepartment of NeurologyRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands School of Medicine University of CreteCreteGreece Department of Neurology University Hospital of HeraklionCreteGreece Division of Neurology Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute Gardner Family Center for Parkinson’s Disease and Movement DisordersDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Life Science and MedicineKing’s College LondonLondonUK.

Continuous drug delivery(CDD)is used in moderately advanced and late-stage Parkinson’s disease(PD)to control motor and non-motor fluctuations(‘OFF’periods).Transdermal rotigotine is indicated for early fluctuations,while subcutaneous apomorphine infusion and levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel are utilised in advanced *** three strategies are considered examples of continuous dopaminergic stimulation achieved through CDD.A central premise of the CDD is to achieve stable control of the parkinsonian motor and non-motor states and avoid emergence of‘OFF’***,data suggest that despite their efficacy in reducing the number and duration of‘OFF’periods,these strategies still do not prevent‘OFF’periods in the middle to late stages of PD,thus contradicting the widely held concepts of continuous drug delivery and continuous dopaminergic *** these emergent‘OFF’periods still occur is *** this review,we analyse the potential reasons for their *** contribution of drug-and device-related involvement,and the problems related to site-specific drug delivery are *** propose that changes in dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic mechanisms in the basal ganglia might render these persistent‘OFF’periods unresponsive to dopaminergic therapy delivered via CDD.

关键词： ‘OFF’periods Continuous drug delivery Continuous dopaminergic stimulation Rotigotine patch Subcutaneous apomorphine infusion Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel

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Global Reference Grids for Big Earth Data

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Big Earth Data 2022年第3期6卷 251-255页

作者： Robert G.Gibb Matthew B.j.Purss Zoheir Sabeur peter Strobl Tengteng Qu Manaaki Whenua–Landcare Research Palmerston NorthNew Zealand Pangaea Innovations Pty.Ltd CanberraAustralia Department of Computing and Informatics Talbot CampusUniversity of BournemouthBournemouthUK European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijingChina

The emerging field of Discrete Global Grid Systems(DGGS)provides a way to organise,store and analyse spatio-temporal data at multiple resolutions and scales(from near global scales down to microns).DGGS partition the entire planet into a discrete hierarchy of global tessellations of progressively finer resolution zones(or cells).Data integration,decomposition and aggregation are optimised by assigning a unique spatio-temporal identifier to each *** identifiers are encodings of both the zone’s location and its *** a result,complex multi-dimensional,multi-resolution spatio-temporal operations are simplified into sets of 1D array and filter operations.

关键词： operations simplified partition

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Designing an evidence-based free-flap pathway in head and neck reconstruction

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第2期8卷 126-132页

作者： Michelle Mark Michael Eggerstedt Matthew j.Urban Samer Al-Khudari Ryan Smith peter Revenaugh Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA

Background:The use of autologous free-tissue transfer is an increasingly utilized tool in the ladder of reconstructive options to preserve and restore function in patients with head and neck *** article focuses on the evidence surrounding perioperative care that optimizes surgical outcomes and describes one tertiary center's approach to standardized free-flap *** Sources:This article examines English literature from PubMed and offers expert opinion on perioperative free-flap care for head and neck ***:Free-flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer is a process that,while individualized for each patient,is best supported by a comprehensive and standardized care *** optimization begins in the preoperative phase and a thoughtful approach to intraprofessional communication and evidence-based practice is rewarded with improved outcomes.

关键词： facial plastics and reconstruction free-flap tissue transfer head and neck oncology

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Whatever happened to China’s neglected tropical diseases?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第5期8卷 1-3页

作者： peter j.Hotez Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology&MicrobiologyNational School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Hagler Institute for Advanced Studies at Texas A&M University College StationTXUSA Department of Biology Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA james A Baker III Institute of Public Policy Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

Before the founding of the People's Republic of China 70 years ago,both extreme poverty and parasitic infections and other neglected tropical diseases were highly *** to social development,particularly economic reforms since the 1980s,poverty has since been dramatically reduced,and China became increasingly urbanized and *** parallel,China's economic transformation translated into similar and remarkable reductions in neglected tropical *** and colleagues report in their review published in Infectious Diseases of Poverty,the elimination or near elimination as a public health problem of lymphatic filariasis,trachoma,soil-transmitted helminth infections,schistosomiasis and other neglected tropical *** note,neglected tropical disease control and poverty reduction each appear to reinforce the ***'s formula for success in parasitic and neglected tropical disease control might translate to other parts of the world,such as in sub-Saharan Africa through China's new Belt and Road Initiative.

关键词： Control Elimination Neglected tropical diseases Parasitic infections People's Republic of China Poverty reduction

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Individual effect of Y and Nd on the microstructure formation of Mg-Y-Nd alloys processed by severe plastic deformation and their effect on the subsequent mechanical and corrosion properties

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 509-521页

作者： Maria Zemkova peter Minarik jan Dittrich jan Bohlen Robert Kral Charles University Department of Physics of MaterialsKe Karlovu 512116PragueCzechia University of Zilina Research CentreUniverzitna8215/1Zilina01026Slovakia Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon21502GeesthachtGermany

This work investigated the effect of sole yttrium and neodymium alloying on the microstructure formation during severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) and an impact on the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of binary Mg-3Y and Mg-3Nd *** results are compared with a ternary Mg-4Y-3Nd alloy,which represents a simplified version of the commercially successful WE43 *** extensive study comprises a thorough microstructural analysis performed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy,including electron backscatter diffraction and texture analysis performed by X-ray *** is shown that the presence of Nd primarily caused precipitation during the processing of the Mg-3Nd alloy,while Y remained dissolved in the magnesium matrix in the Mg-3Y *** difference resulted in a significantly smaller average grain size in the Mg-3Y alloy(~0.77 nm) than in the Mg-3Nd alloy(~1.3 μm) after the final step of the processing and formation of a slightly different ***,the composition and the processing affected the mechanical and corrosion properties of the investigated materials,measured by compression deformation tests,microhardness measurement,and electrochemical impedance *** study shows that the ECAP-processed W3 sample exhibits a surprisingly good combination of ultrafine-grain structure,weak crystallographic texture,high strength,and high corrosion resistance compared with the other investigated *** attributes make this material very interesting for utilisation in the industry and/or medicine.

关键词： Magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Texture Mechanical strength Corrosion

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Validation of an MRI-based prostate cancer prebiopsy Gleason score predictive nomogram

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当代泌尿学（英文） 2022年第1期16卷 38-43页

作者： Adrianna jiaying Lee Amelia Wnorowski Nancy Ye Linhan Xu Michael Naslund Bradford j.Wood Maria j.Merino Baris Turkbey peter L.Choyke peter A.Pinto M.Minhaj Siddiqui University of Maryland BaltimoreMDUSA University of Maryland BaltimoreMDUSA Baltimore VA Medical Center BaltimoreMDUSA Molecular Imaging Program National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Center for Interventional Oncology National Cancer Institute&Clinical CenterNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Urologic Oncology Branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Background:Gleason score grading is a cornerstone of risk stratification and management of patients with prostate cancer(P In this work,we derive and validate a nomogram that uses prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(MP-MRI)and clinical patient characteristics to predict biopsy Gleason scores(bGS).Materials and methods:A predictive nomogram was derived from 143 men who underwent MP-MRI prior to any prostate biopsy and then validated on an independent cohort of 235 men from a different institution who underwent MP-MRI for PCa *** positive lesions were defined as lesions positive on T2W and DWI sequences on *** specific antigen(PSA)density,number of screen positive lesions,and MRI suspicion were associated with PCa Gleason score on biopsy and were used to generate a predictive *** independent cohort was tested on the nomogram and the most likely bGS was noted.Results:The mean PSA in the validation cohort was 9.25 ng/mL versus 6.8 ng/mL in the original cohort(p=0.001).The distribution of Gleason scores between the 2 cohorts were not significantly different(p=0.7).In the original cohort of men,the most probable nomogram generated Gleason score agreed with actual pathologic bGS findings in 61%of the *** the validation cohort,the most likely nomogram predicted bGS agreed with actual pathologic bGS 51%of the *** nomogram correctly identified any PCa versus non-PCa 63%of the time and clinically significant(Gleason score≥7)PCa 69%of the *** negative predictive value for clinically significant PCa using this prebiopsy nomogram was 74%in the validation group.Conclusions:A preintervention nomogram based on PSA and MRI findings can help narrow down the likely pathologic finding on *** of the nomogram demonstrated a significant ability to correctly identify the most likely *** feasibility study demonstrates the potential of a prebiopsy prediction of bGS and based on the high negative predictive va

关键词： Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Nomogram Prostate cancer

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