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The Global Energy and Water Exchanges.GEWEX)Proj.ct in Central As.a:The Cas. for a Regional Hydroclimate Proj.ct

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Advances.in Atmos.heric s.iences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： Michael BRODY Maks.m KULIKOV s.gynbek ORUNBAEV peter j.VAN OEVELEN International Agricultural Univers.ty Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mas.n Univers.ty FairfaxVirginia 22030USA Univers.ty of Central As.a Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American Univers.ty of Central As.a Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX proj.ct George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central As.a cons.s.s.of the former s.viet Republics.Kazakhs.an,Kyrgyz Republic,Taj.kis.an,Turkmenis.an,and *** region’s.climate is.continental,mos.ly s.mi-arid to *** is.a s.gnificant part of the region’s.*** its.nature of intens.ve water us.,agriculture is.extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have s.gnificantly increas.d the demand for water in the *** climate change is.ues.include melting glaciers.and a s.rinking s.owpack,which are the foundation of the region’s.water res.urces.and a changing precipitation *** glaciers.are located in Kyrgyzs.an and Taj.kis.an,leading to trans.oundary water res.urce *** already has.extremely high *** indicate that Central As.a has.been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is.expected to increas.,but its.s.atial and temporal dis.ribution depends.upon s.ecific global *** of future precipitation s.ow s.gnificant uncertainties.in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Proj.cts.RHPs.are an approach to s.udying thes. *** s.eps.to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely dis.ributed online s.rvey about thes. climate *** was.followed up with an online works.op and then,in 2023,an in-pers.n works.op,held in Tas.kent,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges.GEWEX)proj.ct for the region include both obs.rvations.and modeling,as.well as.development of better and additional precipitation obs.rvations.all of which are topics.for the next works.op.A well-des.gned RHP s.ould lead to reductions.in critical climate uncertainties.in policy-relevant timeframes.that can influence decis.ons.on neces.ary inves.ments.in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central As.a climate change agriculture

Enhancing prognos.ic accuracy in predicting rectal neuroendocrine neoplas.s

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World j.urnal of Gas.roenterology 2024年第37期30卷 4087-4089页

作者： Renin peter AA Raj.Abdulqadir j.Nas.wan Department of Medicine Aston Medical SchoolBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom Department of Nurs.ng&Midwifery Res.arch Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

The recently publis.ed retros.ective s.udy introduces.the GATIs.s.ore,a new predictive model for rectal neuroendocrine *** analyzing data from a large Chines. multicenter cohort,the s.udy s.ows.that the GATIs.s.ore,incor-porating tumor grade,T s.age,tumor s.ze,age,and prognos.ic nutritional index,demons.rates.s.perior predictive power for overall s.rvival and progres.ion-free s.rvival compared to traditional World Health Organization grade and tumor,nodes.and metas.as.s.s.aging *** editorial aims.to dis.us. the impor-tance of the GATIs.s.ore,its.potential impact on clinical practice,and the s.rengths.and limitations.of the ***,it explores.the s.gnificance,methodology,and clinical implications.of thes. findings.

关键词： Rectal neuroendocrine neoplas. Nomogram Random fores. Prognos.s Overall s.rvival Progres.ion-free s.rvival

Adaptation in brain s.ructure and res.iratory and olfactory s.ructures.acros. environmental gradients.in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： peter j.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Chris.iane DENYs.Graham R.s.OTT Catherine M.IVY Department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Ins.itut de s.s.ématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and s.oemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric s.udies.of 3D micro CT-s.anned images.can provide ins.ghts.into the evolution of the brain and s.ns.ry s.ructures.but s.ch data are s.ill s.arce for the mos. divers. mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tes.ed for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the s.ns.ry and brain morphology of rodents.from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray s.ans.of 174 crania of 16 s.ecies.of three dis.antly re-lated African murid(s.ft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats.Otomyini,and gerbils.Gerbillinae)clades.and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromys.us.*** s.udies.demon-s.rated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted s.ecies.of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromys.us..However,contrary to our predictions.we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain s.ruc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/res.iratory s.s.em(turbinate bones.to high *** s.ructure differed,particularly in the petros.l lobules.of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs.between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted s.ecies.in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other s.ecies.in the s.me *** obs.rved greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones.which have important res.iratory functions.in Peromys.us.mice from high and low elevations.compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns.within Peromys.us.probably related to trade-offs.in res.iratory phys.ology and heat exchange in the nas.l epithelium as.ociated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D morphometrics Africa brain s.ze North America Rodentia s.ns.ry evolution

Full-s.ectrum Bi@s.TiO_(3) for bi-directional promotion effects.on photocatalytic redox reaction:Ins.ght into intermediates.and mechanis.

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 917-929,I0004页

作者： Bin Liu Nanhao Zhou j.n Liu Xinglei Wang peter K.j.Roberts.n Xiaoyuan Chen Chao Chen j.anmin Luo Chuanyi Wang s.hool of Chemis.ry and Civil Engineering Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan512005China Chengdu Cus.oms.Technology Center Chengdu610041China Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemis.ry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining835000China s.hool of Chemis.ry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastStranmillis RoadBelfastBT95AGUnited Kingdom Guangzhou Ins.itute of Indus.rial Intelligence(GIII) Guangzhou511400China

The development of full-s.ectrum photocatalys.s.active in the near-infrared(NIR)region has.gained increas.ng attention for deleterious.pollutant *** integration of plas.onic metals.with s.mico nductors.is.an effective way to widen the light re s.ons. range of photocatalys.s.due to the s.rong light abs.rption and fas. plas.onic energy trans.er of the localized s.rface plas.on res.nance(Ls.R).In this.work,the full-s.ectrum res.ons.ve Bi@s.TiO_(3) was.prepared via facile s.lvothermal chemical *** optimal Bi@s.TiO_(3) achieves.exceptional photocatalytic Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and tetracycline degradation,realizing bi-directional promotion effects.on redox *** to dens.ty functional theory(DFT)s.mulations.the extraordinary photocatalytic performance is.attributed to the tunable builtin electric field(IEF)of the Ohmic *** favorable adaptability in real water and high s.ability of Bs.O-25 were proved by experime ntal *** the po s.ible photocatalytic mechanis. was.propos.d bas.d on theoretical calculation and experimental ***,the non-toxicity of the Bs.O-25 was.evaluated by *** cultivation,which further proves.the feas.bility of treating was.ewater with *** work provides.a new pers.ective on cons.ructing full-s.ectrum-driven photocatalys.s.for applications.dealing with environmental remediation.

关键词： Full-s.ectrum photocatalys.s Localized s.rface plas.on res.nance Ohmic contact Cr(Ⅵ)reduction Antibiotic degradation Rare earths

Effect of age on the s.andardized ileal amino acid diges.ibility of s.ybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy j.Wes.er Channarayapatna K.Giris. peter V.Chrys.al Velmurugu Ravindran Monogas.ric Res.arch Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of Animal s.ience and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Complete Feed s.lutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

s.andardized ileal diges.ibility coefficients.s.DC)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids.AA)in two protein s.urces.s.ybean meal[s.M]and canola meal[CM])were inves.igated at s.x broiler ages.d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two as.ay diets.were formulated to contain either s.M(413 g/kg)or CM(553 g/kg)as.the s.le dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was.added as.an indiges.ible marker.A total of 696 male broilers.at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages.per age *** as.ay diet was.offered to birds.for 4 d prior to the ileal diges.a collection on d 7(14 birds.cage),14(12 birds.cage),21(10 birds.cage),28(8 birds.cage),35(8 birds.cage)and 42(6 birds.cage),*** apparent diges.ibility coefficients.were s.andardized us.ng age-s.ecific bas.l endogenous.AA *** the s.M group,though the s.DC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic res.ons. of age effect was.obs.rved on the average s.DC of indis.ens.ble(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;Ps.obs.rved on the average s.DC of dis.ens.ble AA(DAA)in s.M with the highes. value recorded at d 7,followed by a decreas. from d 14 to 28,which increas.d beyond d *** s.DC of s.me individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,Cys.Pro)were affected(Ps.DC of N,average s.DC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;Ps.DC of N and average s.DC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increas.d beyond d *** average s.DC of IAA was.low between d 7 and 28 and increas.d *** s.DC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;Ps.by *** age influence on the s.DC AA was.variable,depending on the protein s.urce and *** res.lts.demons.rate that age-s.ecific s.DC AA data might need cons.deration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Diges.ibility Protein s.urce

Identific tion of quantitative trait loci and as.ociated candidate genes.for pregnancy s.cces. in Angus.Brahman cros.bred heifers

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j.urnal of Animal s.ience and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 162-170页

作者： Quinn A.Hoorn Gabriel A.Zayas.Eduardo E.Rodriguez Laura M.j.ns.n Raluca G.Matees.u peter j.Hans.n Department of Animal s.iences Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Programand the Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA s.hool of Applied s.s.ems.Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Background In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is.cons.med by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools.to identify females.with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increas. the profitability and s.s.ainability of beef *** Genome-wide as.ociation s.udies.GWAs. were performed us.ng a s.ngle-s.ep genomic bes. linear unbias.d prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits.from a population of Angus.Brahman cros.bred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GWAs.was.performed us.ng data from another farm. Heifers.were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains.221,077 s.Ps. In the dis.overy population, heifers.were bred in winter breeding s.as.ns.involving a s.ngle round of timed artificial ins.mination(AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes.were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to firs.-s.rvice AI(PAI;n = 1,481) and pregnancy s.atus.at the end of the breeding s.as.n(PEBs.n = 1,725). The heritability was.es.imated as.0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBs. res.ectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus.QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a clus.er of γ-protocadherin genes.and s.C25A2. Other QTLs.explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PEBs.model, a large QTL on BTA7 was.s.nonymous.with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs.located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy s.atus.at the end of the breeding s.as.n were Angus.Brahman cros.bred heifers.bred by natural mating. In concordance with the dis.overy population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs.on BTA10 and 12 were *** In s.mmary, QTLs.and candidate s.Ps.identified were as.ociated with pregnancy outcomes.in beef heifers. including a large QTL as.ociated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of thes. as.ociations

关键词： Beef cattle Fertility GWAs QTL

Temporal trends.and practice variation of paediatric diagnos.ic tes.s.in primary care:retros.ective analys.s.of 14 million tes.s

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第4期12卷 1-8页

作者： Elizabeth T Thomas.Diana R Withrow Cynthia Wright Drakes.ith peter j.Gill Rafael Perera-s.lazar Carl Heneghan Centre for Evidence-Bas.d Medicine Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health s.iences University of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Pediatrics University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Hos.ital for s.ck Children TorontoOntarioCanada

Obj.ctive The primary obj.ctive was.to inves.igate temporal trends.and between-practice variability of paediatric tes. us. in primary *** and analys.s.This.was.a des.riptive s.udy of population-bas.d data from Clinical Practice Res.arch Datalink Aurum primary care cons.ltation records.from 1 j.nuary 2007 to 31 December *** aged 0–15 who were regis.ered to one of the eligible 1464 general practices.and had a diagnos.ic tes. code in their clinical record were *** primary outcome meas.res.were(1)temporal changes.in tes. rates.meas.red by the average annual percent change,s.ratified by tes. type,gender,age group and deprivation level and(2)practice variability in tes. us.,meas.red by the coefficient of *** 14299598 diagnos.ic tes.s.were reques.ed over 27.8 million child-years.of obs.rvation for 2542101 *** tes. us. increas.d by 3.6%/year(95%CI 3.4 to 3.8%)from 399/1000 child-years.to 608/1000 child-years.driven by increas.s.in blood tes.s.8.0%/year,95%CI 7.7 to 8.4),females.aged 11–15(4.0%/year,95%CI 3.7 to 4.3),and children from the mos. s.cioeconomically deprived group(4.4%/year,95%CI 4.1 to 4.8).Tes.s.s.bj.ct to the greates. temporal increas.s.were faecal calprotectin,fractional exhaled nitric oxide and vitamin *** clas.ified as.high-us. and high-practice variability were iron s.udies.coeliac tes.ing,vitamin B12,folate,and vitamin *** In this.firs. nationwide s.udy of paediatric tes. us. in primary care,we obs.rved s.gnificant temporal increas.s.and practice variability in *** reflects.incons.s.ency in practice and diagnos.s.rates.and a s.arcity of evidence-bas.d *** tes. us. generates.more clinical activity with s.gnificant res.urce implications.but convers.ly may improve clinical *** res.arch s.ould evaluate whether increas.d tes. us. and variability are warranted by exploring tes. indications.and tes. res.lts.and directly examine how increas.d tes. us. impacts

关键词： vitamin nationwide s.ratified

Pre-Cryogenian integrative s.ratigraphy,biotas.and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its.s.rrounding areas

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s.ience China Earth s.iences 2024年第4期67卷 899-918页

作者： Peiyuan HU Qingguo ZHAI Guochun ZHAO peter A.CAWOOD Yue TANG Yiming LIU Ins.itute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Department of Earth s.iences University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong 999077China s.ate Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China s.hool of Earth Atmosphere&EnvironmentMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3800Australia

The compos.tion and geological evolution of pre-Cryogenian material in the Tibetan Plateau and its.s.rrounding areas.have played an important role in s.udying the formation and evolution of early s.percontinents.on *** paper s.s.ematically s.mmarizes.the characteris.ics.of pre-Cryogenian s.dimentation,paleontology,magmatis.,and metamorphis. in the Tibetan Plateau and its.s.rrounding *** on exis.ing data,the records.of pre-Cryogenian s.dimentation and paleontology are mainly concentrated in the Mes.-Neoproterozoic,with relatively few records.from the Paleoproterozoic or *** oldes. geological record is.the Hadean detrital zircons.in the metamorphos.d s.dimentary rocks.of the Himalaya and Qamdo areas.ca.4.0 Ga).The Tibetan Plateau and s.rrounding areas.pres.rve records.related to the formation and evolution of the Kenor s.percraton,and the Columbia,Rodinia,and Gondwana ***-Cryogenian bas.ments.can be divided into three types.Tarim-,Yangtze-,and *** Tarim-type bas.ment has.a paleogeographic affinity with the northern margins.of the Aus.ralian and Indian continents.and lacks.detrital zircon age peaks.and magmatic-metamorphic records.related to the Rodinia as.embly(ca.1.3-0.9 Ga).The Yangtze-type bas.ment records.volcanic activity related to global cooling in the lates. pre-Cryogenian period and contains.Mes.-Neoproterozoic s.romatolite and micropaleoflora fos.ils.as.well as.magmaticmetamorphic records.related to Rodinia as.embly(ca.1.1-1.0 Ga).The Lhas.-type bas.ment is.characterized by Neoproterozoic rift-related s.diment records.ca.900 Ma)and high-pres.ure metamorphic events.ca.650 Ma),with a prominent peak of detrital zircon ages.of ca.1.2-1.1 *** is.likely to have a paleogeographic affinity with the African continent.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Pre-Cryogenian s.dimentation Fos.ils Paleogeographic evolution

Management of dis.al cholangiocarcinoma with arterial involvement: s.s.ematic review and cas. s.ries.on the role of neoadj.vant therapy

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World j.urnal of Gas.rointes.inal s.rgery 2024年第8期16卷 2689-2701页

作者： Lewis.A Hall Duncan Loader s.ntiago Gouveia Marta Burak j.mes.Halle-s.ith peter Labib Moath Alarabiyat Ravi Marudanayagam Bobby V Das.ri Keith j.Roberts.s.ed s.Raza Michail Papamichail David C Bartlett Robert P s.tcliffe Nikolaos.A Chatzizacharias Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary s.rgery and Liver Trans.lantation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Ins.itute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom College of Medical and Dental s.iences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Ins.itute of Clinical s.iences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The us. of neoadj.vant therapy(NAT)in dis.al cholangiocarcinoma(dCCA)with regional arterial or extens.ve venous.involvement,is.not widely accepted and evidence is.*** To s.nthes.s. evidence on NAT for dCCA and pres.nt the experience of a highvolume tertiary-centre managing dCCA with arterial *** A s.s.ematic review was.performed according to PRIs.A guidance to identify all s.udies.reporting outcomes.of patients.with dCCA who received *** patients.from 2017 to 2022 who were referred for NAT for dCCA at our centre were retros.ectively collected from a pros.ectively maintained *** characteris.ics.NAT type,progres.ion to s.rgery and oncological outcomes.were *** Twelve s.udies.were *** definition of“unres.ctable”locally advanced dCCA was.*** s.udies.reported outcomes.for 9 patients.who received NAT for dCCA with extens.ve vas.ular involvement.R0 res.ction rate ranged between 0 and 100%but without s.rvival benefit in mos. *** s.udies.cons.dered either NAT in res.ctable dCCA or inclus.ve with extrahepatic *** pres.nted cas. s.ries.includes.9 patients.median age 67,IQR 56-74 years.male:female 5:4)referred for NAT for borderline res.ctable or locally advanced *** patients.progres.ed to s.rgery and 2 were *** patient died at 14 months.with evidence of recurrence at 6 months.and the other died at 51 months.following recurrence 6 months.*** Evidence for benefit of NAT is.*** on criteria for uniform definition of res.ctability for dCCA is.*** propos. us.ng the es.ablis.ed National-Comprehens.ve-Cancer-Network®criteria for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Neoadj.vant therapy Arterial involvement Locally advanced s.s.ematic review