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bright spots for inland fish and fisheries to guide future hydropower development

Water biology and Security 2022年第1期1卷 81-99页

作者： William M.Twardek Ian G.Cowx Nicolas W.R.Lapointe Craig Paukert T.Douglas beard Elena M.bennett David browne Andrew K.Carlson Keith D.Clarke Zeb Hogan Kai Lorenzen Abigail J.Lynch peter b.mcintyre Paulo Pompeu Mark Rogers Alexis Sakas William W.Taylor Taylor D.Ward Zeenatul basher Steven J.Cooke Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory Department of Biology and Institute for Environmental StudiesCarleton University1125 Colonel By DrOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Fisheries Institute at the University of Hull Cottingham RdHullHU67RXUnited Kingdom Canadian Wildlife Federation 350 Michael Cowpland DrKanataONK2M 2W1Canada U.S.Geological Survey Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211United States U.S.Geological Survey National Climate Adaptation Science Center12201 Sunrise Valley DriveMS-516RestonVA20192United States McGill School of Environment McGill University845 Sherbrooke St WMontrealQuebec H3A 0G4Canada Princeton Environmental Institute and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology Princeton UniversityM30 Guyot HallPrincetonNJ08544United States Ecological Sciences Section Science branch Fisheries and Oceans CanadaCanadaPO Box/CP 5667St.John'sNewfoundland and LabradorA1C 5X1Canada University of Nevada Reno.4505 S Maryland PkwyLas VegasNV89154United States Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences School of Forest Resources and ConservationUniversity of Florida7922 NW 71st StreetGainesvilleFL32653United States Department of Natural Resources Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853United States Departamento de biologia Universidade Federal de LavrasAquenta SolLavrasState of Minas Gerais37200-900Brazil U.S.Geological Survey Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research UnitTennessee tech UniversityCookevilleTN38505United States The Nature Conservancy 6375 Riverside DriveSuite 100DublinOH43017United States Michigan State University Department of Fisheries and WildlifeEast LansingMI48823United States

Hydropower production is one of the greatest threats to fluvial ecosystems and freshwater *** that we have entered the Anthropocene,there is an opportunity to reflect on what might constitute a‘sustainable’Anthropocene in the context of hydropower and riverine fish *** elements of existing practices that promote favorable social-ecological outcomes(i.e.,‘bright spots’)is timely given that there are plans to expand hydropower capacity in previously undammed rivers,intensify dam development in some of the world's largest river systems,and re-license existing *** approach this from a pragmatic perspective:for the foreseeable future,hydropower will likely remain an important source of renewable *** offer support for moving toward a more‘sustainable’Anthropocene,we provide syntheses of best practices during the siting,design,construction,operation,and compensation phases of hydropower development to minimize impacts on inland *** each phase,we offer positive examples(or what might be considered‘bright spots’)pertaining to some of the approaches described within our syntheses,acknowledging that these projects may not be viewed as without ecological and(or)societal detriment by all *** findings underscore the importance of protecting critical habitat and free-flowing river reaches through careful site selection and basinscale planning,infrastructure designs that minimize reservoir effects and facilitate safe passage of fish,construction of hydropower plants using best practices that minimize long-term damage,operating guidelines that mimic natural flow conditions,and compensation that is lasting,effective,inclusive,and locally *** from these‘bright spots’may require engagement of diverse stakeholders,professionals,and governments at scales that extend well beyond a given site,river,or even ***,environmental planning that integrates hydropower development into broader discussions

关键词： Migration Dams Salmon Hydroelectric Flow Socioecological Fish passage barriers Ecosystems

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Microneedle-based skin patch for blood-free rapid diagnostic testing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 255-265页

作者： Xue Jiang peter b.Lillehoj Department of Mechanical Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Department of bioengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77030USA

Rapid diagnostic tests are one of the most commonly used tests to detect and screen for infectious diseases in the developing *** these tests are simple,inexpensive,and readily available,they rely on finger-prick blood sampling,which requires trained medical personnel,poses risks of infection,and can complicate cooperation in young children,asymptomatic individuals,and communities with blood ***,we report a novel microneedle-based skin patch for the rapid detection of protein biomarkers in dermal interstitial *** collection is facilitated by a hydrophilic hollow microneedle array that autonomously extracts and transports interstitial fluid to an antibody-based lateral flow test strip via surface tension for colorimetric antigen *** employ a simple gold enhancement treatment to enhance the detection sensitivity of this colloidal gold-based lateral flow assay and elucidate the underlying mechanism of this enhancement mechanism through experimental *** proof-of-concept,this device was used to detect Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2,a biomarker for malaria infection,which could be detected at concentrations as low as 8ng/*** test can be completed inbest of our knowledge,this work is the first demonstration of a microneedle-based lateral flow assay for rapid protein detection in dermal interstitial *** addition to its simplicity,minimally invasive nature,and low cost,this diagnostic device can be readily adapted to detect other protein biomarkers in interstitial fluid,making it a promising tool for point-of-care testing.

关键词： needle patch readily

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Stair evacuation simulation based on cellular automata considering evacuees' walk preferences

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Chinese Physics b 2015年第6期24卷 687-693页

作者：丁宁张辉陈涛 peter b.Luh Department of Automation Tsinghua University Institute of Public Safety Research Tsinghua University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut

As a physical model, the cellular automata （CA） model is widely used in many areas, such as stair evacuation. However, existing CA models do not consider evacuees＇ walk preferences nor psychological status, and the structure of the basic model is unapplicable for the stair structure. This paper is to improve the stair evacuation simulation by addressing these issues, and a new cellular automata model is established. Several evacuees＇ walk preference and how evacuee＇s psychology influences their behaviors are introduced into this model. Evacuees＇ speeds will be influenced by these features. To validate this simulation, two fire drills held in two high-rise buildings are video-recorded. It is found that the simulation results are similar to the fire drill results. The structure of this model is simple, and it is easy to further develop and utilize in different buildings with various kinds of occupants.

关键词： building evacuation stair simulation cellular automata walk preferences

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Tribological Properties of DLC Film Prepared by C^+ Ion beam-assisted Deposition (IbAD)

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2006年第1期21卷 49-52页

作者：白秀琴 peter bhm Reliability Engineering Institute Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430063ChinaWuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection Wuhan 430030 China IAVF Antriebstechnik AG 76187 KarlsruheGermany

C ^＋ ion beam-assisted deposition was utilized to prepare deposit diamond-like carbon （ DLC ） film. With the help of a series of experiments such as Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, AFM and nanoindentation , the DLC film has been recognized as hydrogenated DLC film and its tribologicul properties have been evaluated. The bull-on-disc testing results show that the hardness and the tribologicul properties of the DLC film produced by C^ ＋ ion beam- assisted deposition are improved significantly. DLC film produced by C ^＋ ion beam- assisted deposition is positive to have a prosperous tribologicul application in the near future.

关键词： DLC film C ^+ ion beam- assisted deposition (IbAD) tribological properties

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Resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition in cancer： molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第2期9卷 134-138页

作者： peter b. Alexander Xiao-Fan Wang Department of Pharmacology and Cancer biology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA

Drug resistance is a major factor that limits the efficacy of targeted cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the main known mechanisms of resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which are the most prevalent class of targeted therapeutic agent in current clinical use. Here we focus on bypass track resistance, which involves the activation of alternate signaling molecules by tumor cells to bypass inhibition and maintain signaling output, and consider the problems of signaling pathway redundancy and how the activation of different receptor tyrosine kinases translates into intracellular signal transduction in different cancer types. This information is presented in the context of research strategies for the discovery of new targets for pharmacological intervention, with the goal of overcoming resistance in order to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： targeted therapy drug resistance receptor tyrosine kinases cancer

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Xanthan Sulfuric Acid： An Efficient bio-supported and Recy- clable Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2-Aryl Thiadiazolo benzimidazoles

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2012年第4期30卷 947-950页

作者： Kuarm,b.Suresh Janardan,b. Crooks,peter A. Rajitha,b. Department of Chemistry National Institute of TechnologyWarangalAPIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205U.S.A.

Xanthan sulfuric acid is an efficient solid acid catalyst for the preparation of 2-aryl benzimidazoles in excellent yields. This method is applicable for the reaction of benzo[c][ 1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,5-diamine with aldehydes by sim- ple physical grinding at room temperature. The salient features of the present methodology is cheaper process, easy synthesis of stable catalyst and the catalyst can be easily recycled without significant loss of activity.

关键词： benzimidazoles benzo[c]thiadiazole-4,5-diamine biodegradable recyclable xanthan sulfuric acid (XSA)

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On-site solar PV generation and use: Self-consumption andself-sufficiency

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building Simulation 2023年第10期16卷 1835-1849页

作者： Zheng Wang Mark b.Luther peter Horan Jane Matthews Chunlu Liu School of Architecture and built Environment Deakin UniversityGeelongAustralia

As energy storage systems are typically not installed with residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems,any “excess” solar energy exceeding the house load remains unharvested or is exported to the *** paper introduces an approach towards a system design for improved PV self-consumptionand self-sufficiency. As a result, a polyvalent heat pump, offering heating, cooling and domestic hotwater, is considered alongside water storage tanks and batteries. Our method of system analysisbegins with annual hourly thermal loads for heating and cooling a typical Australian house inGeelong, Victoria. These hourly heating and cooling loads are determined using Transient SystemSimulation (TRNSYS) software. The house’s annual hourly electricity consumption is analysed usingsmart meter data downloaded from the power supplier and PV generation data measured with aPV system controller. The results reveal that the proposed system could increase PV self-consumptionand self-sufficiency to 41.96% and 86.34%, respectively, resulting in the annual imported energybeing reduced by about 74%. The paper also provides sensitivity analyses for the hot and coldstorage tank sizes, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, solar PV and battery *** establishing the limits of thermal storage size, a significant impact on self-efficiency can berealised through battery storage. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a polyvalent heatpump together with water storage tanks and, ultimately, batteries to increase PV self-consumptionand self-sufficiency. Future work will concentrate on determining a best-fit approach to systemsizing embedded within the TRNSYS simulation tool.

关键词： solar photovoltaic polyvalent heat pump energy storage self-consumption self-sufficiency

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A Simple Kinetic Monte Carlo Approach for Epitaxial Submonolayer Growth

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第4期3卷 822-833页

作者： Robert Deak Zoltan Neda peter b.barna Eotvos Lor and University Department of Materials ScienceH-1117 BudapestHungary babe¸s-bolyai University Department of Theoretical and Computational PhysicsCluj-NapocaRO-400084Romania Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science H-1525BudapestP.O box 49Hungary

Two-component submonolayer growth on triangular lattice is qualitatively studied by kinetic Monte Carlo *** hopping barrier governing surface diffusion of the atoms is estimated using pair interaction *** degrees of freedoms enhancing the surface diffusion of atoms are also *** main advantages of the presented technique are the reduced number of free parameters and the clear diffusion activated mechanism for the segregation of different types of *** potential of this method is exemplified by reproducing(i)phase-boundary creation and dynamics related to vacancies and stacking faults;(ii)a special co-deposition and segregation process where the segregated atoms of the second component surround the islands formed by the first type of atoms.

关键词： Submonolayer epitaxial growth kinetic Monte Carlo pattern formation twocomponent systems segregation.

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Interplay of conducting and non-conducting walls on hydromagnetic natural convection flow in a vertical micro-channel with Hall current

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第2期10卷 155-168页

作者： basant K.Jha peter b.Malgwi Department of Mathematics Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of Mathematics Air Force Institute of TechnologyKadunaNigeria

Theoretical investigation on the interaction between conducting and nonconducting walls on hydromagnetic natural convection flow of viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid through a vertical micro-channel taking into account the effects of induced magnetic field in presence of Hall current is *** coupled equations responsible for the flow are obtained when either the micro-channel walls are electrically conducting or are electrically *** the method of undetermined coefficients,exact solution are obtained and presented in dimensionless form subject to relevant boundary *** for fluid velocity,induced magnetic field,skin friction,volume flow rate and induced current density in both primary and secondary flow directions are also *** of some governing parameters like Hall current parameter,rarefaction parameter and Hartmann number on the different flow situations are given using the aid of line graphs and *** main conclusion of the present analysis is that,in the existence of rarefaction parameter,primary fluid velocity could be enhanced with the increase in Hall parameter when the micro-channel walls are either insulated or when the left micro-channel wall is electrically *** obtained in this work are relevant in many magnetically controlled devices and could also be used as a benchmark in checking the accuracies of result obtained in some empirical experiments.

关键词： Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) Hall current Micro-channel Velocity slip Temperature jump

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NITROGEN FIXATION OF Azorhizobium IN ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED ROOT PARA-NODULES IN WHEAT

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Science China Chemistry 1992年第12期35卷 1463-1470页

作者：陈廷伟 SIEGFRIED SCHERER peter bGER Soils and Fertilizer Institute Chinese Academy of Agriculiural SciencesBeijing 100081PRC bacteriological Institute Faculty of Agriculture Technical University Munchen D-8050 Freising Germany Lehrstuhl für Physiologie und biochemie der Pflanzen Universitat Konstanz D-7750 Konstanz Germany

Nodule-like structures (para-nodules) can be induced in wheat roots by low concentrationsof 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a synthetic analogue of the plant growth hor-mone indole-acetic acid. Growth of nodulated wheat plants was not affected by 2,4-D treat-ment. Infection of these?para-nodules by adding oxygen-tolerant Azorhizobium caulinodans isolat-ed from stem nodules of the tropical legume Sesbania rostrata resulted in massive prolifera-tion of bacterial cells in the intercellular spaces as well as inside the para-nodular ***-nodules colonized by Azorhizobium coulinodans not only reduced acetylene, but alsotransferred fixed nitrogen to the plant, contributing up to 16--23% of the nitrogen budgetof infected wheat.

关键词： Azorhizobium nitrogen fixation nodules wheat

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