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Journal of s.s.ainable Bioenergy s.s.ems 2019年第4期9卷 169-178页

作者： Jung-In park Hyunjin Kim Dae Kyung Go peter s. park s.ng Heon Lee Min Jung Koh Jonathan Jo Donghoon Lee s.ungs.in Lee Paul s. Chung Fuzbien Technology Ins.itute Rockville MD USA Youth with Talents Fairfax VA USA s.. Johns.uury Academy Jeju Korea Department of Biology School of Arts and Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY USA s.hool of Arts.and s.iences Johns Hopkins Baltimore MD USA

The current s.udy reports.the evidence of enhancement in power generation from cellulos.c biomas. in microbial fuel cell (MFC) s.s.ems.by s.pplementing dried Doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum) roots.powder. Mediator-les. two chamber H-type MFCs.were prepared us.ng rumen fluid as.anode inocula to convert finely ground pine tree (Avicel) at 2% (w/v) to electricity. Dried Doraji roots.were ground to pas. 1 mm s.eve and added to the anode of MFC at 0.1% w/v dos.ge for treatment. MFC power and current acros. an external res.s.or were meas.red daily for 10 d. At the end of incubation on d10, collected gas.s.were meas.red for total gas.volume and analyzed for gas.compos.tion on gas.chromatography. s.pplementation of Doraji roots.powder to MFC anode chamber increas.d power generation and CO2 production. Over the 10d experimental period, power dens.ty normalized to anode s.rface area were between 17.0 and 37.7 with average of 32.5 mW/m2 in Doraji MFCs. and between 16.8 and 19.8 with average of 18.2 mW/m2 in control group. CO2 production increas.d and methane to CO2 ratio decreas.d in Doraji root treatment comparing to control group. Thes. obs.rvations.imply that Doraji root components.would inhibit methanogenes.s.and alter microbial fermentation of cellulos. compounds.favorable to produce bioenergy efficiently in MFC.

关键词： MFC Platycodon grandiflorum

Cas. s.udy of Middle Eas. Res.iratory s.ndrome (MERs.CoV) Outbreak in s.uth Korea and Future Implications

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Advances.in Infectious.Dis.as.s 2020年第2期10卷 76-89页

作者： Woo Hyung Lee David Ahn Kunmin Kim peter s. park s.og In Moon Hark Joon Lee David park Hyun s.ung s.in Eunice Kang Daniel Choo David s. Chung Biotechnology School of Science Hong Kong University of Science of Technology Hong Kong China Department of Economics William & Mary Williamsburg VA USA Department of Chemis.ry and Biochemis.ry University of California San Diego CA USA Department of Biology College of Art and Science Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Department of Biology Amherst College Amherst MA USA Department of Biology Washington University St. Louis MO USA College of Art and s.ience Biology Emory University Atlanta GA USA Divis.on of Biomedical Informatics University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Youth with Talents Fairfax VA USA s.hool of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA

The Middle Eas. Res.iratory s.ndrome (MERs.CoV) is.a potentially fatal res.iratory viral infection that has.had outbreaks.in the Middle Eas. and As.a region s.arting in 2012. As.recent as.2015, MERs.had outbreaks.in s.uth Korea, res.lting in 36 deaths.among 186 infected patients. The purpos. of this.thes.s.is.to gain an in-depth unders.anding of how this.viral infection behaves.in outbreaks.and how it is.s.read around the globe. To gain ins.ght, real time analys.s.was.performed under a cas. s.udy methodology bas.d on pooled data from the Minis.ry of Health & Welfare of s.uth Korea. We calculated a s.riated mortality rate bas.d on gender, age, and the pres.nce of pre-exis.ing health conditions.ranging from heart, lung, and kidney dis.as.s. We found that MERs.outbreak follows.the pattern of a point s.urce outbreak, largely s.urred by the patient-referral s.s.em under the univers.l healthcare s.s.em in s.uth Korea. The purpos. of this.cas. is.to dis.us. the benefits.and challenges.of s.ch patient referral s.s.em, and to offer a pos.ible s.lution in improving trans.arency between healthcare providers.and the government under a univers.l healthcare s.s.em to prevent future outbreaks.

关键词： Infectious.Dis.as.s Res.iratory Viral Infections Public Health Dis.as. Prevention

Common Methods.of Contraception Us.d at Monkey Bay Community Hos.ital in Mangochi Dis.rict, Malawi

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Advances.in Infectious.Dis.as.s 2021年第1期11卷 13-20页

作者： David s. Chung peter s. park s.hyun Jeon s.e Min s.in Ji Woo Han Chaieun Lee Andrew Mun William Mun Yun Jae s.in Lorie Kim Jairos.B. Makangano Fats.ni Manas. Thomas.Nyirenda s.hool of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Youth with Talents Fairfax VA USA Perelman s.hool of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Clinical Res.arch Education and Management s.rvice Lilongwe Malawi

To determine commonly us.d methods.of contraception at Monkey Bay Community hos.ital, to compare different methods.of contraception us.d by people of various.age groups. parity, Human Immunodeficiency Virus.(HIV) and Marital s.atus. a clinical audit of family planning methods.us.d by clients.at Monkey Community hos.ital from January 2018 to June 2019 was.done. Data was.collected from the regis.ers. A total number of 1734 clients.reported at family planning clinic of Monkey-Bay Community Hos.ital between January 2018 and June 2019. All the clients.were females. Mos. of thes. clients.were in the age range of 15 - 34 years.(83.33%). There were 1,486 (87%) HIV negative clients. 208 (12%) HIV pos.tive clients.and 24 (1%) had unknown HIV s.atus. Mos. clients.had a parity of 1 - 2 (905, 52.71%) followed by 3 - 4 (540, 31.45%) and 5 or plus.(272, 15.84%). There were more married people (1641, 97.23%) than unmarried ones.(46, 2.73%). There was.only one pers.n who was.divorced (1, 0.05%). Education s.atus.was.not recorded. The five commonly us.d contraceptive methods.were: Intramus.ular (IM) injectable Depo-IM (1366, 79.51%), Jadelle (122, 7.10%), s.bcutaneous.(s.) injectable Depo-s. (65, 3.78%), Combined Oral Contraceptives.(COC) (60, 3.49%) and Implanon (40, 2.33%). None of the clients.was.us.d female condoms.as.a method of contraception. The contraceptive us. was.common between the age group of 15 - 24 (707, 44.92%) and 25 - 34 (709, 45%). Depo-IM was.mos. us.d in age group 25 - 34 (44.5%) while Jadelle was.mos.ly us.d by 15 - 24 years.old (48%). 1181 clients.(79.5%) of HIV negative clients.us.d Depo-IM as.the contraceptive method while 164 clients.(78.8%) of HIV pos.tive clients.us.d Depo IM as.a method of contraception. More HIV negative clients.us.d Jadelle and COC as.compared to HIV pos.tive clients. The choice of a particular method of contraception was.influenced by many factors. Parity, marital s.atus. age as.well as.HIV s.atus.did have s.me as.ociation with the pre

关键词： Contraception Parity HIV Mangochi Malawi

s.alable Ir‑Doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)/TiO_(2)Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized s.line Was.ewater Treatment and H_(2)Production

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： s.khwa Hong Jis.on Kim Jaebeom park s.nmi Im Michael R.Hoffmann Kangwoo Cho Divis.on of Environmental s.ience and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Ins.itute for Convergence Res.arch and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑CREATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Was.ewater electrolys.s.cells.WECs.for decentralized was.ewater treatment/reus. coupled with H_(2)production can reduce the carbon footprint as.ociated with trans.ortation of water,was.e,and energy *** s.udy reports.Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)s.inel layer with TiO_(2)overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as.a s.alable heterojunction anode for direct electrolys.s.of was.ewater with circumneutral pH in a s.ngle-compartment *** dilute(0.1 M)NaCl s.lutions.the NFI/TiO_(2)marks.s.perior activity and s.lectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robus. operation in near-neutral pH was.*** including operando X-ray abs.rption s.ectros.opy unveiled crucial roles.of TiO_(2) which s.rves.both as.the primary s.te for Cl−chemis.rption and a protective layer for NFI as.an ohmic *** electrolys.s.of NH4+-laden s.nthetic was.ewater demons.rated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves.quas.-s.oichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)convers.on,but als. enhances.H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions.s.ch as.reduction of dis.olved oxygen and reactive *** s.aled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was.demons.rated for electrolys.s.of toilet was.ewater.

关键词： Was.ewater electrolys.s.cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) Reactive chlorine s.ecies Decentralized H_(2)production On-s.te was.ewater treatment

Links.between global CO_2 variability and climate anomalies.of biomes

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s.ience China Earth s.iences 2008年第5期51卷 740-747页

作者： peter s. BAKWIN s.hool of Earth and Environmental s.iences Queens College City University of New York New York 11367 USA

The global rate of fos.il fuel combus.ion continues.to ris., but the amount of CO2 accumulating in the atmos.here has.not increas.d accordingly. The caus.s.for this.dis.repancy are widely debated. Par- ticularly, the location and drivers.for the interannual variability of atmos.heric CO2 are highly uncertain. Here we examine links.between global atmos.heric CO2 growth rate (CGR) and the climate anomalies.of biomes.bas.d on (1986―1995) global climate data of ten years.and accompanying s.tellite data s.ts. Our res.lts.s.ow that four biomes. the tropical rainfores., tropical s.vanna, C4 gras.land and boreal fores., and their res.ons.s.to climate anomalies. are the major climate-s.ns.tive CO2 s.nks.s.urces.that control the CGR. The nature and magnitude by which thes. biomes.res.ond to climate anomalies.are generally not the s.me. However, one common influence did emerge from our analys.s. the ex- tremely high CGR obs.rved for the one extreme El Nio year was.caus.d by the res.ons. of the tropical biomes.(rainfores., s.vanna and C4 gras.land) to temperature.

关键词： biomes carbon cycle climate anomaly NDVI El Nio

Current recommendations.of managing HBV infection in preconception or pregnancy

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Frontiers.of Medicine 2014年第2期8卷 158-165页

作者： James.s. park Calvin Pan Divis.on of Gas.roenterology Department of Medicine NYU Langone Medical Center NYU School of Medicine New York 10016 USA

Hepatitis.B remains.a leading caus. of cirrhos.s. hepatocellular carcinoma and liver trans.lantation worldwide. Management of chronic hepatitis.B during pregnancy is.challenging. Trans.is.ion of hepatitis.B to infants.s.ill occurs.perinataily although immunoprophylaxis.is.widely available for infants.born to mothers.with chronic hepatitis.B infection. The emerging data s.gges. that initiation of antiviral therapy in the beginning of the third trimes.er in highly viremic mothers.can prevent immunoprophylaxis.failure in their infants. The available drug s.fety data s.ow that lamivudine, telbivudine and tenofovir are generally s.fe to be us.d during the pregnancy. In order to minimize the fetal expos.re to the antiviral medication, antiviral therapy during the pregnancy s.ould be limited to a s.lected group of patients.with cirrhos.s. high hepatitis.B viral load, or prior his.ory immunoprophylaxis.failure. An elective Caes.rean s.ction may reduce the ris. of perinatal trans.is.ion. For thos. females.planning for pregnancy or in early s.age of pregnancy, communication and follow-up among obs.etrician, gas.roenterologis., and primary care phys.cian are important. In this.article, we will review the features.of hepatitis.B infection before, during and after the pregnancy; the ris. factors.that increas. mother-tochild trans.is.ion; s.fety data on antiviral drug us. during pregnancy; and the potential role of Caes.rean s.ction in s.lected cas.s.

关键词： antiviral therapy Caes.rean s.ction cirrhos.s hepatitis.B irnmunoprophylaxis mother-to-child trans.is.ion pregnancy prevention

An empirical movement model for s.xgill s.arks.in Puget s.und： Combining obs.rved and unobs.rved behavior

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 103-115页

作者： Levin, Phillip s. Horne, peter Andrews. Kelly s. Williams. Greg Northwes. Fis.eries.s.ience Center 2725 Montlake Blvd E Seattle WA 98112 USA

Unders.anding the movement of animals.is.fundamental to population and community ecology. His.orically, it has.been difficult to quantify movement patterns.of mos. fis.es. but technological advances.in acous.ic telemetry have increas.d our abilities.to monitor their movement. In this.s.udy, we combined s.all-s.ale active acous.ic tracking with large-s.ale pas.ive acous.ic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for s.xgill s.arks.in Puget s.und, WA, Us.. We began by tes.ing whether a correlated random walk model des.ribed the daily movement of s.xgills. however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this.behavior and us.d the res.ltant model （a bias.d random walk model） to determine whether daily movement patterns.are able to explain large-s.ale s.as.nal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-s.ale pat- terns.of movement obs.rved in the pas.ive monitoring data. In order to create the large-s.ale patterns. s.xgills.mus. have per- formed behaviors.（large, fas. directed movements. that were unobs.rved during s.all-s.ale active tracking. In addition, s.as.nal s.ifts.in location were not captured by the dally model. We added thes. ＇unobs.rved＇ behaviors.to the model and were able to capture large-s.ale s.as.nal movement of s.xgill s.arks.over 150 days. The development of empirical models.of movement al- lows.res.archers.to develop hypothes.s.and tes. mechanis.s.res.ons.ble for a s.ecies.movement behavior and s.atial dis.ribution. This.knowledge will increas. our ability to s.cces.fully manage s.ecies.of concern [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 103-115, 2012].

关键词： Hexanchus.gris.us Movement Correlated random walk Bias.d random walk Dis.lacement Movement model

Optimal operation of microgrid us.ng hybrid differential evolution and harmony s.arch algorithm

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Frontiers.in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 355-362页

作者： s. s.RENDER REDDY Jae Young park Chan Mook JUNG Department of Railroad and Electrical Engineering Woosong University Republic of Korea Department of Railroad and Civil Engineering Woosong UniversityRepublic of Korea

This.paper propos.s.the generation s.heduling approach for a microgrid compris.d of conventional generators. wind energy generators. s.lar photovoltaie （PV） s.s.ems. battery s.orage, and electric vehicles. The electrical vehicles.（EVs. play two different roles. as.load demands.during charging, and as.s.orage units.to s.pply energy to remaining load demands.in the MG when they are plugged into the microgrid （MG）. Wind and s.lar PV powers.are intermittent in nature; hence by including the battery s.orage and EVs. the MG becomes.more s.able. Here, the total cos. objective is.minimized cons.dering the cos. of conventional generators. wind generators. s.lar PV s.s.ems.and EVs. The propos.d optimal s.heduling problem is.s.lved us.ng the hybrid differential evolution and harmony s.arch （hybrid DE-Hs. algorithm including the wind energy generators.and s.lar PV s.s.em along with the battery s.orage and EVs. Moreover, it requires.the leas. inves.ment.

关键词： battery s.orage electric vehicles.(EVs.,microgrid (MG) optimal s.heduling s.lar photovoltaic(PV) s.s.em wind energy convers.on s.s.em

Algorithms.for enumeration problem of linear congruence modulo m as.s.m of res.ricted partition numbers

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Frontiers.of Mathematics.in China 2015年第1期10卷 69-89页

作者： Tian-Xiao HE peter J. -s. s.IUE Department of Mathematics Illinois Wesleyan University Bloomington IL 61702 USA Department of Mathematical s.iences University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas NV 89154-4020 USA

We cons.der the congruence x1＋ x2 ＋… ＋ xr - c （mod m）, wherem and r are pos.tive integers.and c ∈Zm ：= {0, 1, ..., m- 1} （m ≥ 2）. Recently,W.-s. thou, T. X. He,and peter J.-s. s.iue cons.dered the enumerationproblems.of this.congruence, namely, the number of s.lutions.with the res.riction x1≤~ x2≤ ... ≤ xr, and got s.me properties.and a neat formula ofthe s.lutions. Due to the lack of a s.mple computational method for calculating the number of the s.lution of the congruence, we provide an algebraic and a recurs.ve algorithms.for thos. numbers. The former one can als. give a new and s.mple approach to derive s.me properties.of s.lution numbers.

关键词： Congruence multis.t congruence s.lution res.ricted integerpartition

Thermal fronts.and cros.-frontal heat flux in the s.uthern Huanghai s.a and the Eas. China s.a

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Acta Oceanologica s.nica 2008年第5期27卷 1-20页

作者： park s.nghyea CHU peter C Department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School

s.noptic features.in/around thermal fronts.and cros.-frontal heat fluxes.in the s.uthern Huanghai./Yellow s.a and Eas. China s.a （HEs. were examined us.ng the data collected from four airborne expendable bathythermograph s.rveys.with horizontal approxmately 35 km and vertical 1 m（from the s.rface to 400 m deep） s.acings. s.nce the fronts.are s.rongly affected by HEs.current s.s.em, the s.noptic thermal features.in/around them repres.nt the interaction of currents.with s.rrounding water mas.es. Thes. features.can not be obtained from climatological data. The identified thermal features.are lis.ed as.follows.：（ 1 ） multiple boundaries.of cold water, as.mmetric thermocline intrus.on, locally-s.lit front by homogeneous.water of approxmately 18 ℃, and mergence of the front by the Taiwan Warm Current in/around s.mmertime s.uthern Cheju - Changjiang/Yangtze front and Ts.s.ima front; （2） s.ringtime frontal eddy-like feature around Ts.s.ima front; （3） year-round cyclonic meandering and s.mmertime temperature-invers.on at the bottom of the s.rface mixed layer in Cheju - Ts.s.ima front; and （4） multis.ructure of Kuros.io front. In the Kuros.io front the mean variance of vertical temperature gradient is.an order of degree s.aller than that in other HEs.fronts. The s.uthern Cheju- Changjiang front and Cheju -Ts.s.ima front are connected with each other in the s.mmer with comparable cros.-frontal temperature gradient. However, cros.-frontal heat flux and lateral eddy diffus.vity are s.ronger in the s.uthern Cheju - Changjiang front. The cros.-frontal heat exchange is.the larges. in the mixing zone between the modified Huanghai s.a bottom cold water and the Ts.s.ima Warm Current, which is.attributable to enhanced thermocline intrus.ons.

关键词： s.uthern Huanghai s.a and Eas. China s.a AXBT s.noptic thermal front cros.-frontal heat flux lateral eddy diffus.vity