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Rapid synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide-carbon aerogel composites for supercapacitor electrodes

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 212-220页

作者： Matthew j.Crane Matthew B.Lim Xuezhe Zhou peter j.Pauzauskie Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-1750USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-2120USA Fundamental&Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA

Transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)materials have recently demonstrated exceptional supercapacitor properties after conversion to a metallic phase,which increases the conductivity of the ***,freestanding,exfoliated transition metal dichalcogenide films exhibit surface areas far below their theoretical maximum(1.2%),can fail during electrochemical operation due to poor mechanical properties,and often require pyrophoric chemicals to *** the other hand,pyrolyzed carbon aerogels exhibit extraordinary specific surface areas for double layer capacitance,high conductivity,and a strong mechanical network of covalent chemical *** this paper,we demonstrate the scalable,rapid nanomanufacturing of TMD(MoS2 and WS2)and carbon aerogel composites,favoring liquid-phase exfoliation to avoid pyrophoric *** aerogel matrix support enhances conductivity of the composite and the synthesis can complete in 30 *** find that the addition of transition metal dichalcogenides does not impact the structure of the aerogel,which maintains a high specific surface area up to 620 m^(2) g−1 with peak pore radii of 10 *** supercapacitor tests of the aerogels yield capacitances around 80 F g^(−1) at the lowest applied currents,the aerogels loaded with TMD’s exhibit volumetric capacitances up to 127% greater than the unloaded *** addition,the WS2 aerogels show excellent cycling stability with no capacitance loss over 2000 cycles,as well as markedly better rate capability and lower charge transfer resistance compared to their MoS2-loaded *** hypothesize that these differences in performance stem from differences in contact resistance and in the favorability of ion adsorption on the chalcogenides.

关键词： aerogel molybdenum disulfide nanomanufacturing rapid resorcinol-formaldehyde supercapacitor transition metal dichalcogenide tungsten disulfide

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Seasonal resource selection of an arboreal habitatspecialist in a human-dominated landscape: A case studyusing red panda

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 1-11页

作者： Damber Bista Greg S.Baxter Nicholas j.Hudson peter j.Murray School of Agriculture and Food Sciences(Wildlife Science Unit) The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Agriculture and Environmental Science University of Southern QueenslandDarling HeightsQLD 4350Australia

Human-dominated landscapes provide heterogeneous wildlife habitat. Conservation of habitat specialists, like red pandas Ailurus fulgens, inhabiting such landscapes is challenging. Therefore, information on resource use across spatial and temporal scales could enable informed-decisionmaking with better conservation outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of geo-physical, vegetation, and disturbance variables on fine-scalehabitat selection of red pandas in one such landscape. We equipped 10 red pandas with GPS collars in eastern Nepal in 2019 and monitoredthem for 1 year. Our analysis was based on a generalized-linear-mixed model. We found the combined effect of geo-physical, vegetation, anddisturbance variables resulted in differences in resource selection of red pandas and that the degree of response to these variables variedacross seasons. Human disturbances, especially road and cattle herding activities, affected habitat utilization throughout the year whereas othervariables were important only during restricted periods. For instance, geo-physical variables were influential in the premating and cub-rearingseasons while vegetation variables were important in all seasons other than premating. Red pandas selected steeper slopes with high solarinsolation in the premating season while they occupied elevated areas and preferred specific aspects in the cub-rearing season. Furthermore,the utilized areas had tall bamboo in the birthing and cub-rearing seasons while they also preferred diverse tree species and high shrub coverin the latter. Our study demonstrates the significance of season-specific management, suggests the importance of specific types of vegetationduring biologically crucial periods, and emphasizes the necessity to minimize disturbances throughout the year.

关键词： Ailurus fulgens anthropogenic disturbances habitat specialists habitat utilization resource use spatio-temporal variation vegetation

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Case-finding for mental distress in primary health care: An evaluation of the performance of a five-item screening instrument

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Health 2013年第3期5卷 627-636页

作者： peter j. Chipimo knut Fylkesnes Centre for International Health Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway Department of Community Medicine School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: There is an increased interest in developing better and more accurate methods to recognize and manage mental health problems in primary care settings. Abbreviated screening instruments for mental distress are useful tools for research and clinical practice. The present study seeks to investigate whether only a few questionnaire items from the Self-Reporting- Questionnaire-10 (SRQ-10) can be a robust method in the screening for Mental Distress in Primary Health care. Methods: We compared the screening accuracy of a short, five-item (SRQ-5) version of the SRQ-10 with that of the SRQ-20, General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12) using the DSM-IV axis as a gold standard and analyzed its performance in different diagnostic entities. We also assessed the correlation, sensitivity and specificity between the 4 instruments. All the instruments were administered to 400 primary health care attendees. Results: The estimated prevalence of mental distress was 13.6% in the study sample (Depression 11%, anxiety disorders 1.8%). The SRQ-5 was highly correlated to SRQ-10 (0.923, p < 0.001), SRQ-20 (0.764, p < 0.001) and only moderately correlated to GHQ-12 (0.417, p < 0.001). The SRQ-5 had high properties for identifying mental distress. The AUC for overall mental distress was 0.925 while that for depression and anxiety were 0.915 and 0.849 respectively. Conclusion: This validation showed that in moving from SRQ with 10 or 20 items to one with merely 5 items, we do not seem to lose the screening prowess of the instrument. The SRQ-5 represents a simplified and less time-consuming screening instrument with strong performance characteristics. We therefore recommend it for inclusion into existing patient assessment protocols, thus enhancing case finding at primary health care level.

关键词： Mental Distress Screening Instruments Validity Primary Health Care SRQ-5 SRQ-10 SRQ-20 GHQ12 DSM-IV Zambia

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Probing deformation mechanisms of gradient nanostructured CrCoNi medium entropy alloy

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第22期54卷 85-91页

作者： j.a Li Li Li Chao j.ang Qihong Fang Feng Liu Yong Liu peter k.Liaw State key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China State key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

The gradient nanostructured medium entropy alloys(MEAs) exhibit a good yielding strength and great plasticity. Here, the mechanical properties, microstructure, and strain gradient in the gradient nanostructured MEA CrCoNi are studied by atomic simulations. The strong gradient stress and strain always occur in the deformed gradient nanograined MEA CrCoNi. The origin of improving strength is attributed to the formation of the 9 R phase, deformation twinning, as well as the fcc to hcp phase transformation, which prevent strain localization. A microstructure-based predictive model reveals that the lattice distortion dependent solid-solution strengthening and grain-boundary strengthening dominate the yield strength,and the dislocation strengthening governs the strain hardening. The present result provides a fundamental understanding of the gradient nanograined structure and plastic deformation in the gradient nanograined MEA, which gives insights for the design of MEAs with higher strengths.

关键词： Medium entropy alloy Gradient nanograined structure Atomic simulation Strengthening Deformation 9R phase Deformation twinning Phase transformation

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Cost-effectiveness of Crohn's disease post-operative care

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2016年第14期22卷 3860-3868页

作者： Emily k Wright Michael A kamm peter Dr Cruz Amy L Hamilton kathryn j.Ritchie Sally j.Bell Steven j.Brown William R Connell Paul V Desmond Danny Liew Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital University of Melbourne Fitzroy VIC 3065 Melbourne Australia Imperial College London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Melbourne EpiCentre University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health Parkville VIC 3010 Melbourne Australia

AIM: To define the cost-effectiveness of strategies, including endoscopy and immunosuppression, to prevent endoscopic recurrence of Crohn’s disease following intestinal ***: In the “POCER” study patients undergoing intestinal resection were treated with post-operative drug therapy. Two thirds were randomized to active care (6 mo colonoscopy and drug intensification for endoscopic recurrence) and one third to drug therapy without early endoscopy. Colonoscopy at 18 mo and faecal calprotectin (FC) measurement were used to assess disease recurrence. Administrative data, chart review and patient questionnaires were collected prospectively over 18 ***: Sixty patients (active care n = 43, standard care n = 17) were included from one health service. Median total health care cost was $6440 per patient. Active care cost $4824 more than standard care over 18 mo. Medication accounted for 78% of total cost, of which 90% was for adalimumab. Median health care cost was higher for those with endoscopic recurrence compared to those in remission [$26347 (IQR 25045-27485) vs $2729 (IQR 1182-5215), P < 0.001]. FC to select patients for colonoscopy could reduce cost by $1010 per patient over 18 mo. Active care was associated with 18% decreased endoscopic recurrence, costing $861 for each recurrence ***: Post-operative management strategies are associated with high cost, primarily medication related. Calprotectin use reduces costs. The long term cost-benefit of these strategies remains to be evaluated.

关键词： Crohn’ s disease Post-operative Health economics Health care cost Biologics

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Why do‘OFF’periods still occur during continuous drug delivery in Parkinson’s disease?

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 280-293页

作者： Silvia Rota Daniele Urso Daniel j.van Wamelen Valentina Leta Iro Boura Per Odin Alberto j.Espay peter j.nner k.Ray Chaudhuri Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK Parkinson’s Foundation Centre of Excellence King’s College HospitalLondonUK Department of Neuroimaging Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain Department of Clinical Research in NeurologyUniversity of Bari‘Aldo Moro“Pia Fondazione Cardinale G.Panico”73039 TricaseItaly Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and BehaviourDepartment of NeurologyRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands School of Medicine University of CreteCreteGreece Department of Neurology University Hospital of HeraklionCreteGreece Division of Neurology Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden University of Cincinnati Gardner Neuroscience Institute Gardner Family Center for Parkinson’s Disease and Movement DisordersDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Life Science and MedicineKing’s College LondonLondonUK.

Continuous drug delivery(CDD)is used in moderately advanced and late-stage Parkinson’s disease(PD)to control motor and non-motor fluctuations(‘OFF’periods).Transdermal rotigotine is indicated for early fluctuations,while subcutaneous apomorphine infusion and levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel are utilised in advanced *** three strategies are considered examples of continuous dopaminergic stimulation achieved through CDD.A central premise of the CDD is to achieve stable control of the parkinsonian motor and non-motor states and avoid emergence of‘OFF’***,data suggest that despite their efficacy in reducing the number and duration of‘OFF’periods,these strategies still do not prevent‘OFF’periods in the middle to late stages of PD,thus contradicting the widely held concepts of continuous drug delivery and continuous dopaminergic *** these emergent‘OFF’periods still occur is *** this review,we analyse the potential reasons for their *** contribution of drug-and device-related involvement,and the problems related to site-specific drug delivery are *** propose that changes in dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic mechanisms in the basal ganglia might render these persistent‘OFF’periods unresponsive to dopaminergic therapy delivered via CDD.

关键词： ‘OFF’periods Continuous drug delivery Continuous dopaminergic stimulation Rotigotine patch Subcutaneous apomorphine infusion Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel

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Serrated flow in NaI:Tl scintillator crystals

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第22期153卷 120-127页

作者： j.mieson Brechtl Xie Xie Rui Feng Gongyao Wang Charles Melcher Mariya Zhuravleva peter k.Liaw The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Scintillation Materials Research Center The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

The serrated-flow behavior is an important phenomenon that unveils material-deformation mechanisms,as reported for various kinds of *** doped with Tl(NaI:Tl)is unique among scintillation ma-terials in that the structure contains glide planes that are linked to serration *** the present work,single crystals of NaI:Tl were subj.cted to room-temperature compression experiments at different strain *** serrated flow was observed,and complexity and multifractal analyses were performed to analyze the serration *** findings revealed that the strain rate had a pronounced effect on the complexity and multifractality of the serrated flow,similar to what has been found in other alloy *** results also indicate that there may be a strong link between the complexity of the serrated flow behavior and the heterogeneity of the underlying *** is expected that the present work could be a step toward a better understanding of the deformation behavior and forgeability of NaI:Tl single crystals.

关键词： Dislocations Ceramic material Mechanical testing Numerical algorithms Scintillator

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Quantum model simulations of attosecond electron diffraction

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第6期53卷 987-1004页

作者： peter BAUM j.rn MANZ Axel SCHILD Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt München Freie Universitt Berlin Institut für Chemie und Biochemie

Ultrafast diffraction with free attosecond electron pulses promises insight into the four-dimensional motion of charge density inatoms,molecules and condensed matter. Here we consider the quantum dynamics of the electron-electron scattering process on anattosecond time scale. By numerically solving the time-dependent two-electron Schrdinger equation,we investigate the interactionof an incoming keV-range electron wavepacket by the bound electron of an aligned H+2 molecule,using a one-dimensional *** findings reveal the ratio of elastic to inelastic contributions,the role of exchange interaction,and the influence of the molecularelectron density to diffraction. Momentum transfer during the scattering process,from the incoming to the bound electron mediatedby the nuclei,leaves the bound electron in a state of coherent oscillation with attosecond recurrences. Entanglement causes relatedstate-selective oscillations in the phase shift of the scattered electron. Two scenarios of distinguishable and indistinguishable freeand bound electrons yield equivalent results,irrespective of the electronic spins. This suggests to employ the scenario of distinguishable electrons,which is computationally less demanding. Our findings support the possibility of using electron diffraction forimaging the motion of charge density,but also suggest the application of free electron pulses for inducing attosecond dynamics.

关键词： ultrafast electron diffraction scattering theory attosecond dynamics entanglement coherence

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Another look at social innovation:From community-For community

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International j.urnal of Innovation Studies 2022年第2期6卷 92-101页

作者： Lisa j.Daniel peter j.nner School of Business and Creative Industries University of the Sunshine CoastFraser CoastQueensland4655Australia

Social innovation(SI)continues to raise interest among scholars and policymakers,as a potential panacea for social disenfranchisement and civic *** is troubling is diverse perspectives of SI abound,creating inconsistencies in methodological approaches which confound theory *** paper clarifies that discussion by considering the locus of initiation and locus of benefit as informing characteristics that differentiate grounded social innovation from other types of well-recognized socially beneficent *** notion of‘from community e for community’is presented to aid understanding of the unique nature of authentically grounded social *** paper is significant as it presents a practical approach to help researchers and practitioners consider where opportunities for targeted policy support,institutional involvement,and agency action can aid community development and wellbeing.

关键词： Social innovation Community markets Social change Community development

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Preliminary Insights into the Habitat Preferences of the Centralian Bandy Bandy (Vermicella vermiformis)(Squamata: Elapidae) in Central Australia

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第1期5卷 49-53页

作者： peter j.MCDONALD Gary W.LUCk Flora and Fauna Division Department of Land Resource Management Northern Territory Government School of Environmental Sciences Charles Sturt University Institude for Land Water and Society Charles Sturt University

Bandy Bandy’s（Vermicella spp.）are a striking,black-and-white ringed genus of small elapid snakes endemic to *** taxa are burrowers and little is known of their biology and *** investigated the habitat preferences of the only arid-dwelling species,the centralian bandy bandy（Vermicella vermiformis）,in the MacDonnell Ranges west of Alice Springs in the Northern *** systematic road-cruising,we encountered *** over a 12 months period between 2009 and *** used logistic regression to model the occurrence of the species against a range of different habitat variables collected at multiple *** the small sample size,*** exhibited a clear preference for acacia shrubland habitats,with acacia variables present in all AICc ranked models in the 95%confidence *** factors driving this association,together with the preference for habitat not burnt in the most recent wildfires,may be related to the abundance of their only known prey,blind snakes（Ramphotyphlops spp.）.

关键词： Snake Arid Acacia Fire Ramphotyphlops

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