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肠易激综合征的饮食疗法对低可发酵性短链碳水化合物饮食的高度期望

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英国医学杂志中文版 2017年第7期20卷 363-364页

作者： Benjamin Lebwohl peter h R green 刘爱玲吕红 Department of Medicine Celiac Disease Center Columbia University New York NY 10032 USA 北京协和医院消化内科

肠易激综合征（irritablebowelsyndrome，IBS）是常见的消化系统疾病，影响全球人口的10％左右。IBS没有明确的生物标志物及根治方法，近年来引入各种治疗药物，包括抗生素（治疗假定的小肠细菌过度生长）和通过液体分泌及肠神经系统调... 详细信息

肠易激综合征（irritablebowelsyndrome，IBS）是常见的消化系统疾病，影响全球人口的10％左右。IBS没有明确的生物标志物及根治方法，近年来引入各种治疗药物，包括抗生素（治疗假定的小肠细菌过度生长）和通过液体分泌及肠神经系统调节肠道动力的药物。虽然，这些药物有其优点，但近年来最受患者欢迎的治疗方法为饮食疗法。

关键词：肠易激综合征饮食疗法可发酵性短链碳水化合物发展现状

Recommendations to quantify villous atrophy in video capsule endoscopy images of celiac disease patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2016年第18期8卷 653-662页

作者： Edward J Ciaccio Govind Bhagat Suzanne K Lewis peter h green Celiac Disease Center Department of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center

AIM To quantify the presence of villous atrophy in endoscopic images for improved *** There are two main categories of quantitative descriptors helpful to detect villous atrophy:(1) Statistical and(2) Syntactic. Statistical descriptors measure the small intestinal substrate in endoscope-acquired images based on mathematical methods. Texture is the most commonly used statistical descriptor to quantify villous atrophy. Syntactic descriptors comprise a syntax, or set of rules, for analyzing and parsing the substrate into a set of objects with boundaries. The syntax is designed to identify and distinguish three-dimensional structures based on their *** The variance texture statistical descriptor is useful to describe the average variability in image gray level representing villous atrophy, but does not determine the range in variability and the spatial relationships between regions. Improved textural descriptors will incorporate these factors, so that areas with variability gradients and regions that are orientation dependent can be distinguished. The protrusion syntactic descriptor is useful to detect three-dimensional architectural components, but is limited to identifying objects of a certain shape. Improvement in this descriptor will require incorporating flexibility to the prototypical template, so that protrusions of any shape can be detected, measured, and *** Improved quantitative descriptors of villous atrophy are being developed, which will be useful in detecting subtle, varying patterns of villous atrophy in the small intestinal mucosa of suspected and known celiac disease patients.

关键词： Celiac disease Endoscopy Small intestine Video capsule Villous atrophy

Use of shape-from-shading to characterize mucosal topography in celiac disease videocapsule images

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第7期9卷 310-318页

作者： Edward J Ciaccio Govind Bhagat Suzanne K Lewis peter h green Department of Medicine Celiac Disease CenterColumbia University Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center

To use a computerized shape-from-shading technique to characterize the topography of the small intestinal mucosa. METhODSVideoclips comprised of 100-200 images each were obtained from the distal duodenum in 8 celiac and 8 control patients. Images with high texture were selected from each videoclip and projected from two to three dimensions by using grayscale pixel brightness as the Z-axis spatial variable. The resulting images for celiac patients were then ordered using the Marsh score to estimate the degree of villous atrophy, and compared with control data. RESULTSTopographic changes in celiac patient three-dimensional constructs were often more variable as compared to controls. The mean absolute derivative in elevation was 2.34 ± 0.35 brightness units for celiacs vs 1.95 ± 0.28 for controls (P = 0.014). The standard deviation of the derivative in elevation was 4.87 ± 0.35 brightness units for celiacs vs 4.47 ± 0.36 for controls (P = 0.023). Celiac patients with Marsh IIIC villous atrophy tended to have the largest topographic changes. Plotted in two dimensions, celiac data could be separated from controls with 80% sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONUse of shape-from-shading to construct three-dimensional projections approximating the actual spatial geometry of the small intestinal substrate is useful to observe features not readily apparent in two-dimensional videocapsule images. This method represents a potentially helpful adjunct to detect areas of pathology during videocapsule analysis.

关键词： Celiac disease Duodenum Shape-from-shading Small intestine Videocapsule

Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 747-753页

作者： peter h.King Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center BirminghamALUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with motor neurons being a primary *** progressive weakness is a hallmark feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,there is considerable heterogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and the underlying triggers for disease *** on longitudinal studies with families harboring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it has become apparent that overt disease is preceded by a prodromal phase,possibly in years,where compensatory mechanisms delay symptom *** 85-90%of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is sporadic,there is a strong need for identifying biomarkers that can detect this prodromal phase as motor neurons have limited capacity for *** Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies work by slowing the degenerative process and are most effective early in the *** muscle,including the neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at the earliest stages of the disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of the prodromal *** accessibility of muscle through biopsy provides a lens into the distal motor system at earlier stages and in real *** advent of“omics”technology has led to the identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and *** technology has opened the door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insight into disease mechanisms.A major challenge is correlating the myriad of dysregulated molecules with clinical or histological progression and understanding their relevance to presymptomatic phases of *** are two major goals of this *** first is to summarize some of the biomarkers identified in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle that have a clinicopathological correlation with disease activi

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers clinicopathological correlation disease progression muscle biomarkers neurogenic atrophy neuromuscular junction non-coding RNAs presymptomatic stages skeletal muscle SOD1G93A mouse model

Quantitative image analysis of celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第9期21卷 2577-2581页

作者： Edward J Ciaccio Govind Bhagat Suzanne K Lewis peter h green Department of Medicine Celiac Disease CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States

We outline the use of quantitative techniques that are currently used for analysis of celiac *** processing techniques can be useful to statistically analyze the pixular data of endoscopic images that is acquired with standard or videocapsule *** is shown how current techniques have evolved to become more useful for gastroenterologists who seek to understand celiac disease and to screen for it in suspected *** directions for focus in the development of methodology for diagnosis and treatment of this disease are *** is evident that there are yet broad areas where there is potential to expand the use of quantitative techniques for improved analysis in suspected or known celiac disease patients.

关键词： Celiac disease Frequency analysis Motility Videoca

Cardiovascular involvement in celiac disease

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第8期9卷 652-666页

作者： Edward J Ciaccio Suzanne K Lewis Angelo B Biviano Vivek Iyer hasan Garan peter h green Department of Medicine Celiac Disease CenterColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Department of Medicine Division of CardiologyColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons

Celiac disease(CD) is an autoimmune response to ingestion of gluten protein, which is found in wheat, rye, and barley grains, and results in both small intestinal manifestations, including villous atrophy, as well as systemic manifestations. The main treatment for the disease is a gluten-free diet(GFD), which typically results in the restoration of the small intestinal villi, and restoration of other affected organ systems, to their normal functioning. In an increasing number of recently published studies, there has been great interest in the occurrence of alterations in the cardiovascular system in untreated CD. herein, published studies in which CD and cardiovascular terms appear in the title of the study were reviewed. The publications were categorized into one of several types:(1) articles(including cohort and case-control studies);(2) reviews and meta-analyses;(3) case studies(one to three patient reports);(4) letters;(5) editorials; and(6) abstracts(used when no full-length work had been published). The studies were subdivided as either heart or vascular studies, and were further characterized by the particular condition that was evident in conjunction with CD. Publication information was determined using the Google Scholar search tool. For each publication, its type and year of publication were tabulated. Salient information from each article was then compiled. It was determined that there has been a sharp increase in the number of CD-cardiovascular studies since 2000. Most of the publications are either of the type "article" or "case study". The largest number of documents published concerned CD in conjunction with cardiomyopathy(33 studies), and there have also been substantial numbers of studies published on CD and thrombosis(27), cardiovascular risk(17), atherosclerosis(13), stroke(12), arterial function(11), and ischemic heart disease(11). Based on the published research, it can be concluded that many types of cardiovascular issues can occur in untreated

关键词： Cardiovascular Celiac disease Gluten heart Vascular

Assessment of four different dietary amino acid profiles recommended for ISA Brown layer hens: A validation study

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 438-446页

作者： Mehdi Toghyani Shemil Macelline Juliano C.de Paula Dorigam peter V.Chrystal peter h.Selle Sonia Y.Liu School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Poultry Research Foundation The University of Sydney Evonik Operations Gmbh

The current feeding study was designed to validate the two dietary essential amino acid profiles(EAAP)established based on linear broken-line(LBL) and quadratic broken-line(QBL) models, in a previous study, against Evonik(AMINOhen) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production(PP, 20 to 44 weeks of age), and post peak production(post PP, 44 to 75 weeks of age). The EAAP based on LBL models on average had 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA(Lys, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, Ile and Val), than the EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectively. The EAAP based on AMINOhen and breeder recommendation had lower digestible AA than QBL, and higher EAAP than LBL models for both production phases. At 20 weeks of age, 224 ISA Brown layer hens were weighed and randomly allocated to individual battery cages. Each of the four diets was replicated 8 times with 7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weights were measured at the end of each week. Feed consumption was measured at the end of each period. The egg production rate was not significantly affected by the diets and remained at around 98.0%(PP) and 95.0%(post PP)(P > 0.05). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass(59.8 vs. 62.0 g egg/hen per day during PP, and 60.3 vs. 63.0 g egg/hen per day during post PP; P had no significant effect on feed intake and body weight(P > 0.05). The highest feed conversion ratio(FCR) during PP(P = 0.067) and post PP(P he birds offered diets based on LBL recommendation. In conclusion, all four EAAP tested in this study support an above average egg production rate. however, the EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease the input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.

关键词： Ideal amino acid profile Regression model Egg production Egg mass

The potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for chicken-meat production

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： peter h.Selle Shemil P.Macelline Mehdi Toghyani Sonia Yun Liu Poultry Research Foundation within the University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneyCamdenNSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneyCamdenNSW 2570Australia

This review explores the potential of including glutamine,a so-called non-essential amino acid,in the formulation of reduced-crude protein(CP)diets for broiler *** is a precedent for benefits when including glycine and serine in reduced-CP *** this is due to decreases in non-essential amino acid concentrations in reduced-CP diets—an unavoidable consequence of reducing CP without amino acid *** situation for glutamine is complicated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely provided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are reported on a combined basis as glutamic *** dietary requirement for glutamic acid is approximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement will be met as dietary CP levels are progressively *** is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of whole-body chicken protein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic plasma where it has been shown to provide 22.6%(139.9 of 620.3μg/mL)of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg CP,wheat-based *** addition to dietary intakes,glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia(Nh3)catalysed by glutamine synthetase,a reaction that is pivotal to Nh3 *** and Nh3 are converted to glutamine by phosphate-dependent glutaminase in the reciprocal reaction;thus,glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino ***,the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rapidly growing broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are probably insufficient in birds offered reduced-CP *** many functional roles of glutamine,including Nh3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis,then become *** feeding studies were identified where dietary glutamine supplementation,usually 10 g/kg,was evaluated in birds kept under thermoneutral ***

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine

Immunological Exploration of helicobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synthetic Glycan Library

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 243-251页

作者： Ming Zhao Guangzong Tian Chunjun Qin Xiaopeng Zou peter h. Seeberger Jing hu Jian Yin Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology & School of Life Sciences and Health EngineeringJiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China Biomolecular Systems Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam14476 Germany Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China

helicobacter pylori(***)infection is a threat to human *** lipopolysaccharide(LPS)O-antigen holds promise for developing *** is meaningful to explore the immunological activity of oligosaccharides with different lengths and frameshifts for antigen ***,a glycan library of *** O2 O-antigen containing eight fragments is *** screening with *** O2 LPS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,the disaccharide hPO2G-2b and trisaccharide hPO2G-3a show strong antigenicity and then are separately conjugated with carrier protein *** glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in *** anti-hPO2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much stronger binding affinity with the LPS and bacteria of *** O2 than the anti-hPO2G-2b IgG *** is no cross-reaction between both sera IgG antibodies with LPS and bacteria of *** O1,O6,and *** results demonstrate the trisaccharide hPO2G-3a is a promising candidate for *** vaccine development.

关键词： Glycoconjugates helicobacter pylori Immunology Microarrays O-antigen Oligosaccharides