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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1401-1413页

作者： Kelly M.Richardson Michele Schiffer perran a.ross Joshua A.Thia Ary A.Hoffmann School of Biosciences Bio21 InstituteThe University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Daintree Rainforest Observatory James Cook UniversityCape TribulationQueenslandAustralia

The Scaptodrosophila genus represents a large group of drosophilids with a worldwide distribution and a predominance of species in Australia,but there is little information on the presence and impacts of Wolbachia endosymbionts in this group.Here we describe the first Wolbachia infection from this group,wClay isolated from Scaptodrosophila claytoni(van Klinken),a species from the east coast of Australia.The infection is polymorphic in natural populations,occurring at a frequency of around 6%–10%.wClay causes male killing,producing female-biased lines;most lines showed 100%male killing,though in 1 line it wasa.ross 24 generations,suggesting it is likely to persist in populations.The infection has not been previously described but is closely related to the male-killing Wolbachia recently described from Drosophila pandora based on multilocus sequence typing and the wsp gene.Male-killing Wolbachia are likely to be common in drosophilids but remain difficult to detect because the infections can often be at a low frequency.

关键词： male-killer multilocus sequence typing phenotypic effects Scaptodrosophila Wolbachia

Public health importance of light intensity physical activity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 674-675页

作者： Robert ross Ian Janssen Mark S.Tremblay School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada School of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismQueen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

1.Light intensity physical activity(PA)benefits health PA guidelines worldwide recommend that adults accumulate 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekly to achieve health benefits.1-3 Absent from these guidelines are recommendations for light intensity PA(LPA,e.g.,walking at a leisurely pace of 3 km/h or less,equivalent to 1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents).

关键词： intensity light benefits

Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp Stephen West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of injury.We aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be appropriate.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive seasons.Players were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,respectively.Symptom,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer vs.shorter).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or improving.Results:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and HIA3.Cognitive and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days absence.Conclusion:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP times.This may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

Limosilactobacillus mucosae FZJTZ26M3 prevents NAFLD in mice through modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen Li Mengfan Ding RPaul ross Catherine Stanton Jianxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this study.Fourweek-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZJTZ26M3,FGSYC17L3).L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of therapy.According to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Liver pathology showed that L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD mice.Additionally,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism.Furthermore,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Generally,L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.

关键词： Limosilactobacillus mucosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Probiotic Lipid metabolism Gut microbiota

The use of oral human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis in pregnant and lactating women in sub-Saharan Africa:considerations,barriers,and recommendations Author links open overlay panel

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Global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 41-45页

作者： Enos Moyo Grant Murewanhema Perseverance Moyo Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Andrew ross School of Nursing&Public Health College of Health SciencesUniversity of Kwa-Zulu NatalDurbanSouth Africa Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe Medical Centre Oshakati OshakatiNamibia School of Health Systems and Public Health University of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

In sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),63%of new human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections in 2021 were among women,particularly adolescent girls,and young women.There is a high incidence of HIV among pregnant and lactating women(PLW)in SSA.It is estimated that the risk of HIV-acquisition during pregnancy and the postpartum period more than doubles.In this article,we discuss the safety and effectiveness of drugs used for oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP),considerations for initiating PrEP in PLW,the barriers to initiating and adhering to PrEP among them and suggest recommendations to address these barriers.Tenofovir/emtricitabine,the most widely used combination in SSA,is safe,clinically effective,and cost-effective among PLW.Any PLW who requests PrEP and has no medical contraindications should receive it.PrEP users who are pregnant or lactating may experience barriers to starting and adhering for a variety of reasons,including personal,pill-related,and healthcare facility-related issues.To address the barriers,we recommend an increased provision of information on PrEP to the women and the communities,increasing and/or facilitating access to PrEP among the PLW,and developing strategies to increase adherence.

关键词： Pre-exposure prophylaxis Pregnancy Lactation Safety Barriers Recommendations

Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-19页

作者： Xiwei Fan Antonia Rujia Sun Reuben S.E.Young Isaac O.Afara Brett R.Hamilton Louis Jun Ye Ong ross Crawford Indira Prasadam Centre for Biomedical Technologies Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Mechanical Medical&Process EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Central Analytical Research Facility Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Molecular Horizons University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringArchitecture and Information TechnologyUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia The Prince Charles Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues,including cartilage,bone,synovium,and adipose tissues.OA presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes,including inflammatory,metabolic,mechanical,genetic,and synovial variants.Consequently,innovative technologies are needed to support the development of effective diagnostic and precision therapeutic approaches.Traditional analysis of bulk OA tissue extracts has limitations due to technical constraints,causing challenges in the differentiation between various physiological and pathological phenotypes in joint tissues.This issue has led to standardization difficulties and hindered the success of clinical trials.Gaining insights into the spatial variations of the cellular and molecular structures in OA tissues,encompassing DNA,RNA,metabolites,and proteins,as well as their chemical properties,elemental composition,and mechanical attributes,can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease subtypes.Spatially resolved biology enables biologists to investigate cells within the context of their tissue microenvironment,providing a more holistic view of cellular function.Recent advances in innovative spatial biology techniques now allow intact tissue sections to be examined using various-omics lenses,such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,with spatial data.This fusion of approaches provides researchers with critical insights into the molecular composition and functions of the cells and tissues at precise spatial coordinates.Furthermore,advanced imaging techniques,including high-resolution microscopy,hyperspectral imaging,and mass spectrometry imaging,enable the visualization and analysis of the spatial distribution of biomolecules,cells,and tissues.Linking these molecular imaging outputs to conventional tissue histology can facilitate a more comprehensive characterization of disease phenotypes.This review summarizes the recent advancements in the molecular imaging modali

关键词： insight Spatial enable

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完美数及其相关问题

数学进展 2024年第4期 673-689页

作者：蔡天新 Tyler ross 浙江大学数学科学学院

完美数问题是最古老的数学问题之一,可能来源于古希腊的毕达哥拉斯学派,被意大利当代数学家奥迪弗雷迪列为面向21世纪的“四大数学难题”之首.本文对古老的完美数问题及相关的梅森素数进行综述,尤其是对其拓展为平方完美数、立方完美数... 详细信息

完美数问题是最古老的数学问题之一,可能来源于古希腊的毕达哥拉斯学派,被意大利当代数学家奥迪弗雷迪列为面向21世纪的“四大数学难题”之首.本文对古老的完美数问题及相关的梅森素数进行综述,尤其是对其拓展为平方完美数、立方完美数及S-完美数以后所产生的问题进行了综述.

关键词：完美数平方完美数立方完美数 S-完美数

Application of Cooperative Learning and Flipped Classrooms in University Basketball Courses in China

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第6期8卷 36-43页

作者： Yun-Jie Li Wan Norizan Wan Hashim ross Azura Zahit Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Universiti Malaysia Sarawak94300 Kota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia Qilu Institute of Technology Jinan 250200Shandong ProvinceChina

This study investigates the application of the teaching model combining cooperative learning and flipped classrooms in university basketball courses in China.By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional basketball teaching model and students’satisfaction with the course,the necessity of implementing cooperative learning and flipped classrooms is proposed.The study planned in detail the implementation strategies before class,in the classroom,and after class,and compared them with the control group through an experimental design.The experimental results showed that the new teaching mode demonstrated significant advantages in terms of learning outcomes,student satisfaction,and teacher evaluation.This study provides a valuable reference for the future reform of the physical education curriculum.

关键词： Cooperative learning Flipped classroom Teaching reform Basketball course Online publication:July 3,2024

Fit to fight——from military hygiene to wellbeing in the British Army

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 482-488页

作者： Martin C.M.Bricknell Colonel David a.ross Health and Military Medicine Conflict and Health Research GroupSchool of Security StudiesKing’s College LondonStrand CampusLondon WC2R 2LSUK Parkes Professor of Preventive Medicine Robertson HouseCamberley GU154NAUK

This paper reviews the historical evolution of the language and organization surrounding the health of personnel in the British Army from‘hygiene’through to‘wellbeing’.It starts by considering the health of the army in the midnineteenth century and the emergence of military hygiene as a professional subject.It continues by looking at advances in military hygiene in the two world wars.Hygiene was replaced by the term‘health’in the 1950 s as the collective noun used by professionals working in this field.This unity split when the professions of occupational medicine and public health established separate faculties and training pathways.However,the health issues for the armed forces remain fundamentally unchanged.Going forward,the term‘wellbeing’is helping to refresh the close relationships between executives,their medical advisers and those within the population of health professions charged with keeping the British Army healthy.The core theme is the collaborations between civil society,executive leadership and medical services in maximizing the health of the military population from recruitment through to life as a veteran.

关键词： Public health Hygiene Occupational medicine

Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 regulates bone development in growing BALB/c mice via gut microbiota and metabolites to balance bone formation and resorption

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Bowen Li Mengfan Ding Xiaoming Liu Haiqin Chen Jianxin Zhao R.Paul ross Catherine Stanton Shilong Jiang Wei Chen Bo Yang Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division Innovation Center Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd. National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health Jiangnan University Teagasc Food Research Centre

This study endeavors to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on bone formation and resorption balance in growing BALB/c mice. Newborn BALB/c mice were assigned to the control group (administration saline) and the CCFM1078 group (administration B. breve CCFM1078， 3 × 109CFU/day) in 3-， 4-， and 5-week tests. All the groups have male and female distinctions. Our findings demonstrate that B. breve CCFM1078 exerts on the dynamic equilibrium between bone formation and resorption during the critical period of growth in mice by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites (hexadecanamide， linoleoyl ethanolamide， and palmitoyl ethanolamide)， the genes and proteins expression related to the GH/IGF-1 axis and Gs/PKA/CREB signaling pathways， as well as downstream osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation factors. The effects of B. breve CCFM1078 were different with age and gender dependent. This finding suggests B. breve CCFM1078 may have potential applications in regulating bone metabolism in the growth period population.

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