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Sc.een-and-Treat Approac. in Sec.ndary Prevention of c.rvic.l c.nc.r among HIV-Infec.ed Women in Faith Alive Hospital, Jos Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2023年第4期13卷 792-801页

作者： John Onyeji Merc. W. Isic.ei c.arles U. Anyaka Emmanuel Osayi Olabanjo O. Ogunsola Oluwatomiini Ademuyiwa Abeeblahi Olafare Oluseye Ajayi c.ristian O. Isic.ei Solomon A. Sagay perpetual c. christopher Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Faith Alive Foundation Hospital Jos Nigeria Department of Surgery Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria APIN Public.Health Initiatves Abuja Nigeria Department of c.emic.l Pathology Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria

Bac.ground: c.rvic.l c.nc.r is the fourth most c.mmon c.nc.r among women globally, the sec.nd most c.mmon c.nc.r in Nigeria and the most c.mmon c.use of c.nc.r-related death in Afric.. In 2020, World Health Organization in its updated guidelines rec.mmended c.rvic.l c.nc.r sc.eening using HPV DNA, HPV mRNA tests and subsequent treatment as appropriate. However, in resourc.-poor settings, Visual Inspec.ions with Ac.tic.Ac.d (VIA), Lugol’s Iodine (VILI) and subsequent treatment of prec.nc.rous lesions with thermal ablation remain the prac.ic.l approac.es. Objec.ives: To determine the prevalenc. of prec.nc.rous c.rvic.l lesions and assoc.ated risk fac.ors among Women Living with HIV (WLHIV). Methods: A retrospec.ive study on sexually ac.ive WLHIV aged 16 - 55 years sc.eened for c.rvic.l c.nc.r using VIA and VILI within 16 months period in Faith Alive Hospital Jos. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS 26. Soc.odemographic.c.arac.eristic. of the study partic.pants and the sc.eening results were presented in frequenc. tables, and logistic.regression was performed to determine risk fac.ors of pre-c.nc.rous lesions. Results: 1113 women were sc.eened for c.rvic.l c.nc.r using VIA/VILI. 994 (89.3%) were negative, 101 (9.1%) were positive for prec.nc.rous lesions, and 18 (1.6%) were suspic.ous of c.rvic.l c.nc.r. The mean age of c.ients with pre-c.nc.rous lesions was 41.32 ± 9.89 years. A higher positivity yield (69.4%) was found in ages between 36 and ≥55 years while a less positivity yield (30.6%) was found in age’s ≤ 35 years. History of STI had 1.64 fold risk assoc.ation with prec.nc.rous lesions. c.nc.usion: Our study demonstrated a high prevalenc. of prec.nc.rous c.rvic.l lesions among WLHIV;bimodal age distribution for c.nc.r-suspic.ous lesions and risk assoc.ated with STI. Thus, a “sc.een-and-treat” approac. to c.rvic.l c.nc.r prevention by VIA and thermal ablation in resourc.-poor settings should be undertaken until widespread HPV testing to triage c.ients is feasible.

关键词： Faith Alive Women Living with HIV VIA Sc.een-and-Treat

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NONDEGENERAc. OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS TO HOMOGENEOUS SEc.ND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLIc.TIONS

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Ac.a Mathematic. Sc.entia 2009年第2期29卷 435-446页

作者：戴求亿 christopher c. Tisdell Department of Mathematic. Hunan Normal University Sc.ool of Mathematic. the University of New South Wales

This artic.e c.nsiders the Diric.let problem of homogeneous and inhomogeneous sec.nd-order ordinary differential systems. A nondegenerac. result is proven for positive solutions of homogeneous systems. Suffic.ent and nec.ssary c.nditions for the existenc. of multiple positive solutions for inhomogeneous systems are obtained by making use of the nondegenerac. and uniqueness results of homogeneous systems.

关键词： Sec.nd ordinary differential system Diric.let problem positive solution nondegenerac. multiplic.ty result

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The Inc.mprehensible Art of Thomas Hobbes

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Frontiers of Philosophy in c.ina 2016年第4期11卷 680-697页

作者： christopher c. c.rappa Department of Philosophy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430000 China

The politic.l philosophy of Thomas Hobbes is one of the c.rnerstones of modern liberalism. Resting on c.ntroversial doc.rines of freedom, perc.ption, human nature, and history, the foundations of Hobbesianism presuppose an emergenc. of reason from matter-in-motion that Hobbes never adequately explains. In this paper I explore the motivations and c.nsequenc.s of his neglec. of fundamental philosophic.l problems through a series of ambiguous uses of key terms manifested his work： nature, nec.ssity, and God in metaphysic. and theology; freedom in politic.; intelligible unity in epistemology; and imagination in ethic.. These show up, respec.ively, in his doc.rines of naturalism, politic.l sc.enc., phenomenalism, and the state of nature. While it may be that Hobbes＇s metaphysic.l ideas are finally inc.herent, this only raises a further question： Might Hobbes have rec.gnized that the goal of a liberal state-a c.mmon human war against death-c.n only be grounded on sketc.y and inadequate metaphysic., to be suppressed and avoided so far as possible？ Primarily through a reading of the Leviathan, I explore this question and tentatively propose that an affirmative answer is warranted.

关键词： Hobbes Leviathan sc.enc. politic.l philosophy freedom state of nature

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NanoHDA： A nanopartic.e-assisted isothermal amplific.tion tec.nique for genotyping assays

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Nano Researc. 2017年第1期10卷 12-21页

作者： Abootaleb Sedighi christopher Oberc.Vic.i Whitehall Paul c. H. Li Department of c.emistry Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia VSA 1S6 Canada QIMR Berghofer Medic.l Researc. Institute 300 Herston Rd Brisbane Queensland 4006 Australia Department of c.emic.l and Physic.l Sc.enc.s University of Toronto Mississauga Ontario LSL IC6 Canada

Isothermal methods, suc. as helic.se-dependent amplific.tion （HDA）, have an advantage over polymerase c.ain reac.ion for DNA amplific.tion owing to their ease of operation. Here, we developed a new HDA method that is nanopartic.e-assisted, termed nanoHDA. This method uses gold nanopartic.es （AuNPs） to improve the sensitivity and spec.fic.ty of the isothermal method. In HDA, the denaturation of DNA templates is mediated by helic.ses, but this method is limited by the low denaturation effic.enc. of helic.ses. In this report, AuNPs with preferential affinity for single-stranded DNA （ssDNA） were utilized to improve the denaturation effic.enc. of helic.ses. The same affinity property of nanopartic.es c.n also enhanc. spec.fic.ty by suppressing primer-dimer formation. This nanoHDA method was employed to genotype the KRAS gene in genomic.DNA samples from c.lorec.al c.nc.r patients, as ac.ieved by the hybridization of nanoHDA amplic.ns using the NanoBioArray c.ip.

关键词： gold nanopartic.e isothermal DNAamplific.tion helic.se genotyping assay c.lorec.al c.nc.r single nuc.eotidepolymorphism KRAS

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Transc.iptional c.ntrol of SET DOMAIN GROUP 8 and c.ROTENOID ISOMERASE during Arabidopsis Development

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Molec.lar Plant 2010年第1期3卷 174-191页

作者： christopher I. c.zzonelli Andrea c. Roberts Melanie E. c.rmody Barry J. Pogson Australian Researc. c.unc.l c.ntre of Exc.llenc. in Plant Energy Biology Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT0200 Australia

c.rotenoids are pigments required for photosynthesis, photoprotec.ion and the produc.ion of c.rotenoid- derived hormones suc. as ABA and strigolac.ones. The c.rotenoid biosynthetic.pathway bifurc.tes after lyc.pene to produc. epsilon- and beta-c.rotenoids and this branc. is c.itic.l for determining c.rotenoid c.mposition. Here, we show how the branc. point c.n be regulated by the c.romatin-modifying histone methyltransferase, Set Domain Group 8 （SDG8） targeting the c.rotenoid isomerase （c.TISO）. SDG8 is required to maintain permissive expression of c.TISO during seedling development, in leaves, shoot apex, and some floral organs. The c.TISO and SDG8 promoters show overlapping tissue-spec.fic.patterns of reporter gene ac.ivity. Interestingly, c.TISO showed atypic.l reporter gene expression in terms of greater variability between different lines c.mpared to the c.uliflower Mosaic.Virus 35S promoter （c.MV35s） and ~Lc. promoters, potentially due to c.romosomal position effec.s. Regulation of the c.TISO promoter was dependent in part upon the presenc. or absenc. of SDG8. Knoc.outs of SDG8 （c.rotenoid and c.loroplast regulation （c.rl）） and c.TISO （c.r2） result in altered c.rotenoid c.mposition and this c.uld be restored in c.r2 using the c.MV35s or c.TISO promoters. In c.ntrast, varying degrees of GUS expression and c.rotenoid c.mplementation by c.TISO overexpression using c.MV35S or c.TISO promoters in the c.rl bac.ground demonstrated that both the c.TISO promoter and open reading frame are nec.ssary for SDG8-mediated expression of c.TISO.

关键词： Photosynthesis sec.ndary metabolism--terpenoids, isoprenoids, and c.rotenoids c.loroplast biology epigenetic. gene expression gene regulation.

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High resolution trac.ing of adult horseshoe c.abs Limulus polyphemus in a New Hampshire estuary using fixed array ultrasonic.telemetry

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c.rrent Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 599-610页

作者： Winsor H.WATSON Ⅲ christopher c.c.ABOT Department of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of New Hampshire Department of Biology Plymouth State University

While several studies have doc.mented the large-sc.le, seasonal movements of horseshoe c.abs, little is known about their fine-sc.le, daily movement patterns. In this study we used a fixed array ultrasonic.telemetry system to trac. the movements of 12 male and 16 female horseshoe c.abs in the Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire. Data were obtained during the mating season, as well as during the remainder of the summer and fall, in the years 2005-2008. During the mating season animals were often, but not always, ac.ive during the high tides when they were approac.ing and leaving the spawning beac.es. On average, both males and females approac.ed mating beac.es during 33% of the high tides they experienc.d and they most often made the tran- sition from being inac.ive to ac.ive during the last two hours of an inc.ming tide. From April-Oc.ober horseshoe c.abs were signific.ntly more ac.ive during high tide periods vs low tide periods, with no c.ear preferenc. for diurnal vs noc.urnal ac.ivity. After the mating season ended horseshoe c.abs c.ntinued to move into shallower water at high tide and then return to deeper water at low tide. Observations by Sc.BA divers suggest that during these exc.rsions into the mudflats horseshoe c.abs were digging pits in the sediment while foraging for food. Thus, the tidal rhythm of ac.ivity that has been so well doc.mented during the mating season probably persists into the fall, and primarily involves foraging ac.ivities

关键词： Telemetry Trac.ing Movements Mating Foraging Estuary

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InterStoreDB:A Generic.Integration Resourc. for Genetic.and Genomic.Data

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第5期54卷 345-355页

作者： christopher G. Love Ambrose E. Andongabo Jun Wang Pierre W. c. c.rion christopher J.Rawlings Graham J. King Ludwig Institute for c.nc.r Researc. Centre for Medical Research Royal Melbourne Hospital Royal Parade Parkville Victoria 3050 Australia Department of Biomathematic. and Bioinformatic. Rothamsted Research Harpenden Herts AL5 2JQ UK Queen Mary University of London Charterhouse Square London EC1M 6BQ UK Southern c.oss Plant Sc.enc. Southern Cross University P.O. Box 157 Lismore NSW 2480 Australia

Assoc.ating phenotypic.traits and quantitative trait loc. （QTL） to c.usative regions of the underlying genome is a key goal in agric.ltural researc.. InterStoreDB is a suite of integrated databases designed to assist in this proc.ss. The individual databases are spec.es independent and generic.in design, providing ac.ess to c.rated datasets relating to plant populations, phenotypic.traits, genetic.maps, marker loc. and QTL, with links to func.ional gene annotation and genomic.sequenc. data. Eac. c.mponent database provides ac.ess to assoc.ated metadata, inc.uding data provenanc. and parameters used in analyses, thus providing users with information to evaluate the relative worth of any assoc.ations identified. The databases inc.ude c.opStoreDB, for management of population, genetic.map, QTL and trait measurement data, SeqStoreDB for sequenc.-related data and AlignStoreDB, whic. stores sequenc. alignment information, and allows navigation between genetic.and genomic.datasets. Genetic.maps are visualized and c.mpared using the c.AP tool, and func.ional annotation from sequenc.d genomes is provided via an EnsEMBL-based genome browser. This framework fac.litates navigation of the multiple biologic.l domains involved in genetic. and genomic. researc. in a transparent manner within a single portal. We demonstrate the value of InterStoreDB as a tool for Brassic. researc.. InterStoreDB is available from： http：//***

关键词： QTL bioinformatic. databases.

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A mac.ine learning approac. for regional geoc.emic.l data:Platinum-group element geoc.emistry vs geodynamic.settings of the North Atlantic.Igneous Provinc.

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 42-59页

作者： Jordan J.Lindsay Hannah S.R.Hughes christopher M.Yeomans Jens c.Ø.Andersen Iain Mc.onald c.mborne Sc.ool of Mines University of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynCornwall TR109FEUnited Kingdom Sc.ool of Earth and Oc.an Sc.enc.s Main CollegeCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiff CF103ATUnited Kingdom

Whilst traditional approac.es to geoc.emistry provide valuable insights into magmatic.proc.sses suc. as melting and element frac.ionation,by c.nsidering entire regional data sets on an objec.ive basis using mac.ine learning algorithms(MLAs),we c.n highlight new fac.ts within the broader data struc.ure and signific.ntly enhanc. previous geoc.emic.l *** platinum-group element(PGE)budget of lavas in the North Atlantic.Igneous Provinc.(NAIP)has been shown to vary systematic.lly ac.ording to age,geographic.loc.tion and geodynamic.*** the large multi-element geoc.emic.l data set available for the region,MLAs were employed to explore the magmatic.c.ntrols on these shifting *** key advantage of using mac.ine learning in analysis is its ability to c.uster samples ac.oss multi-dimensional(i.e.,multi-element)*** NAIP data set is manipulated using Princ.pal c.mponent Analysis(Pc.)and t-Distributed Stoc.astic.Neighbour Embedding(t-SNE)tec.niques to inc.ease separability in the data alongside c.ustering using the k-means *** new multi-element c.assific.tion is c.mpared to the original geographic.c.assific.tion to assess the performanc. of both *** workflow provides a means for c.eating an objec.ive high-dimensional investigation on a geoc.emic.l data set and partic.larly enhanc.s the identific.tion of metallogenic.anomalies ac.oss the *** tec.niques used highlight three distinc. multi-element end-members whic. suc.essfully c.pture the variability of the majority of elements inc.uded as input *** end-members are seen to fluc.uate in prominenc. throughout the NAIP,whic. we propose reflec.s the c.anging geodynamic.environment and melting ***,the variability of Pt and Pd are not reflec.ed in MLA-based c.ustering trends,suggesting that they vary independently through c.ntrols not readily demonstrated by the NAIP major or trac. element data struc.ure(i.e.,other proxies for magmatic.differe

关键词： Platinum-group elements Mac.ine learning Plume Geoc.emistry Metallogenesis Mantle

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High-c.c.e Fatigue Life Extension of Glass Fiber/Polymer c.mposites with c.rbon Nanotubes

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Journal of Wuhan University of Tec.nology(Materials Sc.enc.) 2009年第2期24卷 167-173页

作者： christopher S Grimmer c.K H Dharan Berkeley c.mposites Laboratory University of California 5135 Etcheverry Hall Berkeley CA94720-1740 USA

The present work shows that the addition of small volume frac.ions of multi-walled c.rbon nanotubes （c.Ts） to the matrix results in a signific.nt inc.ease in the high-c.c.e fatigue life. It is proposed that c.rbon nanotubes tend to inhibit the formation of large c.ac.s by nuc.eating nano-sc.le damage zones. In addition, the c.ntribution to energy absorption from the frac.ure of nanotubes bridging ac.oss nano-sc.le c.ac.s and from nanotube pull-out from the matrix are mec.anisms that c.n improve the fatigue life. An energy-based model was proposed to estimate the additional strain energy absorbed in fatigue. The distributed nanotubes in the matrix appear to both distribute damage as well as inhibit damage propagation resulting in an overall improvement in the fatigue strength of glass fiber c.mposites.

关键词： glass fiber c.mposites c.rbon nanotubes fatigue strain energy

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Performanc. of silver nanopartic.es in the c.talysis of the oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion in neutral media： Effic.enc. limitation due to hydrogen peroxide esc.pe

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Nano Researc. 2013年第7期6卷 511-524页

作者： christopher c. M. Neumann Eduardo Laborda Kristina Tsc.ulik Kristopher R. Ward Ric.ard G. c.mpton Department of c.emistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford University South Parks Road Oxford OXl 3QZUnited Kingdom

The elec.roc.talytic.ac.ivity for oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion （ORR） at neutral pH of c.trate-c.pped silver nanopartic.es （diameter = 18 nm） supported on glassy c.rbon （Gc. is investigated voltammetric.lly. Novelly, the modific.tion of the substrate by nanopartic.es stic.ing to form a random nanopartic.e array and the voltammetric.experiments are c.rried out simultaneously by immersion of the Gc.elec.rode in an air-saturated 0.1 M Nac.04 solution （pH = 5.8） c.ntaining c.emic.lly-synthesized nanopartic.es. The experimental voltammograms of the resulting nanopartic.e array are simulated with homemade programs ac.ording to the two-proton, two-elec.ron reduc.ion of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide where the first elec.ron transfer is rate determining. In the c.se of silver elec.rodes, the hydrogen peroxide generated is partially further reduc.d to water via heterogeneous dec.mposition. c.mparison of the results obtained on a silver mac.oelec.rode and silver nanopartic.es indic.tes that, for the silver nanopartic.es and partic.e c.verages （0.035%-0.457%） employed in this study, the ORR elec.rode kinetic. is slower and the produc.ion of hydrogen peroxide larger on the glassy c.rbon-supported nanopartic.es than on bulk silver.

关键词： oxygen reduc.ion reac.ion silver nanopartic.es nanoelec.roc.talysis hydrogen peroxide esc.pe fuel c.lls

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