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Hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron oxide at 700℃:Heterogeneity at pellet and microstructure scales

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第10期29卷 1901-1907页

作者： Yan Ma Isnaldi R.Souza Filho Xue Zhang Supriya Nandy pere barriobero-vila Guillermo Requena Dirk Vogel Michael Rohwerder Dirk Ponge Hauke Springer Dierk Raabe Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung Max-Planck-Straße 140237 DüsseldorfGermany Corrosion Center Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Institute of Materials Research German Aerospace Center(DLR)Linder Höhe51147 CologneGermany Lehr-und Forschungsgebiet Metallische Strukturen und Werkstoffsysteme für die Luft-und Raumfahrt RWTH Aachen University52062 AachenGermany Institut für Bildsame Formgebung RWTH Aachen UniversityIntzestraße 1052072 AachenGermany

Steel production causes a third of all industrial CO_(2) emissions due to the use of carbon-based substances as reductants for iron ores,making it a key driver of global ***,research efforts aim to replace these reductants with sustainably produced ***-based direct reduction(HyDR)is an attractive processing technology,given that direct reduction(DR)furnaces are routinely operated in the steel industry but with CH_(4) or CO as *** diffuses considerably faster through shaft-furnace pellet agglomerates than carbon-based ***,the net reduction kinetics in HyDR remains extremely sluggish for high-quantity steel production,and the hydrogen consumption exceeds the stoichiometrically required amount ***,the present study focused on the improved understanding of the influence of spatial gradients,morphology,and internal microstructures of ore pellets on reduction efficiency and metallization during *** this purpose,commercial DR pellets were investigated using synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy in conjunction with electron backscatter diffraction and chemical *** the interplay of different phases with internal interfaces,free surfaces,and associated nucleation and growth mechanisms provides a basis for developing tailored ore pellets that are highly suited for a fast and efficient HyDR.

关键词： hydrogen-based direct reduction iron oxide microstructure spatial gradient metallization

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True cicadas (Cicadidae) as prey for the birds of the Western Palearctic: a review

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Avian Research 2020年第2期11卷 174-182页

作者： pere Pons Departament de Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Girona

Background:True cicadas(Cicadidae)are large and temporarily abundant *** availability may produce demographic and behavioural effects on bird populations,as happens with forest avifauna feeding on periodical cicadas in North *** Europe,the Near East and North Africa,knowledge of cicada predation by birds is ***:To help fill this gap,I consulted Cramp’s Birds of the Western Palearctic,conducted a search of online databases and used search engines to generate a database of Western Palearctic birds known to eat ***:A total of 105 species(16%of those occurring in the region)belonging to 13 orders,and comprising 20 of the 33 passerine families,were found to consume cicadas.I estimated that 69 of these bird species are known to consume cicadas within the limits of the Western *** terrestrial birds predate on cicadas,preferably on *** predators include cuckoos,owls,bee-eaters,woodpeckers,falcons,reed-warblers,larks,crows and jays,buntings,shrikes,pipits and wagtails,flycatchers and chats,tits,sparrows,leaf-warblers,starlings,warblers and thrushes,but also terns and *** are consumed by some passerines,owls and *** can make up as much as 70%of food items delivered to *** of stomach contents and neck collar samples are the most common methods used in diet ***:Available knowledge is biased towards species that have been more intensively studied,and often lack proper quantification of prey *** studies about the relative importance of cicadas as prey for birds in the Western Palearctic are needed.I suggest using non-invasive studies based on pellets and droppings and prioritizing declining bird species.

关键词： Bird species Cicadidae Cramp’s handbook Diet studies Predator-prey relationships

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Is there a genetic signature for liver metastasis in colorectal cancer?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5832-5844页

作者： Cristina Nadal Joan Maurel pere Gascon Servei Oncologia Mèdica Institut Clínic de Malalties Hemato-Oncològiques Hospital Clínic de Barcelona c/Villarroel 170 Barcelona 08036 Spain

Even though liver metastasis accounts for the vast majority of cancer deaths in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), fundamental questions about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of liver metastasis still remain unanswered. Determination of gene expression profiles by microarray technology has improved our knowledge of CRC molecular pathways. However, defined gene signatures are highly variable among studies. Expression profiles and molecular markers have been specifically linked to liver metastases mechanistic paths in CRC. However, to date, none of the identified signatures or molecular markers has been successfully validated as a diagnostic or prognostic tool applicable to routine clinical practice. To obtain a genetic signature for liver metastasis in CRC, measures to improve reproducibility, to increase consistency, and to validate results need to be implemented. Alternatives to expression profiling with microarray technology are continuing to be used. In the recent past, many genes codifying for proteins that are directly or indirectly involved in adhesion, invasion, angiogenesis, survival and cell growth have been linked to mechanisms of liver metastases in CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Liver metastasis Genetic signature Expression profile Arrays

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Phylobone: a comprehensive database of bone extracellular matrix proteins in human and model organisms

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Bone Research 2023年第3期11卷 617-624页

作者： Margalida Fontcuberta-Rigo Miho Nakamura pere Puigbò Medicity Research Laboratory Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TurkuTykistökatu 620520 TurkuFinland Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering Tokyo Medical and Dental University2-3-10 Kanda-SurugadaiChiyodaTokyo 1010062Japan Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University6-6 Aramaki Aza AobaAoba-kuSendaiMiyagi 9808579Japan Department of Biology University of Turku20500 TurkuFinland Eurecat Technology Center of Catalonia.Nutrition and Health UnitReus 43204 CataloniaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology University Rovira i Virgili43007 TarragonaCataloniaSpain

The bone extracellular matrix(ECM) contains minerals deposited on highly crosslinked collagen fibrils and hundreds of noncollagenous proteins. Some of these proteins are key to the regulation of bone formation and regeneration via signaling pathways,and play important regulatory and structural roles. However, the complete list of bone extracellular matrix proteins, their roles, and the extent of individual and cross-species variations have not been fully captured in both humans and model organisms. Here, we introduce the most comprehensive resource of bone extracellular matrix(ECM) proteins that can be used in research fields such as bone regeneration, osteoporosis, and mechanobiology. The Phylobone database(available at https://***) includes 255proteins potentially expressed in the bone extracellular matrix(ECM) of humans and 30 species of vertebrates. A bioinformatics pipeline was used to identify the evolutionary relationships of bone ECM proteins. The analysis facilitated the identification of potential model organisms to study the molecular mechanisms of bone regeneration. A network analysis showed high connectivity of bone ECM proteins. A total of 214 functional protein domains were identified, including collagen and the domains involved in bone formation and resorption. Information from public drug repositories was used to identify potential repurposing of existing drugs. The Phylobone database provides a platform to study bone regeneration and osteoporosis in light of(biological) evolution,and will substantially contribute to the identification of molecular mechanisms and drug targets.

关键词： drugs matrix database

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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate treatment to promote neuroprotection and functional recovery after nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1390-1392页

作者： pere Boadas-Vaello Enrique Verdú Research Group of Clinical Anatomy Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA) Universitat de Girona Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Sciences

Traumatic spinal cord injury （SCI） causes motor paralysis, sensory anesthesia and autonomic dysfunction below the le- sion site and additionally some SCI patients refer neuropathic pain together with these signs and symptoms. Clinical and experimental studies have revealed the main pathological changes of injured spinal cord implicated in all these signs and symptoms, including neuropathic pain. After few hours of traumatic SCI, it is usual to observe broken blood brain barrier with plasma and blood cells extravasation, cell necrosis, disruption of ascending and descending spinal cord pathways and increased potassium and glutamate. Glutamate contributes to excitotoxicity of neurons whereas potassium facilitates ectopic depolarization of survival neurons and activation of resident microglia.

关键词： EGCG JAK STAT NF Epigallocatechin-3-gallate treatment to promote neuroprotection and functional recovery after nervous system injury SCI

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Comparison Between Modal Analysis and Impedance-based Methods for Analysing Stability of Unbalanced Microgrids with Grid-forming Electronic Power Converters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1269-1281页

作者： Sauro J.Yague Aurelio García-Cerrada pere Palacín Farré IQS School of Engineering Ramón Llull UniversityVia Augusta 39008017 BarcelonaSpain Institute for Research in Technology ICAI School of EngineeringComillas Pontifical UniversityAlberto Aguilera 2328015 MadridSpain

Stability in unbalanced power systems has deserved little attention in the *** the importance of this scenario in distribution systems with distributed generation,this paper revisits modal analysis techniques for stability studies in power systems,and explains how to tackle unbalanced power systems with voltage-dependent *** procedure is described in detail and applied to a low-voltage(LV)simple case study with two grid-forming electronic power converters and unbalanced *** are then compared with those obtained with the popular impedance-based *** the latter is easier to implement using simulation or field data,the former requires complete information of the system,but gives a better insight into the *** both methods are based on a small-signal approximation of the system,they provide similar results,but they discern different information.A larger second case study based on an LV CIGRE distribution system is also *** are obtained using a detailed Simulink model of the microgrids with electronic power converters.

关键词： Stability microgrid modal analysis impedancebased method unbalanced distribution system

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The relationship between fire severity and burning efficiency for estimating wildfire emissions in Mediterranean forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第5期34卷 1195-1206页

作者： Bountouraby Balde Cristina Vega-Garcia pere Joan Gelabert Aitor Ameztegui Marcos Rodrigues Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure19125198 LleidaSpain Department of Geography and Land Management University of ZaragozaPedro Cerbuna 1250009 SaragossaSpain

Forests are exposed to changing climatic conditions reflected by increasing drought and heat waves that increase the risk of wildfire ignition and *** variables such as rain and wind as well as vegetation structure,land configuration and forest management practices are all factors that determine the burning potential of *** assessment of emissions released by vegetation combustion is essential for determining greenhouse gases and air *** estimation of wildfire-related emissions depends on factors such as the type and fraction of fuel(i.e.,live biomass,ground litter,dead wood)consumed by the fire in a given area,termed the burning *** approaches estimate live burning efficiency from optical remote sensing *** study used a data-driven method to estimate live burning efficiency in a Mediterranean *** severity estimations from Lands at imagery(dNBR),which relate to fuel consumption,and quantitative field data from three national forest inventory data were combined to establish the relationship between burning severity and live burning *** proxies explored these relationships based on dNBR interval classes,as well as regres sion *** correlation results between live burning efficiency and dNBR for conifers(R=0.63)and broad-leaved vegetation(R=0.95)indicated ways for improving emissions *** estimations by severity class(low,moderate-low,moderate-high,and high)are provided for conifers(0.44-0.81)and broad-leaves(0.64-0.86),and regression models for the live fraction of the tree canopy susceptible to burning(7 branches,and leaves).The live burning efficiency values by severity class were higher than previous studies.

关键词： Forest wildfires Emissions Greenhouse gases Satellite images

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Fine mapping and identification of candidate genes for the peach powdery mildew resistance gene Vr3

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 343-351页

作者： Neus Marimon Jordi Luque pere Arús Iban Eduardo Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain IRTA(Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries) BarcelonaSpain Plant Pathology IRTA CabrilsCarretera de Cabrils km 208348 CabrilsSpain

Powdery mildew is one of the major diseases of peach(Prunus persica),caused by the ascomycete Podosphaera ***,it is controlled through calendar-based fungicide treatments starting at petal fall,but an alternative is to develop resistant peach *** studies mapped a resistance gene(Vr3)in interspecific populations between almond(‘Texas’)and peach(‘Earlygold’).To obtain molecular markers highly linked to Vr3 and to reduce the number of candidate genes,we fine-mapped Vr3 to a genomic region of 270 kb with 27 annotated *** find evidence supporting one of these positional candidate genes as being responsible of Vr3,we analyzed the polymorphisms of the resequences of both parents and used near-isogenic lines(NILs)for expression analysis of the positional candidate genes in symptomatic or asymptomatic *** differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible individuals were annotated as a Disease Resistance Protein RGA2(Prupe2G111700)or an Eceriferum 1 protein involved in epicuticular wax biosynthesis(Prupe2G112800).Only Prupe2G111700 contained a variant predicted to have a disruptive effect on the encoded protein,and was overexpressed in both heterozygous and homozygous individuals containing the Vr3 almond allele,compared with susceptible *** information was also useful to identify and validate molecular markers tightly linked and flanking *** addition,the NILs used in this work will facilitate the introgression of this gene into peach elite materials,alone or pyramided with other known resistance genes such as peach powdery mildew resistance gene Vr2.

关键词： resistance peach mapping

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Evolution of NBS-LRR Gene Copies among Dicot Plants and its Regulation by Members of the miR482/2118 Superfamily of miRNAs

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Molecular Plant 2015年第2期8卷 329-331页

作者： ViCtor M. Gonzalez Sebastian Muller David Baulcombe pere Puigdomenech Centre for Research in Agncultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain Department of Plant Sciences University of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EA UK

Dear Editor,A major function encoded in plant genome sequences is devoted to defense against pests and pathogens. Among the defenserelated functions in the plant genomes sequenced, there is a group of genes coding for NBS-LRR proteins that have been associated with effector-triggered immunity （Jones and Jones, 1997）. The majority of genes responsible for race-specific resistance in plants belong to this family.

关键词： @@

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Late Miocene/Early Pliocene vertebrate fauna from Mallorca(Balearic Islands,Western Mediterranean):an update

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 183-196页

作者： pere BOVER Juan ROFES Salvador BAILON Jordi AGUSTÍ Gloria CUENCA-BESCÓS Enric TORRES Josep Antoni ALCOVER IMEDEA(CSIC-UIB) Mediterranean Institute for Advanced StudiesDepartment of Biodiversity and ConservationBalearic IslandsSpain Research Associate Division of Vertebrate Zoology/Mammalogy Department American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNYUSA Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology University of the Basque CountryLeioaSpain Grupo Aragosaurus-IUCA Area of PaleontologíaEarth Sciences DepartmentUniversity of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain UMR 7209-7194 of CNRS Department of Ecology and Biodiversity ManagementNational Museum of Natural HistoryParisFrance ICREA Institut Catalàde Paleoecologia Humana i EvolucióSocial(IPHES)Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragonaSpain

The vertebrate fossil record from the Balearic Islands(western Mediterranean)has improved considerably over the past decade,especially in Mallorca and *** Menorca,the Pliocene terrestrial fauna was updated by the discovery and description of the large-sized leporid Nuralagus,several reptiles and an *** Mal-lorca,paleontological exploration yielded 2 deposits with a Late Miocene/Early Pliocene chronology,Calóden Rafelino(CdR)and Na Burguesa-1(NB-1).So far,4 new mammalian taxa and 2 new reptiles have been iden-tified for the CdR deposit,whereas the faunal assemblage from the recently discovered deposit(Apr 2012)of NB-1 is currently composed of,at least,6 terrestrial mammals,8 reptiles and an *** faunal composi-tion and some primitive characteristics of the obtained taxa suggest that the chronology of this deposit is slight-ly earlier than the *** terrestrial vertebrates recorded in these 2 Mallorcan deposits are changing the view of the paleofaunal assemblage previously known for the Plio-Pleistocene of the *** charac-teristics displayed by some of the taxa suggest that these faunas would be at the beginning of an isolated *** this paper we present a preliminary report on the fossils recovered from the NB-1 deposit,as well as some unpublished data from CdR,and we analyze the whole fauna from both Mallorcan deposits,focusing on taxonomical and paleobiogeographical aspects.

关键词： Early Pliocene Late Miocene Mallorca new fauna paleobiogeography

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