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A comparison of lower limb stiffness and mechanical muscle function in ACL-reconstructed,elite,and adolescent alpine ski racers/ski cross athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 416-424页

作者： Matthew J.Jordan per Aagaard Walter Herzog Canadian Sport Institute Calgary Calgary AB T2N IN4Canada Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics SDU Muscle Research ClusterUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense DK-5230Denmark Human performance Laboratory University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N IN4Canada Corresponding author.E-mail address： mjordan@ucalgary.ca

Purpose： The aim of this study was to compare mechanical muscle function in the eccentric/concentric phases of vertical bilateral jumping in anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed （ACLR）, elite （ELITE）, and adolescent （ADOL） alpine ski racers and ski cross athletes. Methods： Alpine ski racers/ski crossers （ACLR： n = 12, age = 26.7 ± 3.8 years; ELITE： n = 12, age = 23.9 ± 3.0 years; ADOL： n = 12, age = 17.8 ± 0.7 years; females： n = 6 per group, males： n = 6 per group） performed 5 maximal countermovement jumps （CMJs） and 5 squat jumps. The ground reaction forces for each limb were analyzed using dual force plate recording to obtain body center of mass （BCM） velocity, displacement, and power. The eccentric deceleration （ECC） and concentric phases were determined from BCM velocity. CMJ net concentric and ECC impulses were calculated （body mass normalized） along with the peak and mean BCM power and maximal vertical jump height. CMJ lower limb stiffness （LLS） was determined by the slope of the ground reaction forces vs. the BCM displacement curve over the ECC phase. Concentric and ECC asymmetry indices were calculated for each leg, and the left vs. right LLS was compared. Outcome measures （reported as mean ± SD） calculated as a 5-jump mean were normalized to body mass and compared using an analysis of variance. Results： No between-group differences were found for peak and mean power or jump heights. There were no group differences for LLS or net concentric phase impulse, but the net ECC impulse was lower in the ADOL group compared with ELITE skiers （ADOL： 1.33 ± 0.32 Ns/kg; ELITE： 1.59 ± 0.16 Ns/kg; p 〈 0.05）. Although no group differences were found for ECC asymmetry indices, a group × limb interaction was found for LLS （p 〈 0.01）, which was systematically higher in the right vs. the left limb of ADOL skiers （right： 54.1 ± 17.9 N/m/kg; left： 48.7 ± 15.7 N/m/kg;p 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： ADOL skiers demonstrated decreased ECC impulse and systematic right limb dominance in

关键词： Between-limb asymmetry Injury prevention Knee injuries Muscle power Vertical jump

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HLA class Ⅰ loss in colorectal cancer:implications for immune escape and immunotherapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 556-565页

作者： per Anderson Natalia Aptsiauri Francisco Ruiz-Cabello Federico Garrido Instituto de Investigaci6n Biosanitaria(ibs.GRANADA) GranadaSpain Servicio de Analisis Clinicos e Inmunologia Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves18014 GranadaSpain Departamento de Bioqufmica Bioiogta Molecular 3 e InmunologiaUniversidad de GranadaGranadaSpain

T cell-mediated immune therapies have emerged as a promising treatment modality in different malignancies including colorectal cancer(CRC).However,only a fraction of patients currently respond to *** the lack of responses and finding biomarkers with predictive value is of great *** is evidence that CRC is a heterogeneous disease and several classification systems have been proposed that are based on genomic instability,immune cell infiltration,stromal content and molecular subtypes of gene *** leukocyte antigen class Ⅰ(HLA-Ⅰ)plays a pivotal role in presenting processed antigens to T lymphocytes,including tumour *** molecules are frequently lost in different types of cancers,including CRC resulting in tumour immune escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes during the natural history of cancer *** aim of this review is to(i)summarize the prevalence and molecular mechanisms behind HLA-Ⅰ loss in CRC,(ii)discuss HLA-Ⅰ expression/loss in the context of the newly identified CRC molecular subtypes,(iii)analyze the HLA-Ⅰ phenotypes of CRC metastases disseminated via blood or the lymphatic system,(iv)discuss strategies to recover/circumvent HLA-I expression/loss and finally(v)review the role of HLA class Ⅱ(HLA-Ⅱ)in CRC prognosis.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immune escape HLA ClassⅠ

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Measurement-while-drilling technique and its scope in design and prediction of rock blasting

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 711-719页

作者： Rai Piyush Schunnesson Hakan Lindqvist per-Arne Kumar Uday Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India Division of Mining and Geotechnical Engineering Lulea Technological University Lulea 97187 Sweden Department of Mining Engineering Lulea Technological University Lulea 97187 Sweden Division of Operations and Maintenance Engineering Lulea Technological University Lulea 97187 Sweden

With rampant growth and improvements in drilling technology, drilling of blast holes should no longer be viewed as an arduous sub-process in any mining or excavation process. Instead, it must be viewed as an important opportunity to quickly and accurately measure the geo-mechanical features of the rock mass on-site, much in advance of the downstream operations. It is well established that even the slightest variation in lithology, ground conditions, blast designs vis-a-vis geologic features and explosives performance, results in drastic changes in fragmentation results. Keeping in mind the importance of state-of-the-art measurement-while-drilling （MWD） technique, the current paper focuses on integrating this technique with the blasting operation in order to enhance the blasting designs and results. The paper presents a preliminary understanding of various blasting models, blastability and other related concepts, to review the state-of-the-art advancements and researches done in this area. In light of this, the paper highlights the future needs and implications on drill monitoring systems for improved information to enhnnrp th~ hl^tin~ r^HIt~

关键词： Rock blasting Drill monitoring parameters Rock factor Drill rod vibrations

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A method of determining typical meteorological year for evaluating overheating performance of passive buildings

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Building Simulation 2023年第4期16卷 511-526页

作者： Bin Qian Tao Yu Chen Zhang per Heiselberg Bo Lei Li Yang School of Mechanical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University610031 ChengduChina Department of Built Environment Aalborg UniversityAalborg9100Denmark

In the simulation of building overheating risks,the use of typical meteorological years(TMY)can greatly reduce the simulation workload and accurately reflect the distribution of simulation results according to the weather conditions over a given ***,all meteorological parameters in most current TMY methods use a uniform weighting factor which may make the simulation results against the actual simulation results of the period and negatively affect the accuracy of the evaluation *** addition to differences in climate characteristics between climate zones,the sensitivity of different simulation results to external parameters will also be ***,a TMY method based on the Finkelstein-Schafer statistical method is proposed,which considers the climatic characteristics of different regions and the correlation with the output parameters of indoor simulation to select the typical *** proposed method is demonstrated in the three future scenarios for the three cities in different climate zones in *** results show that the traditional TMY method has an overestimated weight of solar radiation and wind speed and an undervalued weight of dry bulb temperature when indoor temperature-related indicators are the output *** with the traditional TMY method,the TMY generated by the improved method is closer to the distribution characteristics of the long-term outdoor weather ***,when using the improved TMY data to evaluate the overheating performance of the passive residential buildings,the difference of the results of the unmet degree hours,indoor overheating degree,and the overheating escalation factor between the long-term projected data and the TMY data can be reduced by 63%–67%compared with the traditional TMY data.

关键词： passive buildings overheating typical meteorological year Finkelstein-Schafer statistical method

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A New Enantiornithes(Aves) from the Early Cretaceous of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第4期88卷 1034-1040页

作者： Johan DALSTT per G.P.ERICSON Zhonge ZHOU Department of Vertebrate Zoology Swedish Museum of Natural History Department of Geological Sciences Stockholm University Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new bird from the early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China is described. This new species, Grabauornis lingyuanensis, shares several synapomorphies with the Enantiornithes. The specimen is relatively well preserved. The skeletal morphology of Grabauornis bears close resemblance to that of other Chinese members of this clade. The brachial index （the ratio between the lengths of humerus and ulna） is 0.95, which is close to the average for enantiornithine birds. It indicates that Grabauornis was a rather good flyer, and the presence of an alula in the wing further testifies to this.

关键词： Enantiornithes Aves Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation Liaoning China

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Flotation techniques to improve viability of Juniperus polycarpos seed lots

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 231-239页

作者： Abolfazl Daneshvar Mulualem Tigabu Asaddollah Karimidoost per Christer Odén Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.Box 49SE-230 53 AlnarpSweden Department of Natural Resources Gonbad Kavoos UniversityShahid Fallahi StreetP.O.Box 163GonbadIran Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province Beheshti Ave.P.O.Box ***GorganIran

The germination of freshly collected Juniperus polycarpos（K. Koch） seeds is very low and attributed to the large proportion of nonviable seeds in the seed ***, the aim of this study was to improve seed lot quality by removing nonviable seeds using two flotation techniques： incubation-drying-separation（IDS） and modified specific gravity（MSG） separation. We examined different IDS conditions（the specific incubation time, subsequent drying time and sorting media） for effectively sorting out nonviable seeds; and tested the feasibility of modified SG separation, which involved soaking seeds in water for a certain period before sorting in different concentrations of sucrose solution. Viable seeds were expected to absorb and metabolically bind more water during soaking than dead seeds could, and hence be sorted effectively depending on the viscosity of the sucrose solution. The viability of the seeds that floated or sank was determined in a topographical tetrazolium chloride（TTC） test. For the IDS trial,7 days incubation followed by 9 h of drying and sedimentation in pure water or 200 g L-1sucrose solution identified, respectively, 75 and 82 % of the seeds as viable（sunken） seeds. For the MSG trail, 77 % viable seeds were recovered in the sunken fraction when seeds were soaked for 48 h then immediately sorted in 600 g L-1sucrose solution. In both cases, the loss of viable seeds in the discarded floating fraction was only 4 %. The results demonstrate that both IDS and MSG separation techniques substantially improved seed lot viability, but MSG separation is simple and needs no modern seed handling facility, and its efficacy relies on seed mass（due to the initial soaking） and the specific density and viscosity of the flotation medium.

关键词： viable viability sorting sucrose tetrazolium incubation subsequent viscosity proportion immediately

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Efficient Sampling in Event-Driven Algorithms for Reaction-Diffusion Processes

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第4期13卷 958-984页

作者： Mohammad Hossein Bani-Hashemian Stefan Hellander per Lotstedt Division of Scientific Computing Department of Information TechnologyUppsala UniversityP.O.Box 337SE-75105 UppsalaSweden

In event-driven algorithms for simulation of diffusing,colliding,and reacting particles,new positions and events are sampled from the cumulative distribution function(CDF)of a probability *** distribution is sampled frequently and it is important for the efficiency of the algorithm that the sampling is *** CDF is known analytically or computed *** formulas are sometimes rather complicated making them difficult to *** CDF may be stored in a table for interpolation or computed directly when it is *** alternatives are compared for chemically reacting molecules moving by Brownian diffusion in two and three *** best strategy depends on the dimension of the problem,the length of the time interval,the density of the particles,and the number of different reactions.

关键词： Event-driven algorithm chemical reactions diffusion efficient sampling

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performance and Optimization for a Ground-Coupled Liquid Loop Heat Recovery Ventilation System

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2007年第6期24卷 749-755页

作者：周亚素 per FAHLEN Torbjrn LINDHOLM Department of Building Environment and Equipment Engineering Donghua University Department of Building Services Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologySE-412 96GothenburgSweden

Ground-coupled heat pumps(GCHP)are commonly used in residential heating *** mitigate the boreholes temperature dropping with operating time,a new exhaust-air recharging system is *** new recharging system can be used in three operational *** this paper,a ground-coupled heat recovery ventilation(HRV)model is discussed.A thermal model is set up to find the optimal brine flow rate and heat transfer allocation ratio between exhaust and supply coils for maximum heat recovery *** to the conventional liquid-loop HRV systems,the brine temperature entering the exhaust coil never goes blow zero(0℃),and hence defrosting is needless in the ground-coupled HRV *** can make the ground-coupled HRV system over 20% more efficient than a conventional HRV system at low outdoor temperatures.

关键词： a ground-coupled HRV system thermal model heat recovery efficiency coils allocation ratio brine flow rate

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Alcohol consumption in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第24期18卷 3105-3111页

作者： Hannes Hagstrm per Stl Knut Stokkeland Annika Bergquist Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Karolinska University HospitalKarolinska Institutet14186 StockholmSweden Department of Medicine Visby HospitalKarolinska Institutet14186 StockholmSweden

AIM:To assess the alcohol drinking patterns in a cohort of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) patients and the possible influence on the development of ***:Ninety-six patients with PSC were evaluated with a validated questionnaire about a patient's lifetime drinking habits:the lifetime drinking history(LDH) *** addition,clinical status,transient elastography and biochemistry values were analysed and *** were defined as having either significant or non-significant *** fibrosis was defined as either an elastography value of ≥ 17.3 kPa or the presence of clinical signs of *** were divided into two groups depending on their alcohol consumption patterns;no/low alcohol consumption(one drink or unit/d) and moderate/high alcohol consumption(≥ 1 drink or unit/d).LDH data were calculated to estimate lifetime alcohol intake(LAI),current alcohol intake,drinks per year before and after diagnosis of *** also calculated the number of episodes of binge-drinking(defined as consuming ≥ 5 drinks per occasion) in total,before and after the diagnosis of ***:The mean LAI was 3882 units of alcohol,giving a mean intake after onset of alcohol consumption of 2.6 units per *** 9% of patients consumed alcohol equal to or more than one unit per *** alcohol intake in patients with significant fibrosis(n = 26) was less than in patients without significant fibrosis(n = 70),as shown by lower values of phosphatidylethanol(B-PEth)(0.1 mol/L vs 0.33 mol/L,respectively,P = 0.002) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin(CDT)(0.88% vs 1.06%,respectively,P = 0.02).Self-reported LAI was similar between the two *** with significant fibrosis reduced their alcohol intake after diagnosis from 103 to 88 units per year whereas patients without fibrosis increased their alcohol intake after PSC diagnosis from 111 to 151 units/*** were no correlations between elastography values and intake of alcoho

关键词： Alcohol Fibrosis Cirrhosis Lifetime drinkinghistory Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Participatory forest management in Burkina Faso: Members' perception of performance

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 637-646页

作者： Pascaline Coulibaly-Lingani Mulualem Tigabu Patrice Savadogo per-Christer Oden Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Departement Produc-tions Forestieres 03 BP 7047 0uagadougou 03 Burkina Faso World Agroforestry Centre & International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICRAF-ICRISAT West and Central Africa Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forest Scienc-es Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre P.0.Box 49 SE-230 53 Alnarp Sweden

This study examines variations in the performance of partic-ipatory forest management programs among four forest management groups (FMGs) in southern Burkina Faso, and assesses the factors that influence their members’ perceptions of performance through a house-hold survey of 216 members. Variations in performance scores among the FMGs were analyzed through multivariate analysis of variance while multinomial regression analysis was used to identify factors that influ-ence their perception of the performance. The results reveal significant differences in performance scores among FMGs. Members of some FMGs perceived that the participatory forest management program ena-bled them to get benefits from the sale of fuelwood while performance scores in the forest conservation and decision-making processes is gener-ally poor. The score for economic performance of FMGs in turn was related to better access to roads and markets. Group size tended to en-hance economic performance via its strong influence on annual fuelwood harvest, while the resource base appeared to be inconsequential. Mem-bers of the forest management groups perceived that large group size and group heterogeneity, particularly in terms of ethnicity, as well as knowledge and awareness of problems related to the forest environment have no influence on the performance of their respective groups. For rural communities to have a favorable disposition toward sustainable forest management, differences in member understanding of collective actions and their impact before and during the implementation of partic-ipatory forest management programs should be considered.

关键词： Common-pool resources Collective action Sustainableforest management West Africa

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