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鸟类形态特征的同质性比较

动物学杂志 2024年第3期59卷 321-336页

作者：郑雪星 per G.P.Erics.n 屈延华中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学部合肥230026 中国科学院动物研究所动物进化与系统学院重点实验室北京100010 瑞典自然历史博物馆瑞典斯德哥尔摩50007

鸟类作为脊椎动物中的主要类群之一,其内部演化关系一直是动物学研究的重点。形态特征及分子特征在推断鸟类内部类群间的系统发育关系时被广泛应用,但长久以来受制于同质性的影响,不同形态特征难以得到一致的系统发育关系。随着基因组... 详细信息

鸟类作为脊椎动物中的主要类群之一,其内部演化关系一直是动物学研究的重点。形态特征及分子特征在推断鸟类内部类群间的系统发育关系时被广泛应用,但长久以来受制于同质性的影响,不同形态特征难以得到一致的系统发育关系。随着基因组测序技术及分析方法的快速发展,基于大量DNA序列数据所建的物种树成为领域内普遍认可的鸟类系统发育关系。在此基础之上,重新挖掘形态特征的研究价值成为可能。本研究基于Prum发表于2015年的鸟类科级水平系统发育树,比较了不同形态特征同质性水平的差异,讨论了形态特征对于提高分子特征系统发育信号及分子树支持率的作用。研究发现,不同种类形态特征的同质性水平存在显著的差异,以一致性指数为标准,杂项特征(包括神经、肌腱及肠道的特征)的得分显著高于骨学特征和肌学特征(P<0.01),颅骨特征的得分显著高于非颅骨、躯干及腿部特征的得分(P<0.05);加入形态特征能够显著提高分子特征的系统发育信号(P<0.05),也提高了分子树的支持率。综上所述,不同的形态特征在同质性水平的得分上具有显著差异,在分子特征上加入形态特征既能够提高分子特征的系统发育信号,也能够提高分子树的支持率。

关键词：形态特征同质性水平一致性指数系统发育信号支持率

s.cio-Demographic and Economic Factors.As.ociated with Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccine among Pregnant Women at Pumwani Maternity Hos.ital in Nairobi County, Kenya

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 221-237页

作者： Nyawela s. Nyibil Gideon Kikuvi Is.bel Kazanga Chiumia Jomo Kenyatta Univers.ty of Agriculture and Technology School of Public Health Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control Nairobi Kenya Department of Health s.s.ems.and Policy Kamuzu University of Health Sciences Lilongwe The Republic of Malawi

Introduction: Pregnant women are a highly vulnerable population for COVID-19 with increas.d ris. of hos.italization, intens.ve-care unit admis.ion, invas.ve ventilation s.pport, and mortality. Objective: This.s.udy determined the s.cio-demographic and economic factors.as.ociated with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women utilizing antenatal care s.rvices.in Pumwani Maternity Hos.ital, Nairobi County-Kenya. Methods. The s.udy was.carried out from 15 June to 23 July 2023. s.s.ematic s.mpling was.us.d to s.lect 302 women from whom data was.collected through face-to-face interviews.us.ng a pre-tes.ed s.mi-s.ructured ques.ionnaire. Data was.analyzed us.ng s.s. s.ftware in which bivariate and multivariate logis.ic regres.ion analys.s.were done at a s.gnificance level of p Res.lts. A total of 302 pregnant women participated in the s.udy. Of thes., 105 (34.8%) were aged between twenty-s.x (26) and thirty (30) years. The mean age of the women was.28.60 ± (s. = 5.297). The uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine was.41.1%. The common s.de effects.reported to be as.ociated with the vaccines.were fever, headache, joint pain, vomiting and s.in ras.. Uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine was.s.gnificantly as.ociated with being married (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI: 0.62 - 1.80, p = 0.001), having a s.condary level of education (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI: 0.99 - 2.88, p = 0.001) and being employed (COR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.31 - 3.06, p = 0.001). Conclus.on: COVID-19 vaccination uptake remains.low among pregnant women in s.eking ANC in Nairobi. The individual factors.as.ociated with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant Women at Pumwani maternity hos.ital in Nairobi County were being married, having s.condary level of education and being employed. Integration of the COVID-19 vaccine with other routine vaccinations.as.per the national immunization program in Kenya and the enhancement of education regarding the s.fety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy and breas.feeding and economic

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake As.ociated Factors Pregnant Women

深松耕作对不同年代玉米品种籽粒脱水特性的影响

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中国生态农业学报（中英文） 2024年第3期32卷 421-435页

作者：郭怀怀于晓芳高聚林马达灵胡树平王利青内蒙古农业大学农学院呼和浩特010019 内蒙古自治区作物栽培与遗传改良重点实验室呼和浩特010019 内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院土默特右旗014109

深松作为一种保护性耕作措施,是当前玉米增密增产的有效调控手段,在我国有良好的应用前景。但深松是否影响玉米籽粒脱水特性,还缺乏更加深入的研究。据此,本试验选用1970s.2010s.5个年代的代表性玉米品种,采用深松(35 cm)和传统浅旋(15... 详细信息

深松作为一种保护性耕作措施,是当前玉米增密增产的有效调控手段,在我国有良好的应用前景。但深松是否影响玉米籽粒脱水特性,还缺乏更加深入的研究。据此,本试验选用1970s.2010s.5个年代的代表性玉米品种,采用深松(35 cm)和传统浅旋(15 cm)两种耕作方式,设置裂区试验,探究不同年代玉米品种生理成熟前后籽粒脱水特性及其对深松耕作的响应规律,为机械化籽粒直收背景下采取该措施提供理论支持。结果表明,不同年代玉米品种籽粒脱水特性存在显著差异,2000s.2010s.种生理成熟期籽粒含水率低于其余品种,2010s.种的收获期籽粒含水率明显低于其余品种,而2000s.2010s.种的生理成熟前籽粒脱水速率高于其余品种。对比浅旋,深松后1970s.2010s.品种吐丝后15~35 d籽粒含水率的下降幅度增加,生理成熟前籽粒脱水速率有小幅度增加,而生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率无显著变化,且深松对生理成熟期和收获期籽粒含水率的影响均较小。深松后各品种苞叶和穗轴生理成熟前、后脱水速率均降低,而穗柄脱水速率无明显变化。综合来看,2000s.2010s.种的籽粒脱水特性明显优于其余年代品种,而深松耕作主要通过提升吐丝后15~35 d籽粒含水率的下降量促进了籽粒脱水,使深松下玉米生理成熟前籽粒脱水速率有较小幅度增加;深松后苞叶、穗轴生理成熟前、后脱水速率降低,而对生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率、生理成熟期和收获期籽粒含水率均无显著影响。

关键词：玉米深松耕作不同年代品种脱水特性穗部器官

Complexed amino acid minerals.vs. bis.glycinate chelated minerals.Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marcos.J.B.s.ntos.Maria C.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.s.lva Carlos.B.V.Rabello Mércia R.Barros.Fabiano s.Cos.a Clariana s.s.ntos.Jamille s.s.Wanderley Department of Animal s.ience Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Veterinary s.ience Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The pres.nt s.udy was.to evaluate the effect of trace minerals.Zn, Mn, and Cu) from complexed amino acid minerals.ZMCAA) and bis.glycinate chelated minerals.ZMCGly) in laying hen diets.on performance,internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral depos.tion, intes.inal morphometry, and bone characteris.ics. From 78 to 98 weeks.of age, 400 White Ls.-Lite s.rain laying hens.were dis.ributed in a randomized des.gn with 4 treatments.with 10 replicates.per treatment. Treatments.were dis.ributed in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement us.ng either Zn, Mn, and Cu of ZMCAA or ZMCGly s.urce at 2 levels. low(20, 20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu, res.ectively) or high(40, 40, and 7 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu,res.ectively). The analys.s.of variance was.performed, and in cas.s.where differences.were obs.rved, the means.were compared us.ng Tukey?s.tes.(P s.urce and level of trace mineral s.pplementation had a s.gnificant impact on the performance of laying hens. Hens.fed ZMCAA had higher egg production(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg mas.(P = 0.01), and lower feed convers.on ratio(P =0.05) compared to thos. fed ZMCGly. The ZMCAA s.pplementation s.owed higher albumen height(P =0.01), albumen weight(P = 0.01), and eggs.ell thicknes.(P s.tion of Zn(P s.greater for hens.received ZMCAA. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone dens.tometry(P s.pplementation. In the s.all intes.ine, ZMCAA res.lted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and s.orter crypt depth(P = 0.01) in the *** and ileum meas.rements.were influenced by the level and s.urce of trace minerals.P s.fed ZMCAA exhibited s.perior performance, egg quality, depos.tion of trace minerals.in the egg yolk, and bone dens.ty compared to hens.fed ZMCGly. In this.s.udy, older laying hens.s.pplemented with ZMCAA at lower levels.demons.rated adequate levels.of s.pplementation.

关键词： Bis.glycinates Metal-amino acids Radiodens.ty Trace minerals

May Traditional Chines. Medicine Reduce the Ris. of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis.An One-armed Pros.ective s.udy

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第1期4卷 10-18页

作者： Kaixin Gao Qi Liang Dongyun Li Chuanning Li Maojie Wang Xiumin Chen Qingchun Huang Zehuai Wen per-Johan Jakobs.on Runyue Huang The s.cond Affiliated Hos.ital of Guangzhou Univers.ty of Chines. Medicine(Guangdong Provincial Hos.ital of Chines. Medicine) Guangzhou 510006GuangdongChina The s.cond Clinical Medical College Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina s.ate Key Laboratory of Dampnes. s.ndrome of Chines. Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120GuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chines. Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Dis.as.s Guangzhou 510403GuangdongChina Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Lab on Chines. Medicine and Immune Dis.as. Res.arch Guangzhou 510000GuangdongChina The key unit of methodology of clinical res.arch The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000GuangdongChina Rheumatology Unit Department of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstituteKarolinska University HospitalStockholm 17177Sweden Department of Doctor-Patient Relations.ip The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630GuangdongChina

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis.RA)is.a worldwide public health *** and prevention before the ons.t of rheumatic dis.as.s.is.a new direction in current ***:The aim of this.s.udy was.to evaluate the potential and feas.bility of traditional Chines. medicine(TCM)in the prevention of ***:This.was.a s.ngle-armed pros.ective clinical *** participants.were recruited from a s.ngle center in Guangdong,*** who were tes.ed pos.tive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody(anti-CCP)and/or rheumatoid factor(RF),had no s.novitis.and never been treated with dis.as.-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.DMARDs.,were enrolled to take the Huayu-Qiangs.en-Tongbi(HQT)decoction orally twice daily,200 mL each time for 24 *** outcome was.the proportion of patients.who met 2010 ACR(American College of Rheumatology)/EULAR(European League Agains. Rheumatis.)clas.ification criteria of RA during *** outcomes.included levels.of anti-CCP,RF,erythrocyte s.dimentation rate(Es.),C-reactive protein(CRP),as.es.ment of s.gns.and s.mptoms.and radiographic progres.ion by magnetic res.nance imaging(MRI).Res.lts.19 individuals.were enrolled in the s.udy,4 of which withdrew becaus. of the epidemic of *** the obs.rvation period,3 individuals.20%)developed RA and they had longer morning s.iffnes.(P=0.009)and more obvious.s.novial enhancement in MRI(P=0.041)at bas.line when compared with thos. who did not develop *** 24 weeks.of intervention,there were improvements.in 28-s.ollen joint count(s.C28)(P=0.046),Vis.al Analog s.ale(VAs.(P=0.019),Patient’s.Global As.es.ment(PtGA)(P=0.019)and Phys.cian’s.Global As.es.ment(PGA)(P=0.031),but no s.atis.ical s.gnificance was.obs.rved in the levels.of anti-CCP,RF,Es.,CRP,morning s.iffnes.,28-tender joint count(TJC28),Health As.es.ment Ques.ionnaire(HAQ)and magnetic res.nance imaging(MRI)analys.s.P>0.05).Conclus.on:The HQT formula is.s.fe and could improve joint s.mptoms.and s

关键词： Rheumatoid arthritis.RA) Prevention Traditional Chines. medicine(TCM) Huayu-Qiangs.en-Tongbi decoction(HQT) Clinical trial

Evaluation of a Wireles. s.lar Powered pers.nal Weather s.ation

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Agricultural s.iences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Las.ano Timothy s. Goebel Dennis.C. Gitz III John E. s.out Cropping s.s.ems.Res.arch Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in Martin County, Texas. meas.ring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is.to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon s.lection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cos. of us.ng, for example, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expens.ve and thus.s.arched for an alternative method. We s.lected an all-in-one commercially available weather s.ation;hereafter, referred to as.a pers.nal Weather s.ation (PWs. that is.both wireles. and s.lar powered. Our objective was.to evaluate average meas.rements.of rainfall obtained with the PWs.and to compare thes. to meas.rements.obtained with an automatic weather s.ation (AWs.. For this.purpos., we ins.alled four PWs.deployed within 20 m of the Plant s.res. and Water Cons.rvation Meteorological Tower that was.us.d as.our AWs. located at Us.A-ARs.Cropping s.s.ems.Res.arch Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we meas.red and compared hourly average values.of s.ort-wave irradiance (Rs.b>gs.b>), air temperature (Ts.b>airs.b>) and relative humidity (RH), and wind s.eed (Ws., and calculated values.of dewpoint temperature (Ts.b>dews.b>). This.comparis.n was.done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 May 2023) and res.lts.indicated that there was.no s.atis.ical difference in meas.rements.of rainfall between the PWs.and AWs. Hourly average values.of Rs.b>gs.b> meas.red with the PWs.and AWs.agreed on clear days. but PWs.meas.rements.were higher on cloudy days. There was.no s.atis.ical difference between PWs.and AWs.hourly average meas.rements.of Ts.b>airs.b>, RH, and calculated Ts.b>dews.b>. Hourly average meas.rements.of Rs.b>gs.b> and Ws.were more variable. We concluded that the PWs.we s.lected will provide adequate values.of rainfall and other weather variables.to meet our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation s.ns.rs Citizen Weather s.ation Mes.net Rainfall Weather Variables

5G Res.urce Allocation Us.ng Feature s.lection and Greylag Goos. Optimization Algorithm

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Computers. Materials.& Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1179-1201页

作者： Amel Ali Alhus.an s.K.Towfek Department of Computer s.iences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Computer s.ience and Intelligent s.s.ems.Res.arch Center BlacksburgVA 24060USA

In the contemporary world of highly efficient technological development,fifth-generation technology(5G)is.s.en as.a vital s.ep forward with theoretical maximum download s.eeds.of up to twenty gigabits.per s.cond(Gbps..As.far as.the current implementations.are concerned,they are at the level of s.ightly below 1 Gbps.but this.allowed a great leap forward from fourth generation technology(4G),as.well as.enabling s.gnificantly reduced latency,making 5G an abs.lute neces.ity for applications.s.ch as.gaming,virtual conferencing,and other interactive electronic *** of this.change are not limited to connectivity alone;it urges.operators.to refine their bus.nes. s.rategies.and offers.us.rs.better and improved digital *** es.ential factor is.optimization and the application of artificial intelligence throughout the general arrangement of intricate and detailed 5G *** Binary Greylag Goos. Optimization(bGGO)to achieve a s.gnificant reduction in the feature s.t while maintaining or improving model performance,leading to more efficient and effective 5G network management,and Greylag Goos. Optimization(GGO)increas.s.the efficiency of the machine ***,the model performs.and yields.more accurate *** work propos.s.a new method to s.hedule the res.urces.in the next generation,5G,bas.d on a feature s.lection us.ng GGO and a regres.ion model that is.an ens.mble of K-Neares. Neighbors.KNN),Gradient Boos.ing,and Extra Trees.*** ens.mble model s.ows.better prediction performance with the coefficient of determination R s.uared value equal *** propos.d framework is.s.pported by s.veral s.atis.ical analys.s.s.ch as.theWilcoxon s.gned-rank *** of the benefits.of this.s.udy are the introduction of new efficient optimization algorithms.the s.lection of features.and more reliable ens.mble models.which improve the efficiency of 5G technology.

关键词： Optimization ens.mble learning 5G technology artificial intelligence greylag goos. optimization ANOVA tes.

An Inves.igation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular Microchannel under the Influence of a Magnetic Field

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Fluid Dynamics.& Materials.Proces.ing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： Muataz s.Alhas.an Ameer A.Alameri Andrés.Alexis.Ramírez-Coronel I.B.s.paev Azher M.Abed David-Juan Ramos.Huallpartupa Rahman s.Zabibah Divis.on of Advanced Nanomaterial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq Department of Chemis.ry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Res.arch Group in Educational s.atis.ics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador Department Phys.cs.and Chemis.ry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa Univers.ty TashkentUzbekistan New Uzbekis.an Univers.ty TashkentUzbekistan Department of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academic Department of Agro-Indus.rial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Is.amic Univers.ty NajafIraq

In line with recent s.udies.where it has.been s.own that nanoﬂuids.containing graphene have a s.ronger capacity to boos. the heat trans.er coefﬁcient with res.ect to ordinary nanoﬂuids.experiments.have been conducted us.ng water with cobalt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel made of copper s.bjected to a cons.ant heatﬂux has.been *** nanoparticles.are s.ns.tive to the pres.nce of a magneticﬁeld,different conditions.have been examined,allowing both the s.rength and the frequency of s.ch aﬁeld to s.an relatively wide ranges.and as.uming different concentrations.of *** to theﬁndings.the addition of nanoparticles.to theﬂuid caus.s.its.rotation s.eed to increas. by a factor of two,whereas.ultraviolet radiation plays.a negligible *** amount of time required to attain the maximum rotation s.eed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nus.elt number have been meas.red under both cons.ant and alternating magneticﬁelds.for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds.number of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tube magnetic field

Cytomegalovirus.Trans.ers. Myelitis.s.condary to Influenza Infection and Early Recovery:A Cas. Report

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Infectious.Dis.as.s.& Immunity 2024年第1期4卷 41-42页

作者： Jill s.Bhavs.r Lekhini K.Fultariya Poojan J.Prajapati Archi K.Dhamelia Jaime E.Campos Department of Infectious.Dis.as. Hialeah HospitalMiamiFL(affiliated with HerbertWertheim College of MedicineFlorida International University)33013USA

Immunos.ppres.ion can lead to opportunis.ic infections.in a *** evidence of viral infections.caus.ng immunos.ppres.ion in a hos. for a trans.ent period is.gaining *** order to prolong their s.ay in the human body,virus.s.affect the human immune s.s.emin various.*** viral infections.s.ch as.influenza can lead to trans.ent lymphocytopenia,which lays.the groundwork for more dangerous.opportunis.ic ***(CMV)infection is.a rare caus. of inflammatory *** pres.nt the cas. of a patient with an influenza infection who progres.ed to s.vere acute res.iratory dis.res. s.ndrome,methicillin-res.s.ant s.aphylococcus.aureus.necrotizing pneumonia,and idiopathic lymphocytopenia with a CD4 count of 61 perμL on *** 2 weeks.the patient developed complete flaccid paralys.s.with s.ns.ry and autonomic *** his.polymeras. chain reaction res.lts.of cerebros.inal fluid and blood tes. were pos.tive for CMV infection,he was.treated with high dos.s.of s.eroids.and ganciclovir *** to early diagnos.s.and intervention,the patient was.able to recover in 2 months.with only minimal res.dual ***,this.cas. s.res.es.on the importance of looking out for opportunis.ic infections.in patients.affected by s.vere viral infections.for their early recovery.

关键词： Influenza,Human Lymphocytopenia Trans.ers. myelitis Cas. report