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Non-Infectious Complications of Non-Tunneled Central Venous Catheterization for Hemodialysis: Incidence and Reasons in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2016年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： gérard Coulibaly gildas Ilboudo Adama Roger Karambiri François p. Kissou Adama Lengani Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center (YO-UHC) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

goal: Evaluate the importance and reasons of non-infectious complications of non-tunneled central venous catheterization in our hemodialysis unit. patients and methods: The study, a prospective type, was conducted in the department of nephrology and hemodialysis of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center (YO-UHC) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, from 15 February to 30 June 2015. patients in whom a new central venous catheter (CVC) was inserted during the study period were included. Catheterization-related complications were noted. Results: During the study period, 156 CVCs (9 per week) were placed in femoral (56.4%), internal jugular (40.4%) or subclavian vein (3.2%). There were 114 patients (59.7% of men and 40.3% of women), average age 41.8 ± 17.1 years, low socio-economic level in 64% of cases. At least a non-infectious complication was observed in 67 cases representing 42.9%. They were: puncture failure (40%), arterial puncture (12.2%), puncture of the thoracic duct (1.3%), pneumothorax (1.3%), bleeding related to the catheter insertion (5.8%), hematoma (1.3%), opposite direction (0.6%), dysfunction of the CVC (10.3%), femoralthrombophlebitis (3.2%). Conclusion: Non-infectious complications of non-tunneled central venous catheterization in our hemodialysis unit were frequent and sometimes severe. Their common denominator was the absence of ultrasound guidance. Our study reaffirms the need for equipping with Doppler ultrasound in our hemodialysis units, even in developing countries, for better security of the patient during central venous catheterization.

关键词： Burkina Faso Catheterization Complication Hemodialysis pneumothorax Thrombophlebitis

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Air Quality, Health and Community Action

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Journal of Environmental protection 2017年第10期8卷 1057-1074页

作者： Larry E. Erickson Wendy griswold Ronaldo g. Maghirang Brian p. Urbaszewski Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA University of Memphis Memphis TN USA Respiratory Health Association Chicago IL USA

Air quality is impacting health in many cities in most countries because of particulate pollution, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. Very small particulates from engine emissions and coal fired electric power plants enter the lungs and pollute the blood of urban residents leading to a burden of disease with more than 3 million premature deaths per year attributed to outdoor air pollution. Welfare losses including premature deaths associated with air pollution were about $5 trillion in 2013. A global transition to electric vehicles, and the generation of electricity without combustion emissions would improve air quality significantly and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This transition is in progress in many parts of the world with more than 2 million electric vehicles in service in 2017. Electric bus and electric taxi sales are increasing, and many large cities have multiple programs to improve air quality. When health costs are considered, it is very appropriate for communities to take action to improve air quality and health. This work reviews and reports many positive actions that are in progress in larger cities.

关键词： Air pollution particulates Air Quality Health Electric Vehicles Solar Disease Cities Urban

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Diurnal variation in fecal concentrations of acid-detergent insoluble ash and alkaline-peroxide lignin from cattle fed bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 410-415页

作者： Juvenal Kanani Dirk philipp Kenneth p Coffey Elizabeth B Kegley Charles p West Shane gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert T Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： The effect of time of fecal sampling on the accuracy of acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA） and alkaline-peroxide lignin （ApL） for the prediction of fecal output （FO） in cattle was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 _＋ 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon （L.） pers.] hay diets markedly different in crude protein concentration （79-164 g/kg） with 2 replicates per diet for 3 periods. Cows were offered hay individually at 20 g DM/kg of body weight daily in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation period followed by 5-d of total fecal collection. Fecal grab samples also were taken each day during the fecal collection period at 06：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00 h either directly from the rectum or from freshly voided feces. Samples were composited within cow and time across the 5 d total fecal collection period. Additionally, forage, ort, and fecal samples were analyzed for concentrations of ApL and ADIA. Results： Fecal concentrations of ADIA and ApL were not affected by sampling time （p 〉 0.22）, even though diet affected （p 〈 0.01） fecal ADIA and ApL concentrations. There were no diet x sampling time interactions （p ≥ 0.60）. Estimates of FO and dry matter digestibility （DMD） from ADIA and ApL were not affected （p 〉 0.16） by sampling time or the diet x sampling time interaction （p 〉 0.74）. Estimates of FO and DMD from markers from different sampling times or all different combinations of sampling time were not different （p 〉 0.72） from those of total collection among internal markers. Conclusion： Little variation in concentrations of ADIA and ApL in daily fecal excretion across time increases flexibility in fecal grab sampling schedules for predicting FO and DMD.

关键词： Digestibility Fecal sampling time Internal markers Bermudagrass Cattle

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Efficacy of Detoxsan~? powder on diarrhea caused by gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2019年第17期25卷 2133-2143页

作者： Thomas Langbein Wilfried Dathe Anika Deuerling Richard p Baum Theranostics Center for Molecular Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging Zentralklinik Bad Berka Scientific Managment Heck Bio-Pharma GmbH

BACKgROUND patients with neuroendocrine tumors(NETs) of the gastrointestinal tract suffer frequently from chronic diarrhea. A well characterized medical advice containing zeolite(Detoxsan~? powder) was applied to patients suffered from therapyrefractory diarrhea either by its frequency or by watery stool, despite receiving standard pharmacotherapy according to the guidelines for carcinoid syndrome and comorbidities. Detoxsan~? powder acts as an adsorbent and might reduce significantly symptoms of diarrhea in patients suffering from *** To overcome the therapy-refractory diarrhea of patients with NETs by the zeolite containing medical advice Detoxsan~? *** A total of 20 patients(12 female and 8 male) suffering from diarrhea either by its frequency or from watery stool caused by NETs were included. In each patient,the diagnosis had been confirmed by histology and somatostatin receptors expression proven by positron emission tomography/computed tomography using ga-68-labeled somatostatin analogs. All patients received standard-of-care pharmacotherapy and were additionally given Detoxsan~? powder as an extemporaneous drug containing 90% natural Cuban zeolite and 10% magnesium aspartate. Recommended daily dosage ranges between 3 g once to three times per day. Each day dose and bowel movements were documented by the patients themselves in a pre-defined table. Additionally to the bowel movements quantitative determinations of serotonin, urea, creatinine and single ions were performed within the serum of the patients by commercially available equipment used as a matter of routine in the *** All patients enrolled in this pilot study did not only suffer from NETs, but also from comorbidities and treatment-resistant diarrhea. There was insufficient control of diarrhea, most probably due to the secretion of hormones like serotonin produced by the slowly growing and highly differentiated NETs. All patients only took Detoxsan~? powder as an antidiarrhea

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumor Diarrhea Carcinoid syndrome Treatment Clinoptilolite Mordenite Zeolite

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N-propionylmannosamine stimulates axonal elongation in a murine model of sciatic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第6期10卷 976-981页

作者： Christian Witzel Werner Reutter g.Bj?rn Stark georgios Koulaxouzidis plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Interdisciplinary Breast CenterCharité–Universit?tsmedizin Berlin Institute of Laboratory Medicine Clinical Chemistry and PathobiochemistryCharité–Universit?tsmedizin Berlin Department of plastic and Hand Surgery University of Freiburg Medical Centre

Increasing evidence indicates that sialic acid plays an important role during nerve regeneration. Sialic acids can be modified in vitro as well as in vivo using metabolic oligosaccharide engineering of the N-awl side chain. N-propionylmannosamine （ManNprop） increases neurite outgrowth and accelerates the reestablishment of functional synapses in vitro. We investigated the influence of systemic ManNprop application using a specific in vivo mouse model. Using mice expressing axonal fluorescent proteins, we quantified the extension of regenerating axons, the number of regenerating axons, the number of arborising axons and the number of branches per axon 5 days after injury. Sciatic nerves from non-expressing mice were grafted into those expressing yellow fluorescent protein. We began a twice-daily intraperitoneal application of either peracetylated ManNprop （200 mg/kg） or saline solution 5 days before injury, and continued it until nerve harvest （5 days after transection）. ManNprop significantly increased the mean distance of axonal regeneration （2.49 mm vs. 1.53 mm; p 〈 0.005） and the number of arborizing axons （21% vs. 16%; p = 0.008） 5 days after sciatic nerve grafting. ManNprop did not affect the number of regenerating axons or the number of branches per arborizing axon. The biochemical glycoengineering of the N-acyl side chain of sialic acid might be a promising approach for improving peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： N-propionylmannosamine sialic acid glycoengineering sciatic nerve peripheral nerve branching arborisation Thyl-YFp mouse nerve regeneration

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Optimization and Quality Characters of protein Enriched pasta

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2011年第4期1卷 271-281页

作者： A. Kaur S. Sharma H. p. S. Nagi g. Kaur Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141004 India

The response surface methodology （Box-behnken design） was acknowledged for the production of optimized protein enriched pasta. Studied responses （protein, overall acceptability, hue angle and hardness） resulted to high protein pasta. The optima were at 12.5%,5 mung bean, 10% whey protein concentrate and 6% egg albumen in combination. Best combination of protein source and their respective level for high protein pasta on the quality evaluation basis were mung bean （15%）＋ whey protein concentrate （10%）; mung bean （15%）＋ egg albumen （6%）; mung bean （15%）＋ whey protein concentrate （10%）＋ egg albumen （6%）. Hue angle and Hardness remained within acceptable range. Model adequacy was supported with lack of fit test. Enriched protein pasta had excellent cooking and sensory quality during storage period of 4 months. ERH value ranged from 34-36 per cent had supported the results. Rheological properties and good storage behaviour （4 months） had also enhanced the quality of optimized protein enriched pasta. Enriched pasta was rated excellent by 70 per cent of the consumers in mass acceptability trials.

关键词： pasta protein enrichment RSM Box-behnken mung bean flour whey protein concentrate egg albumen.

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Indicators of success for smart law enforcement in protected areas:A case study for Russian Amur tiger(panthera tigris altaica)reserves

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 2-15页

作者： Michiel H.H.HÖTTE Igor A.KOLODIN Sergei L.BEREZNUK Jonathan C.SLAgHT Linda L.KERLEY Svetlana V.SOUTYRINA galina p.SALKINA Olga Y.ZAUMYSLOVA Emma J.STOKES Dale g.MIQUELLE Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA phoenix Fund VladivostokRussian Federation Zoological Society of London Regent’s ParkLondonEngland Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik Primorskii KraiRussian Federation Lazovskii State Nature Zapovednik Primorskii KraiRussian Federation Department of Ecology Far Eastern Federal UniversityAyaksRusski Island

Although considerable conservation resources have been committed to develop and use law enforcement monitoring and management tools such as SMART,measures of success are ill-defined and,to date,few reports detail results ***,we present 4 case studies from protected areas with Amur tigers(panthera tigris altaica)in Russia,in which indicators of success were defined and evaluated at *** ultimate goal was an increase in tiger numbers to 1 individual/100 km^(2)at each *** predicted that improvements in law enforcement effectiveness would be followed by increases in prey numbers and,subsequently,tiger *** used short-term and long-term indicators of success,including:(i)patrol team effort and effectiveness;(ii)catch per unit effort indicators(to measure reductions in threats);and(iii)changes in target species *** addition to implementing a monitoring system,we focused on improving law enforcement management using an adaptive management *** 4 years,we noted clear increases in patrol effort and a partial reduction in *** we did not detect clear trends in ungulate numbers,tiger populations remained stable or increased,suggesting that poaching of tigers may be more limiting than prey *** effectiveness is needed before a clear reduction in threats can be noted,and more time is needed before detecting responses in target ***,delineation of concrete goals and indicators of success provide a means of evaluating progress and *** monitoring should be a central component of law enforcement strategies for protected areas.

关键词： adaptive patrol management Amur tiger anti-poaching law enforcement monitoring SMART

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Cropping pattern Modifications Change Water Resource Demands in the Beijing Metropolitan Area

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1914-1923页

作者： HUANg Jing Bradley g Ridoutt XU Chang-chun ZHANgHai-lin CHEN Fu College of Agriculture and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R. China Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Sustainable Agriculture Flagship Victoria 3169 Australia

Adequate freshwater supply has become an issue of increasing local and international concern. Reducing water use in agriculture, which is the largest water using sector of the economy, is both important and urgent. The aim of this paper was to quantify how recent cropping pattern changes have influenced water resources in the great Beijing metropolitan area, an expanding megacity which also includes rural counties. Crop production affects blue water use through water consumption and water pollution, the latter assessed here using a critical dilution method. From 1990 to 2010, the total blue water used by crop production declined due to a decrease in overall cropped area, initially in response to local government policies favouring urban development. However, the average blue water use per hectare increased from 2 112 m3 ha-~ yr-~ in 1990 to 2 764 m3 ha-1 yr-1 in 2003, largely as the result of a transition from cereal to vegetable crops, and in particular an increase in intensively managed plastic and glass covered vegetable production systems. Current policies aim to conserve agricultural land, in the interests of food security, and to stimulate cereal production systems with higher ecosystem services provision. As such, in 2010 the average blue water use was 2 425 m3 ha-~ yr-l. These results demonstrate that cropping pattern changes in peri-urban regions and rural communities surrounding the Beijing metropolitan area can have a substantial impact on water resources. They also highlight the tradeoffs between food production and urban and industrial water supply and the need for integrated policy development.

关键词： blue water use water consumption water pollution cropping pattern adjustment peri-urban food production

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Influence of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第12期10卷 546-559页

作者： Aleksander A Agarkov Tatyana N popova Yana g Boltysheva Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Voronezh State University

BACKgROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen ***,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LpO)in lipoprotein *** concentration of LpO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by *** is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this *** To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced *** To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH ***1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per *** samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence *** hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with *** amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natel

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Free radical oxidation Antioxidants 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium

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Effects of Ayurvedic Rasayana botanicals on CYp3A4 isoenzyme system

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第3期13卷 165-172页

作者： Swapnil p.Borse Bhagyashree B.Kamble Symbiosis School of Biomedical Sciences Symbiosis International University Department of pharmacognosy JSS College of Pharmacy

OBJECTIVE： Consuming botanical dietary supplements or herbal drugs along with prescription drugs may lead to potential pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic（pK-pD） herb-drug interactions（HDI）. The present study focuses on the importance of and novel approach for assessing HDI in integrative medicine with case examples of two frequently-used Ayurvedic Rasayana ***： The aqueous extracts of Asparagus racemosus（ARE） and gymnema sylvester（gSE） were prepared as per Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India. Chemoprofiling of these extracts was done using high-performance liquid chromatography（HpLC）. Additionally, ARE was characterized for the presence of shatavarins IV and I using HpLC ＆ mass spectroscopy respectively. Effects of ARE and gSE were investigated on rat liver microsome using testosterone probe drug assay. The changes in formation of metabolite（6-β hydroxy testosterone） were monitored on incubation of testosterone alone, testosterone with ketoconazole, ARE and gSE using HpLC. Half inhibitory concentration（IC50） was used to predict plausible ***： ARE and gSE showed no inhibition with IC50 values 〉1 000 μg/m L while the standard inhibitor ketoconazole completely abolished CYp3A4-dependent activity at 0.531 μg/m L and IC50 was found to be 0.036 μg/m ***： ARE and gSE prepared as per Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India were found to be safe for CYp3A4-mediated inhibitory HDI in rats. Our in vitro study suggests the need of further in vivo investigation for HDI in order to provide clinical relevance.

关键词： drugs,Chinese herbal Ayurveda Asparagus racemosus gymnema sylvester plant extracts cytochrome p-450 CYp3A herb-drug interactions

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