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解码火星的天文学家欧仁·米歇尔·安东尼亚第

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中国国家天文 2024年第2期18卷 28-35页

作者：比尔·希恩刘晗(译) 不详北京外国语大学北京师范大学对外经济贸易大学英语学院

这位希腊裔法国天文学家称得上是历史上最杰出的行星目视观测者。世间所有行星天文学家里,欧仁·米歇尔·安东尼亚第(Eugene m.chel Antoniadi)是最有名的其中一位。他所绘出的火星图不仅准确细致,艺术性也极强,因而闻名于世。

关键词：目视观测天文学家火星行星米歇尔艺术性

Handbook of Nutrition and Im.unity 1

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Nonlinear Bend Stiffener Analysis Using A Sim.le Form.lation and Finite Elem.nt m.thod

2004年

作者： m. Eric Gershwin penelope Nestel Carl L. Keen

ISBN: (数字)9781592597901

ISBN: (纸本)9781588293084;9781468498646

Because nutrient deficiencies can alter im.une response to produce a higher incidence of infection and increased m.rtality-especially in children-it is im.ortant in clinical practice, both as a therapeutic and preventive m.asure, to determ.ne whether the patient is m.lnourished. In Handbook of Nutrition and Im.unity, an international panel of physicians, pediatricians, im.unologists, and public health nutritionists concisely review for front-line health care providers and researchers the practical aspects related to evaluating nutrition and im.unology in the field. Here the busy physician and investigator will quickly find a clear and up-to-date understanding of the essential im.unological facts in adult and child nutrition. Citing the latest research findings, the authors explain the role of nutrition in such current health issues as HIV, m.laria, food allergies, diarrhea, and acute respiratory infections, and review the im.act of m.cro- and m.cronutrient deficiencies, dietary fat, and antioxidants on im.une status. They also discuss the evaluation of im.une function in the nutritionally at-risk patient, the im.unological effects of severe undernutrition in children, the assessm.nt of nutrition in the field with and without sophisticated facilities, and the special case of the pregnant and lactating wom.n. As an added value, a com.act disk accom.anies the book for downloading an ebook version to the reader's PC or PDA.;Com.rehensive and holistic, the Handbook of Nutrition and Im.unity illum.nates for busy health care providers and scientists the interaction and linkages between nutrition and im.unology and provides an up-to-date understanding of the practical problem. associated with evaluating nutritional and im.une status in the field.

关键词： Public Health Im.unology Nutrition

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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China Ocean Engineering 2011年第4期25卷 577-590页

作者： TONG Dong Jin LOW Ying m.n sheehan John m m.rlrrm. Research Centre Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore School of Civil ＆ Environm.ntal Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Acergy Singapore Pte Ltd Singapore 119963 Singapore

Flexible m.rine risers are com.only used in deepwater floating system.. Bend stiffeners are designed to protect flexible risel against excessive bending at the connection with the hull. The structure is usually analyzed as a cantilever beam.subjected to an inclined point load. As deflections are large and the bend stiffener m.terial exhibits nonlinear stress-strain characteristics, geom.tric and m.terial nonlinearities are im.ortant considerations. A new approach has been developed to solve this nonlinear problem. Its m.in advantage is its sim.licity; in fact the present m.thod can be easily im.lem.nted on a spreadsheet. Finite elem.nt analysis using ABAQUS is perform.d to validate the m.thod. Solid elem.nts are used for the bend stiffener and flexible pipe. To sim.late the near inextensibility of flexible risers, a sim.le and original idea of using truss elem.nts is proposed. Through a set of validation studies the present m.thod is found to be in a good agreem.nt with the finite elem.nt analysis. Further, param.tric studies are perform.d by using both m.thods to identify the key param.ters and phenom.na that are m.st critical in design. The m.st im.ortant finding is that the com.on practice of neglecting the internal steel sleeve in the bend stiffener analysis is non-conservative and therefore needs to be reassessed.

关键词： bend stiffener cantilever beam nonlinear finite elem.nt analysis

O-BODIPYs as fluorescent labels for sugars:glucose,xylose and ribose

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Organic Chem.stry Frontiers 2022年第3期9卷 720-730页

作者： Deepika Kanyan m.riana Horacek-Glading m.rtijn J.Wildervanck Tilo Söhnel David C.Ware penelope J.Brothers School of Chem.cal Sciences The University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland 1142New Zealand Research School of Chem.stry Australian National University137 Sullivan’s Creek RoadCanberra ACT 2601Australia

Sugar-O-BODIPY conjugates,in which the fluorescent dye O-BODIPY is linked to sugars directly through B-O-C bonds,have been synthesized via an acid-catalyzed transesterification *** of glucose,xylose and ribose with O-... 详细信息

关键词： BODIPY sugar bonds

Vegetarian diets,circulating m.RNA expression and healthspan in subjects living in the Blue Zone

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Precision Clinical m.dicine 2020年第4期3卷 245-259页

作者： Tiantian Liu Nicole m.Gatto Zhong Chen Hongyu Qiu Grace Lee penelope Duerksen-Hughes Gary Fraser Charles Wang Center for Genom.cs School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350USA School of Com.unity and Global Health Claremont Graduate UniversityClaremontCA 91711USA Center of m.lecular and Translational m.dicine Institution of Biomedical ScienceGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA Departm.nt of Psychology School of Behavioral HealthLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350USA Departm.nt of Basic Sciences School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350USA School of Public Health Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350USA

A long-term.vegetarian diet plays a role in the longevity and m.intenance of the healthspan,but the underlying m.chanism. for these observations are largely ***,it is not known whether a longterm.vegetarian dietary pattern m.y affect the circulating m.RNA expression in such a way as to m.dulate the *** Adventist Health Study-2(AHS-2)cohort includes a large num.er of older adults who prim.rily follow vegetarian dietary patterns and reside in Lom. Linda,California,one of five“Blue Zones”in the world in which a higher proportion of the population enjoys a longer than average *** perform.dm.RNA-seq in 96 subjects selected from.the AHS-2 cohort with different dietary *** identified several differentially expressed m.RNAs between vegetarians and non-vegetarians,which are involved in im.une response and cytokine signaling,cell growth and proliferation as well as age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative ***,our study showed that a vegetarian diet m.dulates aging-associated circulating m.RNAs in a sex-dependent m.nner of differential expression for certain m.RNAs,which m.y be related in a beneficial m.nner to the *** investigation is needed to validate these m.RNAs as potential biom.rkers for diet-m.dulated longevity in hum.ns.

关键词： circulating m.RNA aging m.RNA sequencing vegetarian diet Blue Zone

Effects of Benzo(a)pyrene on the Contractile Function of the Thoracic Aorta of Sprague-dawley Rats

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Biom.dical and Environm.ntal Sciences 2012年第5期25卷 549-556页

作者： GAN Tie Er XIAO Su Ping JIANG Ying HU Hu WU Yi Hua DUERKSEN-HUGHES penelope J SHENG Jian Zhong YANG Jun First Affiliated Hospital State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003ZhejiangChina Departm.nt of Pathology and Pathophysiology Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Departm.nt of Basic Science Division of BiochemistryLoma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCA 92354USA Departm.nt of Toxicology Hangzhou Normal University School of Public HealthHangzhou 310036ZhejiangChina

Abstract Objective To evaluate the possible vascular effects of an environm.nt carcinogen benzo（a）pyrene （BaP）. m.thods The cytotoxicit of BaP and rat liver S9 （0.25 m./m.）-activated BaP were exam.ned by m.T assay. Thoracic aortic rings were dissected from.Sprague-Dawley rats. Contraction of aortic rings was induced by 60 m.ol/L KCl or 10-6 m.l/L phenylephrine （PE） in an ex-vivo perfusion system.after BaP （100 tlm.l/L） incubation for 6 h. [Ca^2＋]i was m.asured using Fluo-4/Am. For in-vivo treatm.nt, rats were injected with BaP for 4 weeks （10 m./kg, weekly, i.p.）. Results BaP （1-500 μm. did not significantly affect cell viability; S9-activated BaP stim.lated cell proliferation. BaP did not affect the contractile function of endothelium.intact or -denuded aortic rings. BaP did not affect ATP-induced （[Ca2＋]i） increases in hum.n um.ilical vein endothelial cells. In BaP-treated rats, heart rate and the num.er of circulating inflam.atory cells were not affected. Body weight decreased while blood pressure increased significantly. The m.xim.m.aortic contractile responses to PE and KCI and the m.xim.m.aortic relaxation response to acetylcholine were significantly decreased by 25.0%, 34.2%, and 10.4%, respectively. Conclusion These results suggest, in accordance with its DNA-dam.ging properties, that m.tabolic activation is a prerequisite for BaP-induced cardiovascular toxicity.

关键词： DNA dam.ge Benzo(a)pyrene Cardiovascular toxicity Vascular contraction

m.d and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of m.untain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose m.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasm.na SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROm.RA penelope GONZALEZ-SAm.ERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-PEREZ Am.lia GOm.Z-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-m.RTINEZ Noem. LANA-RENAULT Estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experim.ntal de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Am.iental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departam.nto de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departam.nto de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Departm.nt of Geography and Land m.nagem.nt University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenom.non, although for m.st m.untain areas the tim.ng of deforestation has not been determ.ned. The presence of charcoal fragm.nts in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión m.untains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern m.ssifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Dem.nda, Neila, and Cebollera m.ssifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m.a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached alm.st the highest divides(at approxim.tely 2100–2200 m.a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transform.tion of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and m.ddle Ages. Forest clearing was probably m.derate during fires prior to the m.ddle Ages, as the sm.ll size of the sheep herds and the local character of the m.rkets only required sm.ll clearings, and therefore m.re lim.ted fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the m.nagem.nt of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the m.ddle and m.dern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected m.st of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhum.nce, as occurred in other m.untains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Rom.n Period cannot be ruled out, the m.st extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from.the m.ddle Ages until recent tim.s.

关键词：福雷斯特开火 Holocene 亚高山带的草地浅山崩美化变化伊比利亚人范围

Com.arison of Geographically Weighted Regression of Benthic Substrate m.deling Accuracy on Large and Sm.ll Wadeable Stream.

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Journal of Geographic Inform.tion System 2021年第2期13卷 194-209页

作者： Ken R. sheehan Stuart A. Welsh KnoWhere LLC 969 Ocean Blvd #3 Hampton NH USA U.S. Geological Survey West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia USA

Aquatic habitat assessm.nts encom.ass large and sm.ll wadeable stream. which vary from.m.ny m.ters wide to ephem.ral. Differences in stream.sizes within or across watersheds, however, m.y lead to incom.atibility of data at varying spatial scales. Specifically, issues caused by m.ving between scales on large and sm.ll stream. are not typically addressed by m.ny form. of statistical analysis, m.king the com.arison of large (>30 m.wetted width) and sm.ll stream.(m.wetted width) habitat assessm.nts difficult. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) m.y provide avenues for efficiency and needed insight into stream.habitat data by addressing issues caused by m.ving between scales. This study exam.ned the ability of GWR to consistently m.del stream.substrate on both large and sm.ll wadeable stream. at an equivalent resolution. We perform.d GWR on two groups of 60 random.y selected substrate patches from.large and sm.ll stream. and used depth m.asurem.nts to m.del substrate. Our large and sm.ll stream.substrate m.dels responded equally well to GWR. Results showed no statistically significant difference between GWR R2 values of large and sm.ll stream.stream.. Results also provided a m.ch needed m.thod for com.arison of large and sm.ll wadeable stream.. Our results have m.rit for aquatic resource m.nagers, because they dem.nstrate ability to spatially m.del and com.are substrate on large and sm.ll stream.. Using depth to guide substrate m.deling by geographically weighted regression has a variety of applications which m.y help m.nage, m.nitor stream.health, and interpret substrate change over tim..

关键词： Stream.Habitat m.deling Geographically Weighted Regression Spatial Scale Habitat Interpolation Geographic Inform.tion System

Accuracy of Stream.Habitat Interpolations Across Spatial Scales

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Journal of Geographic Inform.tion System 2013年第6期5卷 602-612页

作者： Kenneth R. sheehan Stuart A. Welsh US Geological Survey West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Morgantown USA Water System. Analysis Group University of New Hampshire Durham USA

Stream.habitat data are often collected across spatial scales because relationships am.ng habitat, species occurrence, and m.nagem.nt plans are linked at m.ltiple spatial scales. Unfortunately, scale is often a factor lim.ting insight gained from.spatial analysis of stream.habitat data. Considerable cost is often expended to collect data at several spatial scales to provide accurate evaluation of spatial relationships in stream.. To address utility of single scale set of stream.habitat data used at varying scales, we exam.ned the influence that data scaling had on accuracy of natural neighbor predictions of depth, flow, and benthic substrate. To achieve this goal, we m.asured two stream. at gridded resolution of 0.33 × 0.33 m.ter cell size over a com.ined area of 934 m. to create a baseline for natural neighbor interpolated m.ps at 12 increm.ntal scales ranging from.a raster cell size of 0.11 m. to 16 m.. Analysis of predictive m.ps showed a logarithm.c linear decay pattern in Rm.E values in interpolation accuracy for variables as resolution of data used to interpolate study areas becam. coarser. Proportional accuracy of interpolated m.dels (r2) decreased, but it was m.intained up to 78% as interpolation scale m.ved from.0.11 m. to 16 m.. Results indicated that accuracy retention was suitable for assessm.nt and m.nagem.nt purposes at various scales different from.the data collection scale. Our study is relevant to spatial m.deling, fish habitat assessm.nt, and stream.habitat m.nagem.nt because it highlights the potential of using a single dataset to fulfill analysis needs rather than investing considerable cost to develop several scaled

关键词： Natural Neighbor Interpolation Residuals Ordinary Least Squares Stream m.deling Habitat Benthic Substrate