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Tomato CYP94C1 inactivates bioactive JA-lle to attenuate jasmonate-mediated defense during fruit ripening

Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 509-512页

作者： Tianxia Yang Lei Deng Qinyang Wang Chuanlong Sun Muhammad Ali Fangming Wu Huawei Zhaj Qian Xu peiyong xin Shujing Cheng Jinfang Chu Tingting Huang Chang-Bao Li Chuanyou Li Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China Taishan Academy of Tomato Innovation Tai'an 271018China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China Institute of Vegetable Qingdao Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China) Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBejing 100097China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding(MOE) Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Dear Editor,Fruit rot caused by necrotrophic pathogens results in substantial reductions in fruit yield and revenues worldwide(Petrasch et al.,2019).A widespread phenomenon in fleshy fruit species is the susceptibility of ripe fruits to necrotrophs(Silva et al.,2021),which facilitates seed dispersal(Forlani et al.,2019)but causes severe post-harvest losses in production.As most of the nutritional and sensory qualities of fruits are elaborated at the ripening stage(Liu et al.,2015),balancing fruit ripening and pathogen resistance to maintain fruit quality has proven to be challenging.A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility of fruits to necrotrophs during ripening could lead to new strategies for producing necrotrophy-resistant fruits without compromising ripening-relatedquality.

关键词： susceptibility maintain fruit

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Creation of fragrant sorghum by CRISPR/Cas9

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第5期64卷 961-964页

作者： Dan Zhang Sanyuan Tang Peng Xie Dekai Yang Yaorong Wu Shujing Cheng Kai Du peiyong xin Jinfang Chu Feifei Yu Qi Xie State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Animal Facility Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Sorghum,the fifth largest cereal crop,has high value as a staple food and raw material for liquor and vinegar brewing.Due to its high biomass and quality,it is also used as the second most planted silage resource.No fragrant sorghums are currently on the market.Through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Sb BADH2,we obtained sorghum lines with extraordinary aromatic smell in both seeds and leaves.Animal feeding experiments showed that fragrant sorghum leaves were attractable.We believe this advantage will produce great value in the sorghum market for both grain and whole biomass forage.

关键词： BADH2 brewing CRISPR/Cas9 fragrant sorghum livestock

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SnoRNP is essential for thermospermine-mediated development in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 2-11页

作者： Xilong Li Zongyun Yan Meiling Zhang Jiayin Wang peiyong xin Shujing Cheng Liquan Kou Xiaoting Zhang Songlin Wu Jinfang Chu Chengqi Yi Keqiong Ye Bing Wang Jiayang Li State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of RNA Biology CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Polyamines have been discovered for hundreds of years and once considered as a class of phytohormones.Polyamines play critical roles in a range of developmental processes.However,the molecular mechanisms of polyamine signaling pathways remain poorly understood.Here,we measured the contents of main types of polyamines,and found that endogenous level of thermospermine(T-Spm)in Arabidopsis thaliana is comparable to those of classic phytohormones and is significantly lower than those of putrescine(Put),spermidine(Spd),and spermine(Spm).We further found a nodule-like structure around the junction area connecting the shoot and root of the T-Spm biosynthetic mutant acl5 and obtained more than 50 suppressors of acl5 nodule structure(san)through suppressor screening.An in-depth study of two san suppressors revealed that NAP57 and NOP56,core components of box H/ACA and C/D snoRNPs,were essential for T-Spm-mediated nodule-like structure formation and plant height.Furthermore,analyses of rRNA modifications showed that the overall levels of pseudouridylation and 2′-O-methylation were compromised in san1 and san2 respectively.Taken together,these results establish a strong genetic relationship between rRNA modification and T-Spm-mediated growth and development,which was previously undiscovered in all organisms.

关键词： polyamines thermospermine snoRNP pseudouridylation 2’-O-methylation Arabidopsis thaliana

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A sensitive and accurate method for quantifying endogenous systemin levels and verifying natural occurrence of Leu-Systemin

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Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 90-93页

作者： Jijun Yan peiyong xin Shujing Cheng Jinfang Chu National Centre for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China

Dear Editor,Tomato systemin(TomSys),the first discovered plant peptide hormone,can initiate systemic mobile signals to stimulate an immune response in both wounded and intact leaves(Pearce et al.,1991).For decades,biologists have been striving to uncover the mechanisms of TomSys function,but detailed information on the TomSys-regulated systemic defense process remains limited to date.The specific roles of three potential transmissible signaling components,ProSys mRNA,TomSys,and jasmonic acid(JA),in activation of systemic defense responses still need to be clarified(Zhang et al.,2020).

关键词： endogenous leaves clarified

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A Tailored High-Efficiency Sample Pretreatment Method for Simultaneous Quantification of 10 Classes of Known Endogenous Phytohormones

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Plant Communications 2020年第3期1卷 75-84页

作者： peiyong xin Qiuhuan Guo Bingbing Li Shujing Cheng Jijun Yan Jinfang Chu National Centre for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Innovation Academy for Seed DesignInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039P.R.China

One of the hottest topics in plant hormone biology is the crosstalk mechanisms,whereby multiple classes of phytohormones interplay with each other through signaling networks.To better understand the roles of hormonal crosstalks in their complex regulatory networks,it is of high significance to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions of multiple-phytohormones simultaneously from one plant tissue sample.In this study,we develop a high-sensitivity and high-throughput method for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of 44 phytohormone compounds,covering currently known 10 major classes of phytohormones(strigolactones,brassinosteroids,gibberellins,auxin,abscisic acid,jasmonic acid,salicylic acid,cytokinins,ethylene,and polypeptide hormones[e.g.,phytosulfokine])from only 100 mg of plant sample.These compounds were grouped and purified separately with a tailored solid-phase extraction procedure based on their physicochemical properties and then analyzed by LC–MS/MS.The recoveries of our method ranged from 49.6%to 99.9%and the matrix effects from 61.8%to 102.5%,indicating that the overall sample pretreatment design resulted in good purification.The limits of quantitation(LOQs)of our method ranged from 0.06 to 1.29 pg/100 mg fresh weight and its precision was less than 13.4%,indicating high sensitivity and good reproducibility of the method.Tests of our method in different plant matrices demonstrated its wide applicability.Collectively,these advantages will make our method helpful in clarifying the crosstalk networks of phytohormones.

关键词： phytohormones quantitative analysis LC-MS/MS solid-phase extraction plant tissue

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Regulation of nitrogen starvation responses by the alarmone(p)ppGpp in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 469-480页

作者： Hanwen Li Jinqiang Nian Shuang Fang Meng Guo Xiahe Huang Fengxia Zhang Qing Wang Jian Zhang Jiaoteng Bai Guojun Dong peiyong xin Xianzhi Xie Fan Chen Guodong Wang Yingchun Wang Qian Qian Jianru Zuo Jinfang Chu Xiaohui Ma State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing)Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Innovation Academy for Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310006China Institute of Wetland Agriculture and Ecology Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanShandong 250100China Hainan Yazhou Bay Laboratory SanyaHainan 572025China CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient for all living organisms and is critical for crop productivity and quality.In higher plants,inorganic nitrogen is absorbed through roots and then assimilated into amino acids by the highly conserved glutamine synthetase/glutamine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase(GS/GOGAT)cycle.How nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen starvation responses of plants are regulated remains largely unknown.Previous studies revealed that mutations in the rice ABNORMAL CYTOKININ RESPONSE1(ABC1)gene encoding Fd-GOGAT cause a typical nitrogen deficiency syndrome.Here,we show that ARE2(for ABC1 REPRESSOR2)is a key regulator of nitrogen starvation responses in rice.The are2 mutations partially rescue the nitrogen-deficient phenotype of abc1 and the are2 mutants show enhanced tolerance to nitrogen deficiency,suggesting that ARE2 genetically interacts with ABC1/Fd-GOGAT.ARE2 encodes a chloroplast-localized Rel A/Spo T homolog protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of guanosine pentaphosphate or tetraphosphate(p)pp Gpp,an alarmone regulating the stringent response in bacteria under nutritional stress conditions.The are2 mutants accumulate excessive amounts of(p)pp Gpp,which correlate with lower levels of photosynthetic proteins and higher amino acid levels.Collectively,these observations suggest that the alarmone(p)pp Gpp mediates nitrogen stress responses and may constitute a highly conserved mechanism from bacteria to plants.

关键词： Rice Stringent response Nitrogen starvation response (p)ppGpp ARE2

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Rapid and specific isolation of intact mitochondria from Arabidopsis leaves

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第1期47卷 65-68页

作者： Lilan Luo Yajun He Qian Xu Wenhui Lyu Jijun Yan peiyong xin Dahan Zhang Jinfang Chu Jiayang Li Hong Yu State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Mitochondria carry out many essential metabolic processes, the dynamic of which impacts most aspects of cellular physiology(Balk and Leaver, 2001;Rose and Sheahan, 2012). Therefore, characterizing the real-time metabo... 详细信息

关键词： significance. ). metabolic

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Genetic Basis of the Wheat Awn:Genome Wide Association Analysis,Fine Mapping and Characterization of Genes Controlling Awn Length in CommonWheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

Genetic Basis of the Wheat Awn:Genome Wide Association Analy...

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第十届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Dongzhi Wang Kang Yu Di Jin Linhe Sun Jinfang Chu Wenying Wu peiyong xin xin Li Jiazhu Sun Wenlong Yang Kehui Zhan Aimin Zhang Dongcheng Liu State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural University National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Biology and Agriculture Research Center University of Science and Technology Beijing

Awn plays a vital role in the photosynthesis,grain production and drought tolerance of common wheat.However,the genetic basis of the wheat awn is not clear and genes involving in the awn development of wheat have not been systematic identified or cloned.Here,we conducted the Genome Wide Association Study(GWAS) on awn length(AL) in 364 winter wheat accessions and identified 26 loci including dominant awn suppressors B1,B2,Hd and homologs of awn controlling genes An-1,OsETT2,SHL2 in rice and Lks2 in barley The B1 locus was mapped to a 125-kb physical interval harboring two genes on chromosome 5 AL.As the candidate gene for B1 locus,a C2 H2 zinc finger gene Awn Length Inhibitor 1(ALI-1) expressed predominantly in the developing spikes of awnless individuals and suppresses downstream genes transcriptionally.ALI-1 reduces cytokinin content and simultaneously restrains cytokinin signal transduction,which leads to a stagnation of cell proliferation and reduction of cell number in awn.Noteworthily,ali-1 was the first awn controlling locus observed increasing grain length in wheat,which is a valuable supplemental attribution of awn on grain weight besides photosynthesis.Thus,ALI-1 pleiotropically regulates awn and grain development,regulating the expression of ALI-1 and/or its downstream target genes would theoretically increase the AL and accordingly broaden the photosynthesis source and kernel sink simultaneously,which would provide an alternative strategy to improve wheat yield potential.

关键词： Awn Grain length GWAS Triticum aestivum L.

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Genomic surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variations in Tianjin Municipality, China 2022

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 61-69页

作者： xin Gao Ming Zou Yue Lei Zhaolin Tan Zhichao Zhuang Baolu Zheng Aiping Yu Yanzhen Han Xiaohui Lu Xiaochang Liu Ying Wang Yuan Wang Liru Guo Guangwen Liu Wen Li Yang Liu Likun Lv peiyong Ning Xiaoyan Li Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tianjin 300011China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiologyof Infectious Disease Tianjin Centers for Disease Controland PreventionTianjin 300011China

The coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has severely impacted public health.In 2022,the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly became the dominant circulating variant in the local COVID-19 outbreaks in Tianjin Municipality,China.To gain a deeper understanding of the genetic variations of the Omicron variant in Tianjin,specimens from indi-viduals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between December 2021 and November 2022 were used for virus whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 1,674 high-quality Omicron sequences were obtained,consisting of 1,339 sequences from local cases belonging to 20 Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak(PANGO)lineages and 335 sequences from imported cases belonging to 70 lineages.Tianjin experienced five waves of local outbreaks,accompanied by multiple substitutions among subvariants,ranging from the initial BA.1.1 lineage to the subsequent BA.2,BF.7,and BA.5.2 lineages.The evolutionary rate of local strains,estimated to be 28.999 substitutions per year,and the evolutionary rate of imported strains,estimated to be 24.946 substitutions per year,were lower than that of the strains circulating globally.The addi-tional substitutions and deletions of local strains have been used to identify and disrupt the virus transmission chains.The subvariants such as BA.5.2.48,BA.5.2.49,BF.7.14,and XBB.1 circulating in the fifth epidemic wave presented criterial immune escape mutations including S:R346T,S:L452R and S:F486V.It is essential to implement genomic surveillance strategies to investigate further the development of genomic mutation char-acteristics in the SARS-CoV-2 variant.This ongoing monitoring will contribute to a better understanding of the virus's genetic changes and aid in effective control measures.

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Omicron variant Whole genome sequencing(WGS)

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AtCPS V326M突变显著影响赤霉素合成

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遗传 2022年第3期44卷 245-252页

作者：赵三增孔丹宇辛培勇褚金芳万迎朗凌宏清刘毅海南大学热带作物学院海口570228 中国科学院庐山植物园江西庐山332900 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所国家植物基因研究中心(北京)中国科学院种子创新研究院北京100101 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室中国科学院种子创新研究院北京100101 中国科学院大学现代农学院北京100039

赤霉素(gibberellins,GA)是植物激素之一,调控植物生长和发育。植物体中赤霉素合成量直接影响植物的形态和生物量。在赤霉素合成途径中,柯巴基焦磷酸合酶基因(copalyl diphosphate synthase,CPS)是第一个合酶基因,该基因突变会严重影响... 详细信息

赤霉素(gibberellins,GA)是植物激素之一,调控植物生长和发育。植物体中赤霉素合成量直接影响植物的形态和生物量。在赤霉素合成途径中,柯巴基焦磷酸合酶基因(copalyl diphosphate synthase,CPS)是第一个合酶基因,该基因突变会严重影响赤霉素合成量。本研究通过对根和下胚轴缩短、晚花、丛生、矮化的拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)突变体ga1-168进行图位克隆,鉴定出AtCPS的一个等位基因AtCPS-168。该等位基因的突变位点是AtCPS基因的第2768位核苷酸,鸟嘌呤(G)突变为腺嘌呤(A),导致AtCPS蛋白萜类合酶(Terpene_synth)结构域中的第326位缬氨酸(V)突变成蛋氨酸(M)。通过等位分析确定AtCPS-168是AtCPS的等位基因。遗传互补实验显示AtCPS V326M突变导致植物丛生、矮化等发育缺陷表型。赤霉素含量测定结果证明AtCPS V326M突变导致赤霉素的合成量减少。外施赤霉素实验结果表明,外施赤霉素能恢复拟南芥突变体ga1-168赤霉素合成量降低导致的植株丛生、矮化等发育缺陷表型。因此,本研究为通过定点突变赤霉素合成酶基因的特定位点改变赤霉素含量来塑造植物理想株高和株型提供理论指导。

关键词：赤霉素 AtCPS基因根长株型株高

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