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Mechanism of Diabatic Heating on Precipitation and the Track of a Tibetan Plateau Vortex over the Eastern Slope of the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 155-172页

作者： Yuanchang DONG Guoping LI Xiaolin XIE Long YANG peiwen zhang Bo ZENG Institute of Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological Administration(CMA)/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disaster in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610072China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Meteorological Observation Data Center of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610072China Sichuan Branch of Meteorologist Training Institute CMAChengdu 610072China

Existing studies contend that latent heating(LH)will replace sensible heating(SH)to become the dominant factor affecting the development of the Tibetan Plateau vortex(TPV)after it moves off the Tibetan Plateau(TP).However,in the process of the TPV moving off the TP requires that the airmass traverse the eastern slope of the Tibetan Plateau(ESTP)where the topography and diabatic heating(DH)conditions rapidly change.How LH gradually replaces SH to become the dominant factor in the development of the TPV over the ESTP is still not very clear.In this paper,an analysis of a typical case of a TPV with a long life history over the ESTP is performed by using multi-sourced meteorological data and model simulations.The results show that SH from the TP surface can change the TPV-associated precipitation distribution by temperature advection after the TPV moves off the TP.The LH can then directly promote the development of the TPV and has a certain guiding effect on the track of the TPV.The SH can control the active area of LH by changing the falling area of the TPV-associated precipitation,so it still plays a key role in the development and tracking of the TPV even though it has moved out of the main body of the TP.

关键词： eastern slope of the Tibetan Plateau diabatic heating Tibetan Plateau vortex precipitation distribution track

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Satellite observations of coastal upwelling in the northern Arafura Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 361-376页

作者： Zheyuan YU Zhanjiu HAO Zhenhua XU peiwen zhang Jia YOU Baoshu YIN Hongwei YANG College of Mathematics and System Science Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Coastal upwelling is significant for marine ecosystems by lifting nutrient-rich deep waters into the euphotic zone,thereby increasing primary and secondary productivity.The satellite observations show that the northern Arafura Sea(NAS),especially in the coastal region,features high chlorophyll-a(chl-a)concentrations,implying a strong coastal upwelling.However,coastal upwelling in the NAS has not received much attention.Based on a semi-automatic image processing technology,the seasonal and interannual variability of coastal upwelling in the NAS are investigated in this study using satellite-observed sea surface temperature(SST)and wind data.The results suggest that there are seasonal coastal upwelling events in the NAS modulated by upwelling-favorable southeast monsoon(SEM).The annual mean days,mean area,and annual mean intensity of coastal upwelling events during the SEM season are 92 days,6514 km^(2),and-5.31×10^(5),respectively,while the corresponding values during the northwest monsoon(NWM)season are 32 days,5569 km^(2),and-1.41×10^(5).It is also found that the SEM coastal upwelling in the NAS displays prominent interannual variability.The strong upwelling events are found in 2010,2013,2016,and 2017 when the southeast monsoon winds were weaker.Further analysis suggests that at the interannual scale,the upwelling index(UI)averaged in the SEM season is negatively correlated with that of three upwelling indicators.This can be attributed to the limitation of onshore geostrophic flow which is evidenced by the negative correlation between the UI and the alongshore difference in sea surface height.This study highlights the important role of the southeast monsoon in the temporal variability of coastal upwelling in the NAS.

关键词： coastal upwelling the northern Arafura Sea southeast monsoon interannual variability

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An Innovative Deep Architecture for Flight Safety Risk Assessment Based on Time Series Data

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2549-2569页

作者： Hong Sun Fangquan Yang peiwen zhang Yang Jiao Yunxiang Zhao Civil Aviation Flight Technology and Flight Safety Research Base Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan618307China Airport Academy Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan618307China School of Economics and Management Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan618307China China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology Beijing101300China Flight Training Standards Branch Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan618307China

With the development of the integration of aviation safety and artificial intelligence,research on the combination of risk assessment and artificial intelligence is particularly important in the field of risk management,but searching for an efficient and accurate risk assessment algorithm has become a challenge for the civil aviation industry.Therefore,an improved risk assessment algorithm(PS-AE-LSTM)based on long short-term memory network(LSTM)with autoencoder(AE)is proposed for the various supervised deep learning algorithms in flight safety that cannot adequately address the problem of the quality on risk level labels.Firstly,based on the normal distribution characteristics of flight data,a probability severity(PS)model is established to enhance the quality of risk assessment labels.Secondly,autoencoder is introduced to reconstruct the flight parameter data to improve the data quality.Finally,utilizing the time-series nature of flight data,a long and short-termmemory network is used to classify the risk level and improve the accuracy of risk assessment.Thus,a risk assessment experimentwas conducted to analyze a fleet landing phase dataset using the PS-AE-LSTMalgorithm to assess the risk level associated with aircraft hard landing events.The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an accuracy of 86.45%compared with seven baseline models and has excellent risk assessment capability.

关键词： Safety engineering risk assessment time series data autoencoder LSTM

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Improvement of cloud microphysical parameterization and its advantages in simulating precipitation along the Sichuan-Xizang Railway

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 856-873页

作者： Xiaoqi XU Zhiwei HENG Yueqing LI Shunjiu WANG Jian LI Yuan WANG Jinghua CHEN peiwen zhang Chunsong LU China Meteorological Administration Transportation Meteorology Key Laboratory Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210041China Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Institute of Plateau MeteorologyCMAChengdu 610072China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The Sichuan-Xizang Railway is an important part of the railway network in China, and geological disasters, such as mountain floods and landslides, frequently occur in this region. Precipitation is an important cause of these disasters;therefore,accurate simulation of the precipitation in this region is highly important. In this study, the descriptions for uncertain processes in the cloud microphysics scheme are improved;these processes include cloud droplet activation, cloud-rain autoconversion, rain accretion by cloud droplets, and the entrainment-mixing process. In the default scheme, the cloud water content of different sizes corresponds to the same cloud droplet concentration, which is inconsistent with the actual content;this results in excessive cloud droplet size, unreasonable related conversion rates of microphysical process(such as cloud-rain autoconversion), and an overestimation of precipitation. Our new scheme overcomes the problem of excessive cloud droplet size. The processes of cloudrain autoconversion and rain accretion by cloud droplets are similar to the stochastic collection equation, and the mixing mechanism of cloud droplets is more consistent with that occurred during the actual physical process in the cloud. Based on the new and old schemes, multiple precipitation processes in the flood season of 2021 along the Sichuan-Xizang Railway are simulated, and the results are evaluated using ground observations and satellite data. Compared to the default scheme, the new scheme is more suitable for the simulation of cloud physics, reducing the simulation deviation of the liquid water path and droplet radius from 2 times to less than 1 time and significantly alleviating the overestimation of precipitation intensity and range of precipitation center. The average root-mean-square error is reduced by 22%. Our results can provide a scientific reference for improving precipitation forecasting and disaster prevention in this region.

关键词： The Sichuan-Xizang Railway Cloud microphysics Precipitation Model improvement

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Late Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic Tectonic Evolution of the SW Yangtze Block, South China: Evidence from U-Pb Geochronology and Lu-Hf Isotopes of Detrital Zircons from Sedimentary Rocks

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 812-827页

作者： peiwen Liu Xiaozhong Ding Yanxue Liu Jibiao zhang Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Xichang UniversityXichang 615000China

In situ zircon U-Pb geochronological and Lu-Hf isotope studies of detrital zircons from Late Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic sedimentary units on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block have important implications for the tectonic evolution of the Yangtze Block.The Huili Group contains zircons whose ages are mainly Late Archean to Mesoproterozoic(2650-2450,2100-1800,and 1350-1150 Ma).The Dengxiangying Group has one major age population of 1900-1600 Ma,and two subordinate age populations of 1350-1100 and 2300-2000 Ma.Yanbian Group sedimentary rocks have a zircon age population mainly in the range of 970-850 Ma,contemporaneous with the ages of widespread arc-related magmatism in the western Yangtze Block.Combining these results with previous work,the Huili and Dengxiangying groups were most likely deposited during ca.1160 to 1000 Ma in an intra-continental rift basin setting,while the Yanbian Group accumulated during>920 to 782 Ma in a back-arc basin setting at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block.In addition,all these results further suggest a tectonic transition from a continental rift basin to a convergent environment at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block at 1000-970 Ma.

关键词： Late Mesoproterozoic Early Neoproterozoic zircon U-Pb age Lu-Hf isotope southwestern Yangtze Block geochronology

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DIA-based proteome profiling with PRM verification reveals the involvement of ER-associated protein processing in pollen abortion in Ogura CMS cabbage

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 755-770页

作者： peiwen Wang Lin Zhu Ziheng Li Mozhen Cheng Xiuling Chen Aoxue Wang Chao Wang Xiaoxuan zhang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(Northeast Region) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150030China College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150030China

Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS)is extensively applied in hybrid seed production in cruciferous crops.However,the posttranscriptional molecular basis of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops remains elusive.Here,a data-independent acquisition-based proteomic approach coupled with a parallel reaction monitoring-based targeted proteomic assay was used to analyze the proteome dynamics of Ogura CMS cabbage line RM and its maintainer line RF during floral bud development to obtain insights into the mechanism underlying Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops.A total of 9162 proteins corresponding to 61464 peptides were identified in RM and RF floral buds.The proteomic fluctuation of RM was weaker than that of RF.Differences in protein expression between RM and RF gradually enlarged with floral bud development.Fifteen continually up-regulated and eight continually down-regulated proteins were found in RM relative to RF throughout floral bud development.Differentially expressed proteins between RM and RF during floral bud development were implicated in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-associated protein processing pathway,in which most of them exhibited down-regulated expression in RM.These data suggest that ER-associated protein processing may be involved in pollen abortion in Ogura CMS cabbage by inhibiting the expression of critical factors.Our findings not only deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops but also provide better guidance for applying Ogura CMS in the hybrid breeding of cruciferous crops.

关键词： Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS) Cabbage Data-independent acquisition(DIA) Parallel reaction monitoring(PRM) Pollen development

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Internal solitary wave generation by the tidal flows beneath ice keel in the Arctic Ocean

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第3期40卷 831-845页

作者： peiwen zhang Qun LI Zhenhua XU Baoshu YIN CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

A series of non-hydrostatic,non-linear numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the generation and evolution of internal solitary waves(ISWs)through the interaction of a barotropic tidal current with an ice keel in the Arctic Ocean.During the interaction process,the internal surge was generated at first,and then the wave gradually steepened due to non-linearity during its propagation away from the ice keel.The internal surge eventually disintegrated into multi-modal and rank-ordered ISW packets with the largest having an amplitude of O(10)m.Sensitivity experiments demonstrated that the ISWs’amplitudes and energy were proportional to the varying ice keel depths and barotropic tidal fl ow amplitudes,but were insensitive to the changing ice keel widths.Typical ISWs can enhance the turbulent dissipation rate of O(10^(-6))W/kg along their propagation path.Further,heat entrainment induced by the wave-ice interaction can reach O(10)MJ/m per tidal cycle.This study reveals a particular ISW generation mechanism and process in the polar ice environment,which could be important in impacting the energy transfer and heat balance in the Arctic Ocean.

关键词： internal solitary wave(ISW) barotropic tidal flow ice keel the Arctic Ocean

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Post-transcriptional regulation of grain weight and shape by the RBP-A-J-K complex in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 66-85页

作者： Ding Ren Hui Liu Xuejun Sun Fan zhang Ling Jiang Ying Wang Ning Jiang peiwen Yan Jinhao Cui Jinshui Yang Zhikang Li Pingli Lu Xiaojin Luo State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic Breeding College of AgronomyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China

RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are components of the post-transcriptional regulatory system,but their regulatory effects on complex traits remain unknown.Using an integrated strategy involving map-based cloning,functional characterizations,and transcriptomic and population genomic analyses,we revealed that RBP-K(LOC_Os08g23120),RBP-A(LOC_Os11g41890),and RBP-J(LOC_Os10g33230)encode proteins that form an RBP-A-J-K complex that negatively regulates rice yield-related traits.Examinations of the RBP-A-J-K complex indicated RBP-K functions as a relatively non-specific RBP chaperone that enables RBP-A and RBP-J to function normally.Additionally,RBP-J most likely affects GA pathways,resulting in considerable increases in grain and panicle lengths,but decreases in grain width and thickness.In contrast,RBP-A negatively regulates the expression of genes most likely involved in auxin-regulated pathways controlling cell wall elongation and carbohydrate transport,with substantial effects on the rice grain filling process as well as grain length and weight.Evolutionarily,RBP-K is relatively ancient and highly conserved,whereas RBP-J and RBP-A are more diverse.Thus,the RBP-A-J-K complex may represent a typical functional model for many RBPs and protein complexes that function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in plants and animals for increased functional consistency,efficiency,and versatility,as well as increased evolutionary potential.Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of RBP-mediated post-transcriptional regulation for the diversity of complex traits.Furthermore,rice grain yield and quality may be enhanced by introducing various complete or partial loss-of-function mutations to specific RBP genes using clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 technology and by exploiting desirable natural tri-genic allelic combinations at the loci encoding the components of the RBP-A-J-K complex through marker-assisted selection.

关键词： GL11 grain weight and shape post-transcriptional regulation RNA-binding proteins

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Motion detection for high-speed high-brightness objects based on a pulse array image sensor

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第1期23卷 113-122页

作者： peiwen zhang Jiangtao XU Huafeng NIE Zhiyuan GAO Kaiming NIE School of Microelectronics Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology Tianjin300072China

We describe a method of optical flow extraction for high-speed high-brightness targets based on a pulse array image sensor(PAIS).PAIS is a retina-like image sensor with pixels triggered by light;it can convert light into a series of pulse intervals.This method can obtain optical flow from pulse data directly by accumulating continuous pulses.The triggered points can be used to filter redundant data when the target is brighter than the background.The method takes full advantage of the rapid response of PAIS to high-brightness targets.We applied this method to extract the optical flow of high-speed turntables with different background brightness,with the sensor model and actual data,respectively.Under the sampling condition of 2×10^(4) frames/s,the optical flow could be extracted from a high-speed turntable rotating at 1000 r/min.More than 90%of redundant points could be filtered by our method.Experimental results showed that the optical flow extraction algorithm based on pulse data can extract the optical flow information of high-brightness objects efficiently without the need to reconstruct images.

关键词： Optical flow Retina-like image sensor Pulse triggered High-speed targets Vision processing

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In-materio reservoir computing based on nanowire networks:fundamental,progress,and perspective

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Materials Futures 2023年第2期2卷 79-93页

作者： Renrui Fang Woyu zhang Kuan Ren peiwen zhang Xiaoxin Xu Zhongrui Wang Dashan Shang State Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

The reservoir computing(RC)system,known for its ability to seamlessly integrate memory and computing functions,is considered as a promising solution to meet the high demands for time and energy-efficient computing in the current big data landscape,compared with traditional silicon-based computing systems that have a noticeable disadvantage of separate storage and computation.This review focuses on in-materio RC based on nanowire networks(NWs)from the perspective of materials,extending to reservoir devices and applications.The common methods used in preparing nanowires-based reservoirs,including the synthesis of nanowires and the construction of networks,are firstly systematically summarized.The physical principles of memristive and memcapacitive junctions are then explained.Afterwards,the dynamic characteristics of nanowires-based reservoirs and their computing capability,as well as the neuromorphic applications of NWs-based RC systems in recognition,classification,and forecasting tasks,are explicated in detail.Lastly,the current challenges and future opportunities facing NWs-based RC are highlighted,aiming to provide guidance for further research.

关键词： reservoir computing nanowire networks short-term memory dynamic characteristics neuromorphic computing

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