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Tsunami hazard and mitigation analysis for bathing beaches in China based on numerical simulations

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第12期41卷 27-37页

作者： Jingming Hou Wei Lu Tingting Fan peitao wang National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China

Bathing beaches are usually the first to suffer disasters when tsunamis occur,owing to their proximity to the *** large seismic fault zones are located off the coast of *** impact of each tsunami scenario on Chinese bathing beaches is *** this study,numerical models of the worst tsunami scenarios associated with seismic fault zones were considered to assess the tsunami hazard of bathing beaches in *** results show that tsunami waves from the Pacific Ocean could affect the East China Sea coast through gaps between the Ryukyu *** Zhejiang and Shanghai coasts would be threatened by a tsunami from Ryukyu Trench,and the coasts of Hainan and Guangdong provinces would be threatened by a tsunami from the Manila *** tsunami hazard associated with the Philippine Trench scenario needs particular *** to China’s offshore topography,the sequential order of tsunami arrival times to coastal provinces in several tsunami scenarios is almost the *** to the tsunami hazard analysis results,Yalongwan Beach and eight other bathing beaches are at the highest hazard level.A high-resolution numerical calculation model was established to analyze the tsunami physical characteristics for the high-risk bathing *** explore mitigating effects of a tsunami disaster,this study simulated tsunami propagation with the addition of *** experimental results show that the tsunami prevention seawalls constructed in an appropriate shallow water location have some effect on reducing tsunami *** separated by a certain distance work even *** analysis results can provide a scientific reference for subsequent preventive measures such as facility construction and evacuation.

关键词： tsunami bathing beach hazard mitigation

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Hazard analysis of tsunami disaster on the Maritime Silk Road

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第1期39卷 74-82页

作者： Jingming Hou Xiaojuan Li peitao wang Juncheng wang Zhiyuan Ren National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting State Oceanic AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The Maritime Silk Road is not only a passageway for business and trade, but also the road of friendship between eastern and western civilizations. The Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 caused major damage to several coastal countries. Tsunami occurrence regularity and hazard analysis are needed to ensure economic and cultural exchange on the Maritime Silk Road. To explore and identify tsunami hazard on the Maritime Silk Road, the spatial and temporal characteristics of historical tsunami events were given out. Some useful information hidden in historical tsunamis was searched from source parameters, such as seismic magnitude, focal depth and water depth. The tsunami possibility in the case of earthquake occurrence was also studied, exploring the probability of tsunami caused by different magnitudes. The analysis result shows that tsunamis on the Maritime Silk Road mainly occurred in 8 major tectonic faults, each of which has different tsunami occurrence regularity. On the basis of statistical analysis, a numerical model was used to simulate the potential tsunamis and show the tsunami hazard levels along the coast of Maritime Silk Road. The research results of this paper can help the tsunami early warning and ensure the safety of economic and cultural exchanges on the Maritime Silk Road.

关键词： tsunami occurrence regularity hazard Maritime Silk Road

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How did the Tonga volcanic tsunami on January 15,2022,affect Chinese coasts?

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 1038-1046页

作者： Zongchen wang Zhiguo XU Ye YUAN Huaiwei YANG Lining SUN peitao wang Tingting FAN National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources(National Tsunami Warning CenterMinistry of Natural Resources)Beijing100081China Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing100081China

At 12:15 on January 15,2022(Beijing time),a massive eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano produced violent atmospheric fluctuations,which in turn generated a global tsunami through an abrupt air pressure shock upon the sea *** main components of tsunami waves,phase-locked waves and free gravity waves,were identified by significant differences in propagating speeds across the deep *** phase-locked wave propagated through the ocean basin synchronously with the atmospheric Lamb wave at an average speed of approximately 306 m/s,followed by the free gravity wave at a slower *** locked wave reached the coast of eastern Taiwan Island at about 20:00 on January 15,in coincidence with the Lamb wave ***,on the coast of Chinese mainland,tidal gauges did not record tsunami signals until at least 2 h after the Lamb wave *** analyses and numerical experiments both suggested that as a result of the incoming wave shoaling above the vast continental shelf of Chinese mainland,the locked wave was no longer trapped by the air pressure shock and gradually transformed into freely-propagating shallow water waves by slowing down its *** to the longlasting planetary atmospheric fluctuations circling the earth many times,the sea level oscillations continuously propagated onto the Chinese shelf,which resulted in the tsunami waves excited along the Chinese coasts for at least 36 *** maximum wave amplitude recorded on the coast of eastern Taiwan Island was 44 cm at Wushi,while on the coasts of eastern and southern Chinese mainland,the maximum amplitudes were 22 cm at Shipu and 13 cm at *** and wavelet analyses were performed to identify the major components of the tsunami waves on the Chinese *** results indicated that eastern Taiwan Island was impacted mainly by the waves with periods of approximately 10-40 *** mainland was hit by the evolved shallow water waves and subsequent free waves,with pe

关键词： Volcanic tsunami Atmospheric Lamb wave Phase-locked-wave Free gravity wave Shallow water wave

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Interaction between in situ stress states and tectonic faults:A comment

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第7期30卷 1227-1243页

作者： Peng Li Meifeng Cai Mostafa Gorjian Fenhua Ren Xun Xi peitao wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Space Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines(Ministry of Education of China) University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Geological Engineering Department of EarthOcean and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Understanding the in situ stress state is crucial in many engineering problems and earth science *** present article presents new insights into the interaction mechanism between the stress state and *** situ stresses can be influenced by various factors,one of the most important being the existence of faults.A fault could significantly affect the value and direction of the stress *** and magnitude changes in stresses exist adjacent to faults and stress jumps/discontinuities across the *** contrast,the change in the stress state may lead to the transformation of faulting type and potential fault *** fault reactivation assessment using characteristic parameters under the current stress environment provides a method to assess the slip tendency of *** correlation between in situ stresses and fault properties enhances the ability to predict the fault slip tendency via stress measurements,which can be used to further refine the assessment of the fault reactivation *** the future,stress measurements at greater depths and long-term continuous real-time stress monitoring near/on key parts of faults will be *** addition,much attention needs to be paid to distinguishing the genetic mechanisms of abnormal stress states and the type and scale of stress variations and exploring the mechanisms of pre-faulting anomaly and fault reactivation.

关键词： in situ stress state stress variation fault reactivation fault properties interaction mechanism

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Development of an improved three-dimensional rough discrete fracture network model:Method and application

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2023年第12期33卷 1469-1485页

作者： peitao wang Chi Ma Bo Zhang Qi Gou Wenhui Tan Meifeng Cai Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining CHN Energy Shendong Coal Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 102201China School of Civil and Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Structure plane is one of the important factors affecting the stability and failure mode of rock mass *** mass structure characterization is the basic work of rock mechanics research and the important content of numerical simulation.A new 3-dimensional rough discrete fracture network(RDFN3D)model and its modeling method based on the Weierstrass-Mandelbrot(W-M)function were presented in this *** RDFN3D model,which improves and unifies the modelling methods for the complex structural planes,has been *** influence of fractal dimension,amplitude,and surface precision on the modeling parameters of RDFN3D was *** reasonable W-M parameters suitable for the roughness coefficient of JRC were proposed,and the relationship between the mathematical model and the joint characterization was *** RDFN3D together with the smooth 3-dimensional discrete fracture network(DFN3D)models were successfully exported to the drawing exchange format,which will provide a wide application in numerous numerical simulation codes including both the continuous and discontinuous *** numerical models were discussed using the COMSOL Multiphysics code and the 3-dimensional particle flow code,*** reliability of the RDFN3D model was preliminarily discussed and *** roughness and spatial connectivity of the fracture networks have a dominant effect on the fluid flow *** research results can provide a new geological model and analysis model for numerical simulation and engineering analysis of jointed rock mass.

关键词： Jointed rock mass Discrete fracture network Roughness Weierstrass-Mandelbrot function 3D modeling Rock mechanics

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The September 16, 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile Earthquake： characteristics of tsunami wave from near-field to far-field

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第5期36卷 73-82页

作者： REN Zhiyuan YUAN Ye wang peitao FAN Tingting wang Juncheng HOU Jingming National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center

On September 16, 2015, an earthquake with magnitude ofMw 8.3 occurred 46 km offshore from Illapel, Chile, generating a 4.4-m local tsunami measured at Coquimbo. In this study, the characteristics of tsunami are presented by a combination of analysis of observations and numerical simulation based on sources of USGS and NOAA. The records of 16 DART buoys in deep water, ten tidal gauges along coasts of near-field, and ten coastal gauges in the far-field are studied by applying Fourier analyses. The numerical simulation based on nonlinear shallow water equations and nested grids is carried out to provide overall tsunami propagation scenarios, and the results match well with the observations in deep water and but not well in coasts closed to the epicenter. Due to the short distance to the epicenter and the shelf resonance of southern Peru and Chile, the maximum amplitude ranged from 0.1 m to 2 m, except for Coquimbo. In deep water, the maximum amplitude of buoys decayed from 9.8 cm to 0.8 cm, suggesting a centimeter-scale Pacific-wide tsunami, while the governing period was 13-17 min and 32 min. Whereas in the far-field coastal region, the tsunami wave amplified to be around 0.2 m to 0.8 m, mostly as a result of run-up effect and resonance from coast reflection. Although the tsunami was relatively moderate in deep water, it still produced non-negligible tsunami hazards in local region and the coasts of farfield.

关键词： 2015 Illapel earthquake tsunami observation numerical modeling far-field near-field

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Observations and modelling of the travel time delay and leading negative phase of the 16 September 2015 Illapel,Chile tsunami

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第11期40卷 11-30页

作者： peitao wang Zhiyuan Ren Lining Sun Jingming Hou Zongchen wang Ye Yuan Fujiang Yu Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China

The systematic discrepancies in both tsunami arrival time and leading negative phase(LNP)were identified for the recent transoceanic tsunami on 16 September 2015 in Illapel,Chile by examining the wave characteristics from the tsunami records at 21 Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami(DART)sites and 29 coastal tide gauge *** results revealed systematic travel time delay of as much as 22 min(approximately 1.7%of the total travel time)relative to the simulated long waves from the 2015 Chilean *** delay discrepancy was found to increase with travel *** was difficult to identify the LNP from the near-shore observation system due to the strong background noise,but the initial negative phase feature became more obvious as the tsunami propagated away from the source area in the deep *** determined that the LNP for the Chilean tsunami had an average duration of 33 min,which was close to the dominant period of the tsunami *** of the amplitude ratios to the first elevation phase were approximately 40%,with the largest equivalent to the first positive phase *** performed numerical analyses by applying the corrected long wave model,which accounted for the effects of seawater density stratification due to compressibility,self-attraction and loading(SAL)of the earth,and wave dispersion compared with observed tsunami *** attempted to accurately calculate the arrival time and LNP,and to understand how much of a role the physical mechanism played in the discrepancies for the moderate transoceanic tsunami *** mainly focus of the study is to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each secondary physical effect to the systematic discrepancies using the corrected shallow water *** all of these effects into consideration,our results demonstrated good agreement between the observed and simulated *** can conclude that the corrected shallow water model can reduce the tsunami propagation speed and repro

关键词： 2015 Chilean tsunami travel time delay leading negative phase numerical modeling corrected long wave earth’s elasticity loading seawater density stratification Boussinesq dispersion

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Evaluation of potential hazards from teletsunami in China:Tidal observations of a teletsunami generated by the Chile 8.8 M_w earthquake

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第11期56卷 1108-1116页

作者： YU FuJiang YUAN Ye ZHAO LianDa wang peitao National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081 China

At 14:34 Beijing time on February 27,2010,an earthquake of M w 8.8 rocked the central coast of Chile.A teletsunami was triggered by the huge earthquake and then propagated across the entire Pacific in less than 24 *** initial tsunami wave arrived at the southeast coast of China at 16:20 on February 28 and was recorded in real time by a number of tidal gauges off China's Mainland and Taiwan *** teletsunami waves have never been recorded with such a broad geographical scope in China before this *** aim of the present work is to report the first description of sea-level oscillations generated by the Chile tsunami,and evaluate the potential hazards that teletsunami poses to the coast of *** results reveal that the east coast of Taiwan Province,Zhejiang Province and the north coast of Fujian Province are vulnerable to transoceanic *** addition,spectral and wavelet analysis of the recorded sea-level oscillations shows that "seiches" are easily excited by the resonance resulting from the interaction between the initial tsunami waves and local geometry (such as semi-enclosed bays and ports).The superimposition of the two oscillations would amplify the wave height further.

关键词：中国大陆 8级地震潮汐观测智利评估危险东南沿海实时记录

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Characterization on jointed rock masses based on PFC2D

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 32-38页

作者： peitao wang Tianhong YANG Qinglei YU Honglei LIU Penghai ZHANG p.o.box 138 northeastern universityshenyang 110819china

Geometrical parameters of discontinuities,such as spacing,length,dip and fault throw between joints have a great influence on the mechanical behavior of jointed rock *** characterization for discontinuities is important for investigate the stability of rock *** this paper,the PFC2D is combined with joint network generation method to examine the mechanical behaviors of jointed *** Miaogou Open-pit Mine as an example,the information and statistical distributions of discontinuities of the slope rock masses are measured by ShapeMetriX3D measuring ***,the automatic generation algorithm of random joints network based on the Monte-Carlo method is proposed using the programming language(FISH)embedded within *** algorithm could represent the discontinuities compared with the geological *** simulating the compression test of a jointed rock sample,the mechanical behavior and crack propagation were *** results reveal that the failure mode and crack propagation of the jointed rock are dominated by the distribution of joints in addition to the intact rock *** simulation result shows the feasibility of the joints generating method in application to jointed rock mass.

关键词： jointed rock masses shape metrix3D monte-carlo stochastic simulation method PFC2D

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Ala-Gln improves varicocele-induced testicular injury by increasing HSP70 and antioxidant activity in male rats

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BIOCELL 2021年第2期45卷 323-329页

作者： LEI YU ZHEN FAN HONGQIANG wang WENXIAN LI TAO JING QIANG LI SHENQIAN LI peitao wang XUJUN XUAN Center for Reproductive Medicine Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250100China Department of Andrology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao266003China Department of Ophthalmology Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Qingdao Hiser Hospital)Qingdao266034China Department of Urology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao266003China

This worked aimed to test the hypothesis that L-alanyl-L-glutamine(Ala-Gln)improves the varicocele-induced testicular injury,which causes male *** this purpose,fifty adult male Wistar rats received the varicocele(VC)surgery at the left renal *** were determined 2,4,and 8 weeks after VC(n=10/each detection).Four weeks after VC,rats received Ala-Gln(1.125 g/kg)treatment with and or saline for 1 week(n=10/each group).Rats in the sham group were also detected for biomarkers at 2,4,and 8 weeks(n=10/each detection).VC caused testicular injury detected by hematoxylin–eosin(H&E)staining,immunohistochemistry,and TUNEL ***70 mRNA was detected quantitative RT-PCR,SOD,and CAT by nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT)method and 8-OHDG by *** results showed that varicocele induced injury in the *** weight of the left testes was lower than that of the right testes in VC-bearing rats(p<0.01).The relative numbers of sustentacular and spermatogenic cells were decreased after VC(p<0.01).In sham-4 wk,VC-4wk,VC-5wk and Ala-Gln groups,the apoptosis index was 5.10±1.14,13.22±3.63,33.62±3.56 and 22.33±2.61,relative level of HSP70 mRNA 1.00±0.12,0.53±0.05,0.51±0.04 and 1.62±0.15 fold,SOD 16.4±0.23,13.4±0.17,10.01±1.06 and 19.53±2.26 U/mg protein,CAT 2.16±0.31,1.07±0.28,and 1.31±0.26 and 3.46±0.71 U/mg,8-OHDG 5.23±0.67,6.81±0.78,7.16±1.22 and 4.14±0.73 pg/μg DNA,respectively(p<0.01).Our results suggest that Ala-Gln prevented the VC-induced testicular *** have firstly reported that Ala-Gln protects against varicocele-induced testicular injuries by up-regulation of HSP70 and antioxidants,SOD and CAT,and down-regulation of oxidant 8-OHDG,resulting in reducing apoptosis in the testis.

关键词： Varicocele Ala-Gln HSP70 SOD CAT 8-OHDG

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