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Temperature-dependent regulation of seed dormancy

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Molecular Plant 2023年第3期16卷 500-502页

作者： Ying Chen Shiyong Song peisong hu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Zhejang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ResourcesCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Seed dormancy has evolved as a crucial strategy in numerous seed-plant species to enable seeds to remain quiescent until conditions are favorable for germination.Nonetheless,in regard to the domesticated plants,it is advantageous and economical to weaken seed dormancy and require seeds to germinate uniformly in order to ensure similar maturity and simplify the crop management.Cereal crops,especially rice and wheat,with decreased seed dormancy are susceptible to emerge pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)or vivipary.

关键词： dormancy crops maturity

OsbZIP01 Affects Plant Growth and Development by Regulating OsSD1 in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 77-86,I0018,I0019页

作者： DONG Xinli ZHOU Yang ZHANG Yaqi RONG Fuxi DU Jiahong HONG Zheyuan hu peisong LÜYusong College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding/China National Center for Rice Improvement China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

As the‘Green Revolution’gene,SD1(encoding GA20ox2),has been widely applied to improve yield in rice breeding.However,research on its transcriptional regulation is limited.Here,we identified a transcription factor OsbZIP01,which can suppress the expression of SD1 and regulate gibberellin(GA)biosynthesis in rice.Knockout mutants of OsbZIP01 exhibited increased plant height,while the overexpression lines showed a semi-dwarf phenotype and diminished germination rate.Furthermore,the semi-dwarf phenotype of OE-bZIP01,was caused by the reduced internode length,which was accompanied by a thin stem width.The predominant expression of OsbZIP01 was observed in leaves and sheaths.OsbZIP01 protein was localized in the nucleus and showed transcriptional repression activity.In addition,OsbZIP01 could directly bind to the promoter of the OsSD1 gene,and inhibit its transcription.The semi-dwarf phenotype of OE-bZIP01 could be rescued by exogenous GA_(3).Meanwhile,the bzip01 sd1 double mutant showed a shorter shoot length compared with the wild type,indicating that OsbZIP01 regulated plant growth mainly through the GA biosynthesis pathway.Collectively,OsbZIP01 negatively regulates GA biosynthesis by restraining SD1 transcription,thereby affecting plant growth and development.

关键词： OsbZIP01 SD1 gibberellin biosynthesis dwarf and germination

Impact of transparent exopolymer particles on the dynamics of dissolved organic carbon in the Amundsen Sea,Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 123-131页

作者： hu Ji XUE Siyou ZHAO Jun LI Dong ZHANG Haifeng YU peisong ZHANG Cai YANG Xufeng PAN Jianming Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The Southern Ocean is an important carbon sink pool and plays a critical role in the global carbon cycling.The Amundsen Sea was reported to be highly productive in inshore area in the Southern Ocean.In order to investigate the influence of transparent exopolymer particles(TEP)on the behavior of dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in this region,a comprehensive study was conducted,encompassing both open water areas and highly productive polynyas.It was found that microbial heterotrophic metabolism is the primary process responsible for the production of humic-like fluorescent components in the open ocean.The relationship between apparent oxygen utilization and the two humic-like components can be accurately described by a power-law function,with a conversion rate consistent with that observed globally.The presence of TEP was found to have little impact on this process.Additionally,the study revealed the accumulation of DOC at the sea surface in the Amundsen Sea Polynya,suggesting that TEP may play a critical role in this phenomenon.These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics and surface accumulation of DOC in the Amundsen Sea Polynya,and provide valuable insights into the carbon cycle in this region.

关键词： dissolved organic matter chromophoric dissolved organic matter excitation-emission matrix coupled with parallel factor analysis transparent exopolymer particles Amundsen Sea Antarctica

Alanine aminotransferase(OsAlaAT1)modulates nitrogen utilization,grain yield,and quality in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 510-513页

作者： Liangbing Fang Liuyang Ma Shaolu Zhao Ruijie Cao Guiai Jiao peisong hu Xiangjin Wei State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouZhejiang 310006China

Widespread use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers has increased yields of many grains, including rice (Oryza sativa L.);however, fertilizers are costly for farmers and cause serious environmental problems, such as soil acidification and water eutrophication (Guo et al., 2010, 2021;Liu et al., 2021). Improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) in rice offers a practical way to enhance grain yield and alleviate the environmental problems caused by overuse of nitrogen fertilizer. Identifying and characterizing genes involved in NUE provides crucial information for this aim.

关键词： soil grain fertilizers

The OsNAC23-Tre6P-SnRK1 a feed-forward loop regulates sugar homeostasis and grain yield in rice

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 706-722页

作者： Zhiyong Li Xiangjin Wei Xiaohong Tong Juan Zhao Xixi Liu huimei Wang Liqun Tang Yazhou Shu Guanghao Li Yifeng Wang Jiezheng Ying Guiai Jiao Honghong hu peisong hu Jian Zhang State Key Lab of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Tre6P(trehalose-6-phosphate)mediates sensing of carbon availability to maintain sugar homeostasis in plants,which underpins crop yield and resilience.However,how Tre6P responds to fluctuations in sugar levels and regulates the utilization of sugars for growth remains to be addressed.Here,we report that the sugar-inducible rice NAC transcription factor OsNAC23 directly represses the transcription of the Tre6P phosphatase gene TPP1 to simultaneously elevate Tre6P and repress trehalose levels,thus facilitating carbon partitioning from source to sink organs.Meanwhile,OsNAC23 and Tre6P suppress the transcription and enzyme activity of SnRK1a,a low-carbon sensor and antagonist of OsNAC23,to prevent the SnRK1a-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of OsNAC23.Thus,OsNAC23,Tre6P,and SnRK1a form a feed-forward loop to sense sugar and maintain sugar homeostasis by transporting sugars to sink organs.Importantly,plants over-expressing OsNAC23 exhibited an elevated photosynthetic rate,sugar transport,and sink organ size,which consistently increased rice yields by 13%–17%in three elite-variety backgrounds and two locations,suggesting that manipulation of OsNAC23 expression has great potential for rice improvement.Collectively,these findings enhance our understanding of Tre6P-mediated sugar signaling and homeostasis,and provide a new strategy for genetic improvement of rice and possibly also other crops.

关键词： Tre6P sugar homeostasis carbon partitioning NAC transcription factor grain yield rice

Targeted mutagenesis of POLYAMINE OXIDASE 5 that negatively regulates mesocotyl elongation enables the generation of direct-seeding rice with improved grain yield

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Molecular Plant 2021年第2期14卷 344-351页

作者： Yusong Lv Gaoneng Shao Guiai Jiao Zhonghua Sheng Lihong Xie Shikai hu Shaoqing Tang Xiangjin Wei peisong hu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Under conditions of labor or resource scarcity,direct seeding,rather than transplantation,is the preferred mode of rice(Oryza sativa)cultivation.This approach requires varieties that exhibit uniform seedling emergence.Mesocotyl elongation(ME),the main driver of rapid emergence of rice seedlings from soil,is enhanced by darkness and inhibited by light.Plant polyamine oxidases(PAOs)oxidize polyamines(PAs)and release H2O2,Here,we established that OsPAO5 expression in rice seedlings is increased in the presence of light and inhibited by darkness.To determine its role in ME,we created OsPAO5 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9.Compared with the wild type,pao5 mutants had longer mesocotyls,released less H2O2,and synthesized more ethylene.The mutant seedlings emerged at a higher and more uniform rate,indicating their potential for use in direct seeding.Nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed that an SNP(PAO5-578G/A)located 578 bp upstream of the OsPAO5 start codon alters its expression,and was selected during rice mesocotyl domestication.The PAO5-578G genotype conferring a long mesocotyl mainly exists in wild rice,most Aus accessions,and some Geng(Japonica)accessions.Intriguingly,knocking out OsPAO5 can remarkably increase the grain weight,grain number,and yield potential.In summary,we developed a novel strategy to obtain elite rice with higher emergence vigor and yield potential,which can be conveniently and widely used to breed varieties of direct-seeding rice.

关键词： Oryza sativa direct seeding mesocotyl elongation grain yield polyamine oxidase 5

CDE4 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein involved in chloroplast RNA splicing and affects chloroplast development under low-temperature conditions in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第10期63卷 1724-1739页

作者： Xinyong Liu Xichun Zhang Ruijie Cao Guiai Jiao Shikai hu Gaoneng Shao Zhonghua Sheng Lihong Xie Shaoqing Tang Xiangjin Wei peisong hu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Guizhou Rice Research Institute Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006China

Pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR)proteins play important roles in the post-transcriptional modification of organellar RNAs in plants.However,the function of most PPR proteins remains unknown.Here,we characterized the rice(Oryza sativa L.)chlorophyll deficient 4(cde4)mutant which exhibits an albino phenotype during early leaf development,with decreased chlorophyll contents and abnormal chloroplasts at low-temperature(20℃).Positional cloning revealed that CDE4 encodes a P-type PPR protein localized in chloroplasts.In the cde4 mutant,plastid-encoded polymerase(PEP)-dependent transcript levels were significantly reduced,but transcript levels of nuclear-encoded genes were increased compared to wild-type plants at 20℃.CDE4 directly binds to the transcripts of the chloroplast genes rpl2,ndhA,and ndhB.Intron splicing of these transcripts was defective in the cde4 mutant at 20℃,but was normal at 32℃.Moreover,CDE4 interacts with the guanylate kinase VIRESCENT 2(V2);overexpression of V2 enhanced CDE4 protein stability,thereby rescuing the cde4 phenotype at 20℃.Our results suggest that CDE4 participates in plastid RNA splicing and plays an important role in rice chloroplast development under lowtemperature conditions.

关键词： CDE4 chloroplast development pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR)protein RNA splicing low-temperature Oryza sativa L.

GBSS-BINDING PROTEIN,encoding a CBM48 domain-containing protein,affects rice quality and yield^∞

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第7期62卷 948-966页

作者： Wei Wang Xiangjin Wei Guiai Jiao Wenqiang Chen Yawen Wu Zhonghua Sheng Shikai hu Lihong Xie Jiayu Wang Shaoqing Tang peisong hu Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

The percentage of amylose in the endosperm of rice(Oryza sativa)largely determines grain cooking and eating qualities.Granule-bound starch synthase I(GBSSI)and GBSSII are responsible for amylose biosynthesis in the endosperm and leaf,respectively.Here,we identified OsGBP,a rice GBSS-binding protein that interacted with GBSSI and GBSSII in vitro and in vivo.The total starch and amylose contents in osgbp mutants were significantly lower than those of wild type in leaves and grains,resulting in reduced grain weight and quality.The carbohydrate-binding module 48(CBM48)domain present in the C-terminus of OsGBP is crucial for OsGBP binding to starch.In the osgbp mutant,the extent of GBSSI and GBSSII binding to starch in the leaf and endospermwas significantly lower than wild type.Our data suggest that OsGBP plays an important role in leaf and endosperm starch biosynthesis by mediating the binding of GBSS proteins to developing starch granules.This elucidation of the function of OsGBP enhances our understanding of the molecular basis of starch biosyn-thesis in rice and contributes information that can be potentially used for the genetic improvement of yield and grain quality.

关键词： sativa starch cooking

An epiallele of rice AK1 affects photosynthetic capacity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第3期59卷 158-163页

作者： Xiangjin Wei Xianwei Song Liya Wei Shaoqing Tang Jing Sun peisong hu Xiaofeng Cao State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of AgricultureChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding O71OO2China

Summary Epigenetic gene variants, termed epialleles, can broaden genetic and phenotypic diversity in eukaryotes. Here, we identify a natural epiallele of OsAK1, which encodes a rice adenylate kinase. The Epiak1 plants... 详细信息

关键词： gene Figure AK An epiallele of rice AK1 affects photosynthetic capacity