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Paleogene transgression process and environmental evolution in the deepwater area of the Baiyun Depression in the northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 15-24页

作者： peijun qiao Yuchi Cui Qiong Ma Qiang Yu Lei Shao State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China CNOOC Energy Technology&Services-Drilling&Production Co. CNOOC Central Laboratory Shenzhen BranchGuangdong 516000China

Multiple borehole samples are collected from the Baiyun Depression in deep-water area of the northern South China Sea(SCS)in an effort to reconstruct transgression processes during the Paleogene based on palynalgal *** study indicates that the Baiyun Depression generated a large group of palynopore assemblages and fluvial/lacustrine-related algae during the early and middle Eocene when the Wenchang Formation was *** entire depression was dominated by fluvial and lacustrine facies before *** eastern and southeastern sags transitioned to shallow marine environment by generating a large abundance of marine dinoflagellates during the Enping deposition of the late ***,the southern uplift zone simply yielded fluvial/lacustrine-related palynopores and algae,and was dominated by the fluvial and lacustrine environment during the early stage of the Enping Formation,prior to shifting into transitional setting in the later *** sags remained extensive fluvial and delta facies without existence of marine *** was until the depositional stage of the Zhuhai Formation(Oligocene)that the overall depression was strongly impacted from transgression *** eastern and southeastern sags were mainly under deep marine setting on a continental slope while northwestern and southern areas developed transitional *** distribution and accumulation patterns varied greatly among sub-sags,the overall Baiyun Depression was characterized by widespread development of marine *** should be noted that the northwestern sag also partly generated large-scale river delta *** to the eustatic rise and change of SCS spreading axis,the overall Baiyun Depression was mostly influenced by the deep marine environment on a continental slope during the early *** northwestern sag and southern uplift zone were found plentiful marine *** summary,transgression initiated from the ea

关键词： South China Sea Paleogene transgression sedimentary environment plant ecology

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植物生态学方法在沉积环境恢复中的应用:以南海北部白云凹陷为例

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古地理学报 2024年第2期26卷 341-353页

作者：马琼乔培军于强邵磊同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室上海200092 中海石油实验中心深圳实验中心广东惠州516000

新生代早期是南海北部古地理发生巨变的时期,沉积环境经历了从陆到海的转变,通过植物生态学方法准确揭示这一过程发生的时间及过程,对本地区古地理的恢复具有重要意义。本研究选取南海北部深水区白云凹陷代表性钻井样品,通过孢粉藻类分... 详细信息

新生代早期是南海北部古地理发生巨变的时期,沉积环境经历了从陆到海的转变,通过植物生态学方法准确揭示这一过程发生的时间及过程,对本地区古地理的恢复具有重要意义。本研究选取南海北部深水区白云凹陷代表性钻井样品,通过孢粉藻类分析,揭示古近纪海侵过程。研究表明:早中始新世文昌组沉积时期,白云凹陷为未受海侵影响的河湖相环境;晚始新世恩平组沉积时期,凹陷东部和东南部为浅海相环境,海相沟鞭藻大量出现,凹陷南部隆起带早期为河湖相环境,晚期变为海陆过渡相环境,凹陷西北部为大型河流三角洲相环境;渐新世珠海组沉积时期,凹陷东部和东南部以陆坡深水环境为主,凹陷西北部及南部为海陆过渡相,西北部发育大型河流三角洲;早中新世,由于全球海平面上升及南海扩张轴发生转向,整个白云凹陷大部分地区处于陆坡深海环境。综上,海侵最早发生在白云凹陷的东部和东南部,呈由东向西的推进,西部海侵发生时间最晚,这一过程与南海洋壳从东向西逐步打开完全一致。

关键词：南海古近纪海侵过程沉积环境植物生态学

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南海北部深水区古近系沉积物源演变及古地理意义

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古地理学报 2024年第2期26卷 296-307页

作者：向绪洪张丽丽鲁毅乔培军陈淑慧吴梦霜马琼邵磊中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司广东深圳518054 中海石油深海开发有限公司广东深圳518054 同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室上海200092

南海北部深水区古近纪经历了由陆到海的环境转换过程,沉积物源也随时间发生明显改变。由于水深的限制,目前对深水区的沉积物来源及古地理背景存在争议。通过碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱系源汇对比方法,对南海北部珠二坳陷古近系沉积物来源进行... 详细信息

南海北部深水区古近纪经历了由陆到海的环境转换过程,沉积物源也随时间发生明显改变。由于水深的限制,目前对深水区的沉积物来源及古地理背景存在争议。通过碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱系源汇对比方法,对南海北部珠二坳陷古近系沉积物来源进行系统研究。结果发现,在早中始新世,珠二坳陷沉积物以近源输入为特征,沉积物主要来自坳陷周缘的局部隆起区;晚始新世,源自坳陷西侧的昆莺琼古河为盆地提供大量沉积物,坳陷北侧的珠江沉积物对珠二坳陷影响较小;渐新世,珠江沉积物从北向南越过番禺低隆起进入珠二坳陷,与昆莺琼古河沉积物在白云凹陷北部和中西部混合沉积,形成大型河流三角洲体系。南海北部深水区古近系物源演变过程明显受中生代末区域构造古地理控制,查明该时期物源演变对恢复区域古地理格局具有重要意义。

关键词：南海珠二坳陷古近纪物源古地理

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Late Eocene–early Miocene provenance evolution of the Crocker Fan in the southern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第3期42卷 215-226页

作者： Yuchi Cui Lei Shao Wu Tang peijun qiao Goh Thian Lai Yongjian Yao State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987Australia China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600SelangorMalaysia Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China

There are many large-scale Cenozoic sedimentary basins with plentiful river deltas,deep-water fans and carbonate platforms in the southern South China *** Crocker Fan was deposited as a typical submarine fan during the late Eocene–early Miocene,and stretches extensively across the entire Sarawak–Sabah of the northern Borneo ***,systematic analyses are still lacking regarding its sediment composition and potential source *** consensus has been reached yet on the provenance evolution and sedimentary infilling processes,which seriously impeded the oil-and-gas exploration *** combining with sedimentaryfacies identification,heavy mineral assemblages,elemental geochemistry and detrital zircon U-Pb dating,this paper aims to generalize an integrated analysis on the potential provenance terranes and restore source-to-sink pathways of the Crocker *** general,the Crocker Fan was initially formed over the Cretaceous–lower/middle Eocene Rajang Group by an angular Rajang *** continual southward subduction of the protoSouth China Sea resulted in magmatic activities and subsequent regional deformation and thrusting along the Lupar Line in the northern *** lowermost Crocker sequence is featured by a thick conglomerate layer sourced from in-situ or adjacent *** the late Eocene to the early Miocene,the Crocker Fan was constantly delivered with voluminous detritus from the Malay Peninsula of the western *** Zengmu Basin was widely deposited with delta plain and neritic facies sediments,while the Brunei-Sabah Basin,to the farther east,was ubiquitously characterized by turbiditic *** Crocker Fan successions are overall thick layers of modest-grained sandstones,which formed high-quality reservoirs in the southern South China Sea region.

关键词： source-to-sink analysis zircon U-Pb age submarine fan Malay Peninsula southern South China Sea

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New interpretation on the provenance changes of the upper Pinghu–lower Huagang Formation within Xihu Depression,East China Sea Shelf Basin

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第3期42卷 89-100页

作者： Jinshui Liu Shuai Li Kaifei Liao Yuchi Cui Lei Shao peijun qiao Yi Lu Yuanli Hou Thian Lai Goh Yongjian Yao Shanghai Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200030China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987Australia Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China

Both Pinghu and Huagang formations are important hydrocarbon reservoirs of the Xihu Depression in the East China Sea Shelf *** the source suppliers and restoring source-to-sink transport routes are of great significance to the future petroleum and gas *** researchers were largely confined by either limitation of geological records,highly dependence on a singular method or low-precision dating *** study integrated heavy mineral assemblages,geochemical analyses and detrital zircon U-Pb dating to reconstruct multiple source-to-sink pathways,and to provide a better understanding on the provenance evolution for the upper Pinghu–lower Huagang depositions of the Xihu *** least three major provenances have been confirmed and systematically investigated for their separate compositional *** Hupijiao Uplift(or even farther northern area)was dominated by a major Paleoproterozoic population peaked at ca.1830 Ma along with minor Mesozoic *** Haijiao Uplift to the west and the Yushan Low Uplift to the southwest,on the other hand,generate opposite U-Pb age spectra with apparently larger peaks of Indosinian and Yanshanian-aged *** be noted,both Indosinian and Paleoproterozoic peaks are almost identical in proportion for the Haijiao *** overall sedimentary pattern of late Eocene-early Oligocene was featured by both spatial and temporal *** Hupijiao Uplift was likely to cast limited impact during the late Eocene,whereas the broad southern Xihu Depression was transported by a large abundance of materials from the nearby Haijiao and Yushan Low *** northern source substantially extended its influence to the farther south during the early Oligocene by delivering plentiful sediments of higher-degree metamorphic parent *** with the proximal western and southwestern suppliers,the overall Xihu Depression was under control from both distant and local provenances.

关键词： Xihu Depression East China Sea Shelf Basin detrital zircon U-Pb ages Pinghu–Huagang Formation provenance

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Early Cenozoic paleontological assemblages and provenance evolution of the Lishui Sag,East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第3期42卷 113-122页

作者： Yingzhao Zhang Yiming Jiang Zhenghua Liu Shuai Li Ning Li Jinshui Liu peijun qiao Kai Zhong Shuhui Chen Thian Lai Goh Shanghai Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200335China Shanghai Natural History Museum(Branch of Shanghai Science&Technology Museum) Shanghai 200041China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(CNOOC)Co. Ltd.Shenzheng 518000China Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangi 43600SelangorMalaysia

The East China Sea Shelf Basin generated a series of back-arc basins with thick successions of marine-and terrestrial-facies sediments during *** is enriched with abundant oil and gas resources and is of great significance to the petroleum exploration ***,the Lishui Sag formed fan delta,fluvial delta and littoral-to-neritic facies sediments during Paleocene–Eocene,and the research on its sedimentary environment and sediment source was *** study analyzed the paleontological combination characteristics,and conducted a source-to-sink comparative analysis to restore the sedimentary environment and provenance evolution of the Lishui Sag during Paleocene–Eocene based on the integration of detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra patterns with paleontological *** results indicated that Lishui Sag was dominated by littoral and neritic-facies environment during time corroborated by large abundance of foraminifera,calcareous nannofossils and *** analysis of detrital zircon U-Pb revealed that there were significant differences in sediment sources between the east and west area of the Lishui *** western area was featured by deeper water depths in the Paleocene–Eocene,and the sediment was characterized by a single Yanshanian peak of zircon U-Pb age spectra,and mainly influenced from Yanshanian magmatic rocks of South China Coast and the surrounding ***,its eastern area partly showed Indosinian *** particular,the upper Eocene Wenzhou sediments were featured by increasingly plentiful Precambrian zircons in addition to the large Indosinian-Yanshanian peaks,indicating a possible impact from the Yushan Low Uplift to the ***,it is likely that the eastern Lishui Sag generated large river systems as well as deltas during *** to the Yuquan Movement,the Lishui Sag experienced uplifting and exhumation in the late stage of the late Eocene and was not deposited with sediment

关键词： East China Sea Lishui Sag paleontological assemblages sedimentary provenance hydrocarbon exploration

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Cenozoic Sea-land Transition and its Petroleum Geological Significance in the Northern South China Sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第1期95卷 41-54页

作者： ZHAO Zhigang ZHANG Hao CUI Yuchi TANG Wu qiao peijun CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The process of Cenozoic sea-land changes in the northern South China Sea(SCS)controlled the sedimentary filling pattern and played an important role in the petroleum geological characteristics of the northern marginal sedimentary *** the control of the opening process of the SCS,the northern SCS Cenozoic transgression generally showed the characteristics of early in the east and late in the west,and early in the south and late in the *** initial transgression occurred in the Eocene in the Taixinan Basin(TXNB)of the eastern SCS,while the transgression occurred until the Pliocene in the Yinggehai Basin(YGHB)of the western *** Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)expeditions(Expeditions 367/368)revealed that the initial transgression of the SCS basin occurred at approximately 34 Ma,which was the initial opening time of the *** period of drastic changes in the sedimentary environment caused by large-scale transgression corresponded to the opening time of the southwestern subbasin(approximately 23 Ma),which also represented the peak of the spreading of the *** sea-land transition process controls the distribution of alternating continent-marine facies,marine facies source rocks and reservoirs in the *** marine facies source rocks of the basins in the northern SCS have a trend of gradually becoming younger from east to west,which is consistent with the regional process of gradual transgression from east to *** sea-level changes were comprehensively influenced by SCS opening and global sea-level *** processes led to the early development in the east and south and late development in the west and north for the carbonate platform in the *** platforms form another type of"selfgenerating and self-accumulating"oil-gas reservoir in the northern *** sea-land transition controlled the depositional filling patterns of different basins and laid the foundation of marine deposits for oil and gas *** source

关键词： marine stratum sea-level changes sea-land transition oil and gas resources northern South China Sea

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Evolution of the Pearl River and its Implication for East Asian Continental Landscape Reversion

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第1期95卷 66-76页

作者： ZHANG Hao CUI Yuchi qiao peijun ZHAO Meng XIANG Xuhong State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Earth Dynamics Research Group the Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987Australia Tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Tianjin 300459China Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd. Shenzhen 518054China

As the link connecting the South China Continent and the northern South China Sea(SCS),the Pearl River is the focus of sedimentology and petroleum geology *** evolutionary process and controlling factors are of great significance in revealing the East Asian continental landscape reorganization during the Late *** on published data,’source-to-sink’provenance analyses allow systematic deliberation on the birth and evolutionary history of the Pearl *** to the Oligocene/Miocene boundary,an abrupt shift in the sedimentary composition indicates significant westward and northward expansion of the river’s watershed area,followed by the establishment of a near-modern fluvial *** sedimentary change generally concurred with a series of regional geological events,including the onset of the Yangtze throughflow,large-scale development of the loess plateau,and formation of the northwestern arid zone and Asian Monsoon *** major changes in the geology-climate-ecoenvironment system are in close response to the process of the Cenozoic Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau ***,the East Asian continental landscape and most of midCenozoic drainage systems underwent critical reversion into east-tilting,or east-flowing networks.

关键词： Oligocene–Miocene landscape reversion source to sink provenance analyses East Asian continental landforms Pearl River South China

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Seasonal variations in planktonic foraminiferal flux and the chemical properties of their shells in the southern South China Sea

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第8期53卷 1176-1187页

作者： Sui Wan ZhiMin Jian XinRong Cheng peijun qiao RuJian Wang Tongji Univ State Key Lab Marine Geol Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Results from sediment trap experiments conducted in the southern South China Sea from May 2004 to March 2006 revealed significant monsoon-induced seasonal variations in flux and shell geochemistry of planktonic foraminifera. The total and species-specific fluxes showed bimodal pattern, such as those of Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerinoides sacculifer, Neoglobo-quadrina dutertrei, Globigerinita glutinata, and Globigerina bulloides. Their high values occurred in the prevailing periods of the northeast and southwest monsoons, and the low ones appeared between the monsoons. Pulleniatina obliquiloculata had high flux rates mainly during northeast monsoon, with exceptional appearance in August 2004. These fluxes changed largely in accord with those of total particle matter and organic carbon, following chlorophyll concentration and wind force. It is inferred that the biogenic particle fluxes are controlled essentially by primary productivity under the influence of East Asian monsoon in the southern SCS. Shell stable oxygen isotope and Mg/Ca data correspond with seasonal variation of sea surface temperature. Shell δ18O values are affected primarily by sea water temperature, and the δ18O changes of different-depth dwelling species indicate upper sea water temperature gradient. Besides, the low carbon isotope values occurred in the periods of East Asian monsoon in general, whereas the high ones between the monsoons. The pattern is in contrary to chlorophyll concentration change, which indicates that the variation of the carbon isotope could probably reflect the change of sea surface productivity.

关键词： sediment trap planktonic foraminifera oxygen and carbon isotope Mg/Ca ratio seasonal change East Asian monsoon southern South China Sea

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The B/Ca and Cd/Ca of a subsurface-dwelling foraminifera Pulleniatina obliquiloculata in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean: implications for the subsurface carbonate chemistry estimation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第3期38卷 138-150页

作者： Haowen Dang Tingting Wang peijun qiao Franck Bassinot Zhimin Jian State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay

Pulleniatina obliquiloculata shells from 16 core-top samples from the tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans are analyzed for the ratios of boron and cadmium to calcium(B/Ca and Cd/Ca). The B/Ca ratios show a very weak positive relationship with [B(OH)_4^-] and the dissolved carbonate species at the apparent calcification depth of ***. The boron partition coefficients(K_D) between P. obliquiloculata B/Ca and seawater[B(OH)_4^-]/[HCO_3^-] distribute around 1.1×10^(-3)-1.3×10^(-3) with a mean value of(1.19±0.12)×10^(-3),and are significantly related to the nutrient concentration, especially phosphate. The lack of any clear correlation between the P. obliquiloculata B/Ca and seawater carbonate chemical parameters suggests that the physiochemical controls on boron incorporation are masked by the complexity of natural seawater condition. But the significant dependence of Ku on nutrient may likely be explained by a nutrient related growth-rate effect. Cd/Ca of *** shows significant correlation with seawater phosphate concentration, and its partition coefficients(D_(cd)) are significantly related to temperature. A first-principle methodology of P. obliquiloculata B/Ca is applied;with the aid of Cd/Ca as a phosphate proxy and a constraint on K_D, to estimating sea water carbonate chemistry(e.g., pH). The results are fairly promising and allow us to propose the possibility to apply the combination of B/Ca and Cd/Ca proxies(and also Mg/Ca and δ^(18)O for estimating temperature and salinity) for the paleoreconstruction of seawater carbonate chemistry.

关键词： Pulleniatina obliquiloculata B/Ca Cd/Ca paleo-pH estimation

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