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Blockchain-Based MCS Detection Framework of Abnormal Spectrum Usage for Satellite Spectrum Sharing Scenario

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 32-48页

作者： Ning yang Heng Wang Jingming hu Bangning Zhang Daoxing Guo Yuan Liu College of Communications Engineering Army Engineering UniversityNanjing 210007China

In this paper, the problem of abnormal spectrum usage between satellite spectrum sharing systems is investigated to support multi-satellite spectrum coexistence. Given the cost of monitoring, the mobility of low-orbit satellites, and the directional nature of their signals, traditional monitoring methods are no longer suitable, especially in the case of multiple power level. Mobile crowdsensing(MCS), as a new technology, can make full use of idle resources to complete a variety of perceptual tasks. However, traditional MCS heavily relies on a centralized server and is vulnerable to single point of failure attacks. Therefore, we replace the original centralized server with a blockchain-based distributed service provider to enable its security. Therefore, in this work, we propose a blockchain-based MCS framework, in which we explain in detail how this framework can achieve abnormal frequency behavior monitoring in an inter-satellite spectrum sharing system. Then, under certain false alarm probability, we propose an abnormal spectrum detection algorithm based on mixed hypothesis test to maximize detection probability in single power level and multiple power level scenarios, respectively. Finally, a Bad out of Good(BooG) detector is proposed to ease the computational pressure on the blockchain nodes. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

关键词： blockchain hypothesis test mobile crowdsensing satellite communication spectrum sharing

Precisely Control Relationship between Sulfur Vacancy and H Absorption for Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 14-24页

作者： Jing Jin Xinyao Wang yang hu Zhuang Zhang Hongbo Liu Jie Yin Pinxian Xi College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Rare IsotopesState Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China

Ef fective and robust catalyst is the core of water splitting to produce ***, we report an anionic etching method to tailor the sulfur vacancy(VS) of NiS_(2) to further enhance the electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). With the VS concentration change from 2.4% to 8.5%, the H* adsorption strength on S sites changed and NiS_(2)-VS 5.9% shows the most optimized H* adsorption for HER with an ultralow onset potential(68 m V) and has long-term stability for 100 h in 1 M KOH media. In situ attenuated-total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIRS) measurements are usually used to monitor the adsorption of intermediates. The S-H* peak of the Ni S_(2)-VS 5.9% appears at a very low voltage, which is favorable for the HER in alkaline media. Density functional theory calculations also demonstrate the Ni S_(2)-VS 5.9% has the optimal |ΔG^(H*)| of 0.17 e V. This work offers a simple and promising pathway to enhance catalytic activity via precise vacancies strategy.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction S vacancies Nanosheet H Adsorption

Microstructure recognition of steels by machine learning based on visual attention mechanism

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 909-923页

作者： Xing-yu Chen Lin Cheng Cheng-yang hu Yu-peng Zhang Kai-ming Wu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science on Metallurgical ProcessingInternational Research Institute for Steel TechnologyCollaborative Center on Advanced SteelsWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Metals Valley and Band(Foshan)Metallic Composite Materials Co. Ltd.Foshan 528000GuangdongChina

U-Net has achieved good performance with the small-scale datasets through skip connections to merge the features of the low-level layers and high-level layers and has been widely utilized in biomedical image segmentation as well as recent microstructure image segregation of the *** representative visual attention mechanism modules,named as squeeze-and-excitation networks,convolutional block attention module,and extended calibration algorithm,were intro-duced into the traditional U-Net architecture to further improve the prediction *** is found that compared with the original U-Net architecture,the evaluation index of the improved U-Net architecture has been significantly improved for the microstructure segmentation of the steels with the ferrite/martensite composite microstructure and pearlite/ferrite composite microstructure and the complex martensite/austenite island/bainite microstructure,which demonstrates the advantages of the utilization of the visual attention mechanism in the microstructure *** reasons for the accuracy improvement were discussed based on the feature maps analysis.

关键词： Microstructure recognition-Steel Machine learning Visual attention mechanism Visualization

Ultra reliability and massive connectivity provision in integrated internet of military things(IoMT)based on tactical datalink

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 386-398页

作者： Li Bing Yating Gu Lanke hu Li Bowen yang Lihua Jue Wang Yue Yin Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072China China Academy of Information and Communications Technology Beijing 100191China China Intelligent and Connected Vehicles(Beijing)Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing 100176China The 20th Research Institute of China Electronic Technology Group Corporation Xi’an 710068China Xidian University Xi'an 710071China

One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things(IoMT)is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service(QoS)in terms of ultra-high *** this regard,this paper presents a class of code-domain nonorthogonal multiple accesses(NOMAs)for uplink ultra reliable networking of massive IoMT based on tactical datalink such as Link-16 and joint tactical information distribution system(JTIDS).In the considered scenario,a satellite equipped with Nr antennas servers K devices including vehicles,drones,ships,sensors,handset radios,*** coded modulation,a special form of multiple input multiple output(MIMO)-NOMA is *** discussion starts with evaluating the output signal to interference-plus-noise(SINR)of receiver filter,leading to the unveiling of a closed-form expression for overloading systems as the number of users is significantly larger than the number of devices admitted such that massive connectivity is *** expression allows for the development of simple yet successful interference suppression based on power allocation and phase shaping techniques that maximizes the sum rate since it is equivalent to fixed-point programming as can be *** proposed design is exemplified by nonlinear modulation schemes such as minimum shift keying(MSK)and Gaussian MSK(GMSK),two pivotal modulation formats in IoMT standards such as Link-16 and *** results show that near capacity performance is ***,the performance is obtained using simple forward error corrections(FECs)of higher coding rate than existing schemes do,while the transmit power is reduced by 6 *** proposed design finds wide applications not only in IoMT but also in deep space communications,where ultra reliability and massive connectivity is a keen concern.

关键词： Satellite network Deep space communications Internet of military things Non-orthogonal multiple access MIMO Link-16 JITDS

Aircraft Observation and Simulation of the Supercooled Liquid Water Layer in a Warm Conveyor Belt over North China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 529-544页

作者： Jiefan yang Fei YAN Hengchi LEI Shuo JIA Xiaobo DONG Xiangfeng hu Key Laboratory of Cloud Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Weather modification office of Hebei Province Hebei Meteorology AdministrationShijiazhuang 050000China

This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft *** the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics *** conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water ***,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in huJI fast bin *** reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.

关键词： warm conveyor belt Microphysical properties supercooled liquid water microphysics schemes

Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1506-1564页

作者： Ankang hu Li Sun Hao Lin Yuheng Liao hui yang Ying Mao Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Institute for Translational Brain Research Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University ShanghaiPR.China National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityHuashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)and Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine(Ministry of Education)and Molecular and Cell Biology LabInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China

The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer *** pathway is ubiquitous across various cell types,not only in innate immune cells but also in adaptive immune cells,tumor cells,and stromal *** targeting the innate immune pathway have shown profound changes in the tumor microenvironment(TME)and improved tumor prognosis in preclinical ***,to date,the clinical success of drugs targeting the innate immune pathway remains ***,recent studies have shown that activation of the innate immune pathway can paradoxically promote tumor *** uncertainty surrounding the therapeutic effectiveness of targeted drugs for the innate immune pathway is a critical issue that needs immediate *** this review,we observe that the role of the innate immune pathway demonstrates heterogeneity,linked to the tumor development stage,pathway status,and specific cell *** propose that within the TME,the innate immune pathway exhibits multidimensional *** diversity is fundamentally rooted in cellular heterogeneity and is manifested as a variety of signaling *** pro-tumor effect of innate immune pathway activation essentially reflects the suppression of classical pathways and the activation of potential pro-tumor alternative *** our understanding of the tumor's innate immune pathway network and employing appropriate targeting strategies can enhance our ability to harness the anti-tumor potential of the innate immune pathway and ultimately bridge the gap from preclinical to clinicalapplication.

关键词： drugs therapeutic innate

Method for the height measurement of agricultural implements based on variable parameter Kalman filter

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 193-199页

作者： Gaolong Chen Xiwen Luo Lian hu pei Wang Jie He Dawen Feng Weicong Li Jinkang Jiao College of Engineering South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Artificial Intelligence(GDKL-AAI) Guangzhou 510642China

To improve the GNSS receiver’s accuracy,continuity,and stability in measuring the height of agricultural implements,this study proposed a variable-parameter Kalman filter(VPKF)algorithm based on GNSS and accelerometer to estimate the height of the implements *** VPKF was verified,and its accuracy was evaluated by parallel rail platform and field *** the parallel rail test results,when the GNSS receiver was in real-time kinematic(RTK)positioning and the time delay of differential correction data(TDDCD)was less than or equal to 4 s,the root mean square error(RMSE)of the VPKF estimation was 9.82 *** RMSE of the GNSS measurement was 18.85 *** the GNSS receiver lost differential correction data within 28 s,the absolute error of VPKF was less than 30 mm,and the RMSE was 16.93 *** field test results showed that when the GNSS receiver was in RTK positioning and the TDDCD was less than or equal to 4 s,the RMSE of VPKF estimation was 13.43 mm,and the GNSS measurement was 14.56 *** the GNSS receiver lost differential correction data within 28 s,the RMSE of the VPKF estimate was 15.22 *** results show that VPKF can optimally estimate implement height with better ***,the VPKF can obtain a more accurate,continuous,and stable height of the implement,and increase the application scenarios of the GNSS receiver to measure the implement height.

关键词： agricultural implement height Kalman filter GNSS accelerometer

Mechanisms for Marine–Terrestrial Compound Heatwaves in Southern China and Adjacent Oceans

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第05期 845-860页

作者： Jingyi hu yang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration

Extreme heat events over both lands and oceans have increased in frequency and intensity, and exerted profound impacts on human and natural systems. More impactful is their concurrence, leading to larger losses in health, food,economy, and ecosystem, but receiving far less attention. Understanding the mechanism for such marine–terrestrial compound heatwaves is a prerequisite to prediction and disaster prevention. Based on air particle trajectory analysis,we identified 87 compound heatwaves in China and adjacent oceans in summers of 1982–2021,with the connection between marine and terrestrial heatwaves particularly prominent between the oceans to Northeast Philippines and the lands in South/Southeast China. Through composite and case analysis, it is found that the connection is established by simultaneous governance of(i) the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH),(ii) a dipole circulation pattern constituted by the WPSH and weak tropical cyclones(TCs), or(iii) strong and closer-to-coast TCs, each of which causes anomalously strong descending motion, increased incoming solar radiation, and strengthened adiabatic heating on lands. The marine heatwaves act to supply more moisture through enhanced evaporation, and/or intensify TCs that pass the region. The air particle tracking shows that these moister air masses are then advected by the WPSH and/or TCs to South/Southeast China, converting the adiabatic heating-caused dry heatwaves there into humid ones and thus adding to the heat stress. These diagnoses provide new insight into the mechanistic understanding and forecast precursors for terrestrial heatwaves, through the lens of compound events.

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Robust blind image watermarking based on interest points

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第4期6卷 308-322页

作者： Zizhuo WANG Kun hu Chaoyangfan huANG Zixuan hu Shuo yang Xingjun WANG Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518071China

Digital watermarking technology plays an essential role in the work of anti-counterfeiting and ***,image watermarking algorithms are weak against hybrid attacks,especially geometric attacks,such as cropping attacks,rotation attacks,*** propose a robust blind image watermarking algorithm that combines stable interest points and deep learning networks to improve the robustness of the watermarking algorithm ***,to extract more sparse and stable interest points,we use the Superpoint algorithm for generation and design two steps to perform the screening *** first keep the points with the highest possibility in a given region to ensure the sparsity of the points and then filter the robust interest points by hybrid attacks to ensure high *** message is embedded in sub-blocks centered on stable interest points using a deep learning-based *** kinds of attacks and simulated noise are added to the adversarial training to guarantee the robustness of embedded *** use the ConvNext network for watermark extraction and determine the division threshold based on the decoded values of the unembedded *** extensive experimental results,we demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can improve the accuracy of the network in extracting information while ensuring high invisibility between the embedded image and the original cover *** with previous SOTA work reveals that our algorithm can achieve better visual and numerical results on hybrid and geometric attacks.

关键词： Blind watermarking Robust region selection Geometric distortion Deep learning