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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He li li sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylorirelated gastritis:The mechanisms of signalling pathway regulations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 11-28页

作者： pei-pei Zhang liang li Hao-Yu Qu Guang-Yu Chen Meng-Zhou Xie Yan-Kun Chen School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina School of Informatics Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Precision Medicine Research and Development Center Zhuhai Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina

Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis(HPAG)is a common condition of the gastrointestinal ***,extensive and long-term antibiotic use has resulted in numerous adverse effects,including increased resistance,gastrointestinal dysfunction,and increased recurrence *** these concerns develop,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may have *** is based on the concept of completeness and aims to eliminate pathogens and strengthen the *** has the potential to prevent this condition while also boosting the rate of Helicobacter pylori *** review elaborates on the mechanism of TCM treatment for HPAG based on cellular signalling pathways,which reflects the flexibility of TCM in treating diseases and the advantages of multi-level,multipathway,and multi-target treatments for HPAG.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis Traditional Chinese medicine Signalling pathway Eliminate pathogens Strengthen the body

An Unprecedented Efficiency with Approaching 21%Enabled by Additive‑Assisted Layer‑by‑Layer Processing in Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 372-375页

作者： Shuai Xu Youdi Zhang Yanna Sun pei Cheng Zhaoyang Yao Ning li Long Ye lijian Zuo Ke Gao Key Laboratory of Advanced Green Functional Materials College of ChemistryChangchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130032People’s Republic of China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237People’s Republic of China College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‑Organic Chemistry Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071People’s Republic of China Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

Recently published in Joule,Feng liu and colleagues from Shanghai Jiaotong University reported a record-breaking 20.8%power conversion efficiency in organic solar cells(OSCs)with an interpenetrating fibril network active layer morphology,featuring a bulk p-in structure and proper vertical segregation achieved through additive-assisted layer-by-layer *** optimized hierarchical gradient fibrillar morphology and optical management synergistically facilitates exciton diffusion,reduces recombination losses,and enhances light capture *** approach not only offers a solution to achieving high-efficiency devices but also demonstrates the potential for commercial applications of OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Additive-assisted layer-by-layer processing Three-dimensional fibril morphology Bulk p-i-n structure Optical management

Protein nanoparticles as potent delivery vehicles for polycytosine RNA-binding protein one

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 222-225页

作者： Zi-Yu Zhao pei-li Luo Xia Guo Zheng-Wei Huang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Natural Bioactive Molecules and Discovery of Innovative DrugsCollege of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511436Guangdong ProvinceChina

Ma et al recently reported in the World Journal of Diabetes that ferroptosis occurs in osteoblasts under high glucose conditions,reflecting diabetes *** condition could be protected by the upregulation of the gene encoding polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1(PCBP1).Additionally,Ma et al used a lentivirus infection system to express *** the authors’method of administration can be improved in terms of stability and cost,we propose delivering PCBP1 to treat type 2 diabetic osteoporosis by encapsulating it in protein ***,PCBP1 is small and ***,intravenous injection can help deliver PCBP1 across the mucosa while avoiding acid and enzyme-catalyzed ***,incorporating PCBP1 into nanoparticles prevents its interaction with water or oxygen and protects PCBP1’s structure and ***,the safety of the protein materials and the industrialization techniques for large-scale production of protein nanoparticles must be comprehensively investigated before clinical application.

关键词： Polycytosine RNA-binding protein 1 Protein nanoparticle Osteoblast Ferroptosis Diabetes

Intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1:A new regulator of impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 217-221页

作者： Le-Rong liu Yuan-Yuan Luo pei-Zhu Su Cong Zhang Zhao-Tao li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology Chongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqing 404100China Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqing 404100China Department of Endocrinology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400013China Department of Gastroenterology The First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshan 528000Guangdong ProvinceChina

In this article,we review the study by Jin et al,which examined the role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)in counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).With the global rise of T1DM,there is an increased burden on society and healthcare *** to insulin therapy and islet dysfunction,T1DM patients are highly vulnerable to severe hypoglycemia,a leading cause of *** healthy individuals,counterregulatory mechanisms restore blood glucose during hypoglycemia,but repeated episodes impair these *** et al demonstrated that overexpression of GLP-1 attenuates the sympathetic-adrenal reflex and disrupts the secretion of counterregulatory hormones such as glucagon during hypoglycemia,leading to counterregulatory *** findings highlight the critical role of GLP-1 in the impaired counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia in T1DM patients and provide new insights into the potential application of GLP-1-related therapies in T1DM patients.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 Impaired counterregulation Type 1 diabetes mellitus Sympathetic-adrenal reflex Glucagon

Mechanism of action of linggui Zhugan Decoction in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using untargeted metabolomics approach

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 65-76页

作者： Huan pei Ren-lin li Xin-Ran Song Qian-Qian Wan Yu-Ming Wang Han-Zhou li Wei-Quan Xu Jia-Bao liao Wei-Bo Wen Jing Miao Huan-Tian Cui School of Basic Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China School Clinical Medical College Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China First School of Clinical Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China School of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Department of Pharmacy Tianjin Second People's HospitalTianjin 300192China

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a liver disorder characterized by the accumulation and degeneration of fat in the liver cells,a condition that may further deteriorate and lead to cirrhosis and liver *** studies showed that metabolic dysfunction can promote NAFLD *** Zhugan Decoction(LGZGD)has therapeutic effects on *** mechanism of LGZGD still remains *** study was to examine the impact of LGZGD on the metabolic processes involved in the development of ***:A mice model of NAFLD was treated with *** therapeutic potential of LGZGD was evaluated by assessing the activity of transaminases,lipids levels of blood,and pathological changes in the liver of the mice model of ***,this study also evaluated the influence of LGZGD on liver inflammation and oxidative ***:The results of untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that LGZGD reduced the disordered lipid metabolism in NAFLD *** improved the oxidative stress and also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the *** metabolomics analysis of liver samples revealed that LGZGD treatment improved metabolic disorders,including alanine,aspartate,glutamate,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and citrate *** RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that LGZGD could regulate the expression of key enzymes in the metabolic pathway of the citrate cycle,including ATP-citrate lyase(ACLY),alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-2(AGXT2),phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase(PEMT),and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH).Conclusion:We found that LGZGD can treat NAFLD by reducing inflammatory responses,inhibiting oxidative stress,regulating alanine,aspartate,glutamate,and glycerophospholipid metabolism,and citrate cycle pathways.

关键词： NAFLD LGZGD untargeted metabolomics glycerophospholipid metabolism citrate cycle

Sulfolane‑Based Flame‑Retardant Electrolyte for High‑Voltage Sodium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 498-516页

作者： Xuanlong He Jie Peng Qingyun lin Meng li Weibin Chen pei liu Tao Huang Zhencheng Huang Yuying liu Jiaojiao Deng Shenghua Ye Xuming Yang Xiangzhong Ren Xiaoping Ouyang Jianhong liu Biwei Xiao Jiangtao Hu Qianling Zhang Graphene Composite Research Center College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Center of Electron Microscopy State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China GRINM(Guangdong)Research Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology FoshanGuangdong 528051People’s Republic of China College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Eigen-Equation Graphene Technology Co.Ltd Shenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China

Sodium-ion batteries hold great promise as next-generation energy storage ***,the high instability of the electrode/electrolyte interphase during cycling has seriously hindered the development of *** particular,an unstable cathode–electrolyte interphase(CEI)leads to successive electrolyte side reactions,transition metal leaching and rapid capacity decay,which tends to be exacerbated under high-voltage ***,constructing dense and stable CEIs are crucial for high-performance *** work reports localized high-concentration electrolyte by incorporating a highly oxidation-resistant sulfolane solvent with non-solvent diluent 1H,1H,5H-octafluoropentyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether,which exhibited excellent oxidative stability and was able to form thin,dense and homogeneous *** excellent CEI enabled the O3-type layered oxide cathode NaNi_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)O_(2)(NaNMF)to achieve stable cycling,with a capacity retention of 79.48%after 300 cycles at 1 C and 81.15%after 400 cycles at 2 C with a high charging voltage of 4.2 *** addition,its nonflammable nature enhances the safety of *** work provides a viable pathway for the application of sulfolane-based electrolytes on SIBs and the design of next-generation high-voltage electrolytes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Sulfolane-based electrolyte High voltage Layered oxide cathode Flame retardant

纳米粒子在骨组织工程化基因修饰治疗中的应用

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第22期29卷 4771-4783页

作者：李光照裴锡波王剑口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室国家口腔医学中心国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院修复科四川省成都市610041

背景:传统的骨组织工程技术治疗临界骨缺损存在成骨效率低、安全性差等问题。而以非病毒纳米粒子为基因载体构建的基因强化型骨组织工程移植物,具有更高的成骨效率和安全性,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注和研究。目的:对当前国内外有关纳... 详细信息

背景:传统的骨组织工程技术治疗临界骨缺损存在成骨效率低、安全性差等问题。而以非病毒纳米粒子为基因载体构建的基因强化型骨组织工程移植物,具有更高的成骨效率和安全性,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注和研究。目的:对当前国内外有关纳米粒子在组织工程成骨基因治疗研究中取得的新技术、新方法以及面临的挑战等进行综述,旨在为纳米粒子介导的骨组织工程基因治疗研究提供参考。方法:第一作者在Pub Med、Web of Science和中国知网数据库上进行文献检索,并以“Bone defect repair,Bone tissue engineering,Gene delivery,Nanoparticles,Non-viral gene vector,Sustained release technology,Sequential release,Targeted delivery”作为英文检索词,以“骨缺损修复,骨组织工程,基因递送,纳米粒子,非病毒基因载体,缓释技术,序贯释放,靶向递送”作为中文检索词,最终纳入84篇文献进行总结。结果与结论:(1)在骨缺损愈合的各个生理阶段进行针对性的基因递送可以显著增强骨修复效果。在早期炎症阶段,通过纳米粒子递送抗炎基因来调节炎症反应,可以为后续骨愈合奠定基础;在血管新生期,向局部递送促血管化基因有助于形成高度组织化、可灌注的血管系统,加快骨愈合速度;随着血管化的进行,骨骼的神经再支配也开始发生,此时递送促神经再生的功能性基因有利于促进神经化骨再生;在成骨阶段,通过构建纳米粒子-成骨基因复合物,可以直接提升支架及体内新骨形成的效率。(2)各种有机、无机纳米颗粒、金属有机框架和外泌体等非病毒纳米载体,在骨组织工程基因治疗中具有巨大的潜力,这些纳米基因载体各有其独特的优势和不足,因此在实际应用时,需要根据基因转染效率、生物安全性和成骨特性等因素选择最合适的类型。(3)为了全面提升递送基因的效果,目前主要通过对纳米载体进行各种功能设计来增强基因转染效率,包括增强缓释性和多基因递送序贯性等时间调控能力、增强对骨组织和成骨相关细胞的空间靶向能力、增强跨膜运输效率和细胞核靶向能力等全过程调控手段。(4)未来要进一步推动纳米粒子介导的骨组织工程基因治疗在临床上的应用,还需要克服诸多技术挑战,包括提高有机纳米基因载体的基因转染效率、降低无机纳米载体的生物安全性风险、优化新型纳米载体的生产工艺以及促进其它生理过程与成骨交互作用等,这些问题也是未来骨组织工程基因治疗的研究热点和潮流。

关键词：骨缺损修复骨组织工程基因递送纳米粒子非病毒基因载体缓释技术序贯释放靶向性递送

四波混频Autler-Townes分裂中的探测光影响

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第3期42卷 110-115页

作者：裴丽娅侯海龙北京化工大学数理学院北京100029

在双Λ-型四波混频系统中,研究了探测光强度对Autler-Townes(AT)分裂效应的影响.随着弱探测光强度增大,由缀饰态共振产生的AT分裂双峰间隔不变,但却逐渐增宽线宽且减弱直至消失;而在强耦合光失谐条件下,不对称地位于单光子共振峰两侧的A... 详细信息

在双Λ-型四波混频系统中,研究了探测光强度对Autler-Townes(AT)分裂效应的影响.随着弱探测光强度增大,由缀饰态共振产生的AT分裂双峰间隔不变,但却逐渐增宽线宽且减弱直至消失;而在强耦合光失谐条件下,不对称地位于单光子共振峰两侧的AT分裂双峰却会逐渐趋于对称分布.详细讨论了探测光场对原子的缀饰影响,提出通过探测光强度可以调控原子两基态之间的有效Raman相干,从而影响AT分裂双峰的特征.

关键词：四波混频原子相干 Autler-Townes分裂缀饰态横向弛豫率