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Cretaceous source rocks and associated oil and gas resources in the world and China: A review

Petroleum Science 2014年第3期11卷 331-345页

作者： Yang Ruofei Wang Yuce cao jian State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Qingdao

The Cretaceous is one of the most important stratigraphic intervals for hydrocarbon source rocks. This article summarizes the distribution, formation, and development characteristics of Cretaceous source rocks and associated oil and gas resources in the world and China, aiming at improving the understanding of this hydrocarbon enrichment and at broadening domestic exploration. Outside China, these rocks are generally formed in marine or transgressive environments during both the Upper and Lower Cretaceous. The majority of Cretaceous source rocks are located in the Persian Gulf, Mediterranean, and Gulf Coast of the USA. Kerogen types within these source rocks have distinct spatial distribution characteristics, with high-latitude Boreal Realm, Tethyan Realm and South Gondwana Realm source rocks containing type III, II, II-III kerogens, respectively. Cretaceous source rocks in China can be mainly divided into four zones： Eastern, Central, Northwest, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau zones. The majority of Chinese source rocks formed in the Early Cretaceous, whereas the most productive source rocks are developed in the Upper Cretaceous, such as those within the Songliao Basin. Most of these basins are formed in lacustrine environments, although some may have been influenced by transgressive events： Cretaceous source rocks are formed in four distinctive ways： 1） during Oceanic Anoxic Events and associated global sea-level rises, 2） in Black Sea-type retention basins, 3） during transgression and 4） during periods of significant terrestrial input. Formation of these source rocks is controlled by four factors： paleoclimate, paleotopography, transgression, and Oceanic Anoxic Events. These four major controlling factors indicate that China＇s hydrocarbon exploration within the Cretaceous should focus on two key areas with extremely low exploration levels, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the southeastern coast of China.

关键词： Cretaceous source rock organic matter Tethys transgression

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Development of a subchannel code for blockage accidents of LMFRs based on the 3D fuel rod model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第3期33卷 30-44页

作者： Xiao Luo Lian-Kai cao Wen-pei Feng Hong-Li Chen School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

To predict the thermal-hydraulic(T/H)parameters of the reactor core for liquid-metal-cooled fast reactors(LMFRs),especially under flow blockage accidents,we developed a subchannel code called *** code uses a time-dependent,four-equation,singlephase flow model together with a 3D heat conduction model for the fuel rods,which is solved by numerical methods based on the finite difference method with a staggered *** to the local effect of the blockage on the flow field,low axial flow,increased forced crossflow,and backflow *** more accurately simulate this problem,we implemented a robust and novel solution *** verified the code with a low-flow(~0.01 m/s)and large-scale blockage *** the preliminary validation,we compared our results with the experimental data of the NACIE-UP BFPS blockage test and the KIT19ROD blockage *** results revealed that KMC-FB has sufficient solution accuracy and can be used in future flow blockage analyses for LMFRs.

关键词： Subchannel method Code development Blockage accident Liquid-metal-cooled fast reactor

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杀菌条件对蓝点马鲛鱼脂质及风味品质的影响

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渔业科学进展 2025年第1期46卷 222-230页

作者：王善宇简冲薛勇赵玲孙慧慧曹荣中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所山东青岛266071 青岛海洋科技中心海洋药物与生物制品功能实验室山东青岛266237 中国海洋大学食品科学与工程学院山东青岛266003

为探究不同杀菌条件对蓝点马鲛鱼(Scomberomorus niphonius)品质的影响,本文研究了110℃、46.4 min(A组),115℃、14.7 min(B组)和121℃、3.7 min(C组)3种杀菌条件对鱼肉感官品质、脂质组成及风味的影响。结果显示,杀菌后蓝点马鲛鱼的质... 详细信息

为探究不同杀菌条件对蓝点马鲛鱼(Scomberomorus niphonius)品质的影响,本文研究了110℃、46.4 min(A组),115℃、14.7 min(B组)和121℃、3.7 min(C组)3种杀菌条件对鱼肉感官品质、脂质组成及风味的影响。结果显示,杀菌后蓝点马鲛鱼的质地、滋味和气味的感官评分变化明显。样品中的总脂、甘油三酯和磷脂含量在杀菌后均显著降低(P<0.05),游离脂肪酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。不同杀菌组间脂质组成存在差异,C组样品的脂质损失程度最高。脂质氧化程度受杀菌条件的影响显著(P<0.05),过氧化值(POV)含量均显著升高、硫代巴比妥酸反应值(TBARS)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。电子鼻分析结果表明,不同杀菌条件处理后鱼肉的气味特征明显不同。借助气相色谱-离子迁移谱从4组样品中鉴别出22种挥发性化合物,各组间的挥发性物质存在明显差异,其中,己醛、戊醛、异戊醛、3-戊酮、环己酮、3-羟基丁-2-酮和乙酸乙酯等是鱼肉中的主要风味物质,在B组样品中含量最高。综上,采用115℃、14.7 min(B组)杀菌的样品,其感官和风味品质明显优于其他组,且脂质氧化程度更低。研究结果可为蓝点马鲛鱼罐头产品加工提供参考。

关键词：蓝点马鲛鱼杀菌条件感官品质脂质挥发性物质风味

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Effects of Xinfeng capsule on the Fas/FasL-mediated apoptotic pathway in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2018年第4期38卷 601-609页

作者： Sun Yue Liu jian cao Yonghe Department of Rheumatism Immunity The First Affiliated HospitalAnhui University of Chinese Medicine Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalXinxiang Medical University

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Xinfeng capsule on the apoptosis of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes and changes in the Fas/Fas L-mediated apoptotic pathway in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).METHODS:A total of 28 RA patients were included in the study;they were randomly divided into the Xinfeng capsule(XFC) group(3 capsules,3 per day)and the leflunomide(LEF) group(1 pellet,once per night).The treatment course in each groups was 12 *** normal control(NC) group consisted of10 healthy *** apoptotic rate was examined using flow ***,Fas L,caspase 8,caspase 3,bcl-2,and bax m RNA were examined using q *** proteins Fas,Fas L,caspase8,and caspase 3 were examined using western ***:After treatment,patients in the two groups all showed some trend of *** activity indexes,joint morning stiffness time,joint swelling/tenderness number,health assessment questionnaire(HAQ) score,RA quality of life(RAQOL) questionnaire,and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),as well as all apoptotic related indicators were reduced in both groups after treatment with no significant difference between *** the improvement in terms of the self-rating depression scale(SDS) in the XFC group was better than in the LEF *** patients showed lower apoptotic rates in CD4+ T cells,lower bax,Fas,caspase 8,and caspase 3 m RNA,and less protein expression of Fas,caspase 8,and caspase3 than in the NC *** indicators increased after ***,the level of Bcl-2 m RNA was higher in the XFC group than in the NC group before treatment,and it subsequently *** XFC group expressed lower Bcl-2 m RNA than the LEF *** correlations were found between ESR and the apoptotic rate in CD4 + T cells,Fas,and caspase 3;CRP and Fas;and,swollen joint count and Bax,while positive correlations were found between ESR and ***:XFC can regulate the Fas/Fas L system and promote CD4+ T cell apoptosis and thus redu

关键词： Arthritis rheumatoid Fas ligand protein CD4 lymphocyte count Apoptosis Xinfengcapsule

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HDR-Net-Fusion:Real-time 3D dynamic scene reconstruction with a hierarchical deep reinforcement network

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Computational Visual Media 2021年第4期7卷 419-435页

作者： Hao-Xuan Song Jiahui Huang Yan-pei cao Tai-jiang Mu BNRist Department of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeiing 100084China Kuaishou Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100085China

Reconstructing dynamic scenes with commodity depth cameras has many applications in computer graphics,computer vision,and ***,due to the presence of noise and erroneous observations from data capturing devices and the inherently ill-posed nature of non-rigid registration with insufficient information,traditional approaches often produce low-quality geometry with holes,bumps,and *** propose a novel 3D dynamic reconstruction system,named HDR-Net-Fusion,which learns to simultaneously reconstruct and refine the geometry on the fly with a sparse embedded deformation graph of surfels,using a hierarchical deep reinforcement(HDR)*** latter comprises two parts:a global HDR-Net which rapidly detects local regions with large geometric errors,and a local HDR-Net serving as a local patch refinement operator to promptly complete and enhance such *** the global HDR-Net is formulated as a novel reinforcement learning problem to implicitly learn the region selection strategy with the goal of improving the overall reconstruction *** applicability and efficiency of our approach are demonstrated using a large-scale dynamic reconstruction *** method can reconstruct geometry with higher quality than traditional methods.

关键词： dynamic 3D scene reconstruction deep reinforcement learning point cloud completion deep neural networks

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Perturbation of the Moore–Penrose Metric Generalized Inverse in Reflexive Strictly Convex Banach Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2016年第6期32卷 725-735页

作者： jian Bing cao Wan Qin ZHANG Postdoctoral Research Base He'nan Institute of Science and Technology Postdoctoral Research Station of Physics He'nan Normal University Department of Mathematics He'nan Institute of Science and Technology

Let X, Y be reflexive strictly convex Banach spaces, let T, δT ： X → Y be bounded linear operators with closed range R（T）. Put T= T ＋ δT. In this paper, by using the concept of quasiadditivity and the so called generalized Neumman lemma, we will give some error estimates of the bounds of ｜｜T^M｜｜. By using a relation between the concepts of the reduced minimum module and the gap of two subspaces, some new existence characterization of the Moore-Penrose metric generalized inverse T^M of the perturbed operator T will be also given.

关键词： Metric generalized inverse perturbation reflexive strictly convex Banach space

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Application and discussion of statistical seismology in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment studies

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第2期65卷 257-268页

作者： Weilai pei Shiyong ZHOU jiancang ZHUANG Ziyao XIONG jian PIAO School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China The Institute of Statistical Mathematics Research Organization of Information and SystemsTokyo 1908562Japan

Earthquakes are one of the natural disasters that pose a major threat to human lives and property. Earthquake prediction propels the construction and development of modern seismology;however, current deterministic earthquake prediction is limited by numerous difficulties. Identifying the temporal and spatial statistical characteristics of earthquake occurrences and constructing earthquake risk statistical prediction models have become significant;particularly for evaluating earthquake risks and addressing seismic planning requirements such as the design of cities and lifeline projects based on the obtained insight. Since the 21 st century, the occurrence of a series of strong earthquakes represented by the Wenchuan M8 earthquake in 2008 in certain low-risk prediction areas has caused seismologists to reflect on traditional seismic hazard assessment globally. This article briefly reviews the development of statistical seismology, emphatically analyzes the research results and existing problems of statistical seismology in seismic hazard assessment, and discusses the direction of its development. The analysis shows that the seismic hazard assessment based on modern earthquake catalogues in most regions should be effective. Particularly, the application of seismic hazard assessment based on ETAS(epidemic type aftershock sequence)should be the easiest and most effective method for the compilation of seismic hazard maps in large urban agglomeration areas and low seismic hazard areas with thick sedimentary zones.

关键词： Statistical seismology Earthquake prediction Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment Stress release model Epidemic type aftershock sequence model

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How to improve CHMs quality:Enlighten from CHMs ecological cultivation

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2021年第3期13卷 301-312页

作者： pei cao Gang Wang Xue-min Wei Shi-lin Chen jian-ping Han Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation State Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineInstitute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China

Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)are one of the important bioresources of medicine,which works by unlocking nature’s ability to prevent diseases and recover from ***,it has ascended to the world stage and become a global ***,a considerable of researches have focused on the quality evaluation of ***,it is difficult to meet the reasonable needs of human beings for safe drug use to evaluate the quality of a huge number of inferior goods for the CHMs contaminated by pesticides and heavy *** to explore an eligible medicinal plant cultivation pattern,which can provide high quality CHMs sustainably,is most *** review analyzed the situation and characteristics of medicinal plant resources in different periods,including wild-harvested and cultivated resources during different stages,putting forward that ecological cultivation must be the way to develop medicinal plant cultivation and to obtain high quality CHMs.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicines drug safety ecological cultivation pesticide residues soil quality

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Effects of surface texturing on microalgal cell attachment to solid carriers

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第4期6卷 44-54页

作者： Yan Cui Wenqiao Yuan jian cao Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7625USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208-3109USA

The objective of this study was to understand the role of surface texturing in microalgal cell attachment to solid *** microalgal species,Scenedesmus dimorphus and Nannochloropsis oculata,were studied on solid carriers made of nylon and ***,pillar and groove at micro-scale were engineered on the solid *** response to the textured surfaces was separately described by the Cassie and Wenzel models and the contact point *** between measured and model-predicted contact angles indicated that the wetting behavior of the textured solid carriers fell into the Wenzel state,which implied that algal cells could fully penetrate into the designed textures,but the adhesion behavior would be dependent on the size and shape of the *** results showed that the attachment was preferred when the feature size was close to the diameter of the cell attempting to *** or smaller feature dimensions had the potential to reduce cellular *** observation was found to qualitatively comply with the contact point theory.

关键词： algae attachment algal biofuel Cassie model contact point theory surface texture Wenzel model

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Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implant Surgery in 22 Cases of Silicone Oil-dependent Eyes

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Current Medical Science 2023年第2期43卷 393-398页

作者： Yang-yu LIU Qi ZHANG Yi-quan SHEN pei-ru MA Rong CHENG Dan cao jian-bin CHEN Department of Ophthalmology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Ophthalmology Wuhan Eye-Good Eye HospitalWuhan430019China Department of Ophthalmology the First Hospital of Guangshui CityGuanshui432700China

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of foldable capsular vitreous body(FCVB)implant surgery in silicone oil-dependent *** A total of 22 participants with silicone oil-dependent eyes who received treatment with FCVB implant surgery between January 2019 and June 2020 were included in this retrospective *** intraocular pressure(IOP),best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),demographic data,and any recorded complications were *** The postoperative IOP(12.73±4.20 mmHg)was significantly improved(P=0.03)compared to the preoperative IOP(10.23±3.69 mmHg)(the main endpoint).There was no significant difference(P=0.33)in the final BCVA preoperation and 3rd month postoperation(the secondary endpoint).The most common postoperative complication was *** common postoperative complications included corneal opacity,a shallow anterior chamber,and a low *** FCVB implant surgery is a safe and effective method for treating silicone oil-dependent eyes;however,attention should be paid to the prevention and timely treatment of complications.

关键词： foldable capsular vitreous body silicone oil-dependent eyes

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