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A passive sampler for synchronously measuring inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater:Configuration and field application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 201-212页

作者： pei lei Mingying Chen Nan Rong Wenzhong Tang Hong Zhang School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510530China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Guangzhou 510530China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In situ measurement of multiple pollutants coexisting in sediment porewater is an essential step in comprehensively assessing the bioavailability and risk of pollutants,but to date,this needs to be better developed.In this study,a passive sampler,consisting of an“I-shaped”supporting frame and inorganic/organic sampling units,incorporating equilibrium dialysis theory and kinetic/equilibrium sorption principle,was developed for the synchronous measurement of inorganic(e.g.,phosphorus and metal(loid)s)and organic pollutants(e.g.,parent and substituted PAHs).The equilibrium time and sampling rates were explored in laboratory tests to support in situ application.Profiles of pollutants in porewater within a vertical resolution of centimeters,i.e.,1 cm and 2 cm for inorganic and organic pollutants,respectively,were obtained by field deployment of the sampler for further estimation of diffusive fluxes across the sediment-water interface.The results suggested that the role of sediments for a specific pollutant may change(e.g.,from“sink”to“source”)during the sampling time.This study demonstrated the feasibility of synchronous measurement of inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater by the passive sampler.In addition,it provided new insight for further investigation into the combined pollution effects of various pollutants in sediments.

关键词： Passive sampling Bioavailability Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Combined pollution Diffusive flux

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Sulfur-driven methylmercury production in paddies continues following soil oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第9期34卷 166-174页

作者： Wenli Tang Chao Tang pei lei School of the Environment State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Methylmercury(MeHg) production in paddy soils and its accumulation in rice raise global concerns since rice consumption has been identified as an important pathway of human exposure to MeHg. Sulfur(S) amendment via fertilization has been reported to facilitate Hg methylation in paddy soils under anaerobic conditions, while the dynamic of S-amendment induced MeHg production in soils with increasing redox potential remains unclear. This critical gap hinders a comprehensive understanding of Hg biogeochemistry in rice paddy system which is characterized by the fluctuation of redox potential. Here, we conducted soil incubation experiments to explore MeHg production in slow-oxidizing paddy soils amended with different species of S and doses of sulfate. Results show that the elevated redox potential(1) increased MeHg concentrations by 10.9%-35.2%, which were mainly attributed to the re-oxidation of other S species to sulfate and thus the elevated abundance of sulfatereducing bacteria, and(2) increased MeHg phytoavailability by up to 75% due to the reductions in acid volatile sulfide(AVS) that strongly binds MeHg in soils. Results obtained from this study call for attention to the increased MeHg production and phytoavailability in paddy soils under elevated redox potentials due to water management, which might aggravate the MeHg production induced by S fertilization and thus enhance MeHg accumulation in rice.

关键词： Mercury Sulfur Availability Mercury methylation Rice

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Evidence on the causes of the rising levels of COD_(Mn) along the middle route of the South-to-North Diversion Project in China:The role of algal dissolved organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 281-290页

作者： Chao Wang Hong Zhang pei lei Xiaokang Xin Aijing Zhang Wei Yin Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute Wuhan 430051China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210046China Construction and Administration Bureau of South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project Beijing 100038China Key Laboratory cf Ecological Regulation ofNon-point Source Pollution in Lake and Reservoir Water Sources Wuhan 430051China

As the biggest inter-basin water transfer scheme in the world,the South-to-North Water Diversion Project(SNWD) was designed to alleviate the water crisis in North China.The main channel of the middle route of the SNWD is of great concern in terms of the drinking water quality.In this study,we tested the hypothesis that the dissolved organic matter(DOM) derived from the planktonic algae causes the rising levels of COD_(Mn) along the middle route by monitoring data on water quality(2015-2019,monthly resolution).The results showed that algal density in the main channel increased along the channel and was significantly correlated with COD_(Mn)(p <0.01).Five fluorescent components of DOM,including tyrosine-like(14.85%),tryptophan-like(22.48%),microbial byproduct-like(26.34%),fulvic acid-like(11.41%),and humic acid-like(24.92%) components,were detected.The level of tyrosine-like components increased along the channel and was significantly correlated with algal density(p<0.01),indicating that algae significantly changed the level of DOM in the channel.Algal decomposition and metabolism were found to be the main mechanisms that drive the changes in COD_(Mn).Therefore,controlling algal density would be an important measure to prevent further increase in CODMn and for the guarantee of excellent water quality.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter(DOM)Algae COD_(Mn) South-to-North Diversion Project Danjiangkou reservoir Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectroscopy(3D-EEMs)

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Understanding the risks of mercury sulfide nanoparticles in the environment: Formation, presence, and environmental behaviors

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第9期34卷 78-92页

作者： pei lei Nan Zou Yujiao Liu Weiping Cai Mengjie Wu Wenli Tang Huan Zhong State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Environmental and Life Sciences Program(EnLS) Trent UniversityPeterborough OntarioK9L 0G2Canada

Mercury(Hg) could be microbially methylated to the bioaccumulative neurotoxin methylmercury(Me Hg), raising health concerns. Understanding the methylation of various Hg species is thus critical in predicting the Me Hg risk. Among the known Hg species, mercury sulfide(HgS) is the largest Hg reservoir in the lithosphere and has long been considered to be highly inert. However, with advances in the analytical methods of nanoparticles, HgS nanoparticles(HgS NPs) have recently been detected in various environmental matrices or organisms. Furthermore, pioneering laboratory studies have reported the high bioavailability of HgS NPs. The formation, presence, and transformation(e.g., methylation) of HgS NPs are intricately related to several environmental factors, especially dissolved organic matter(DOM). The complexity of the behavior of HgS NPs and the heterogeneity of DOM prevent us from comprehensively understanding and predicting the risk of HgS NPs. To reveal the role of HgS NPs in Hg biogeochemical cycling, research needs should focus on the following aspects: the formation pathways, the presence, and the environmental behaviors of HgS NPs impacted by the dominant influential factor of DOM. We thus summarized the latest progress in these aspects and proposed future research priorities, e.g., developing the detection techniques of HgS NPs and probing HgS NPs in various matrices, further exploring the interactions between DOM and HgS NPs. Besides, as most of the previous studies were conducted in laboratories, our current knowledge should be further refreshed through field observations, which would help to gain better insights into predicting the Hg risks in natural environment.

关键词： Bioavailability Bioaccumulation Organic matter Mercury methylation Dissolution Aggregation

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Chatter stability of robotic rotary ultrasonic countersinking

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第10期36卷 434-444页

作者： Zhenwen SUN Wenhe LIAO Kan ZHENG Song DONG pei lei Lianjun SUN School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group)Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610091China

In recent years,industrial robots have received extensive attention in manufacturing field due to their high flexibility and great workspace.However,the weak stiffness of industrial robots makes it extremely easy to arouse chatter,which affects machining quality inevitably and generates noise pollution in severe cases.Compared with drilling,the chatter mechanism of robotic countersinking is more complex.The external excitation changes with cutting width and depth in countersinking.This characteristic results in time-varying and nonlinearity of robotic countersinking dynamics.Thus,it is urgent to propose a new method of chatter suppression and provide an accurate stability analysis model.As a new special machining technology,rotary ultrasonic machining has been proved to improve robotic drilling and milling stability effectively.Based on this,robotic rotary ultrasonic countersinking(RRUC)is proposed to improve the robotic countersinking stability in this paper.A three-dimensional stability domain method of RRUC is established.First,the countersinking process was divided intoρparts.The dynamic model of every unit was constructed based on ultrasonic function angle(γ)and dynamic chip area.Then,the stability region of RRUC is obtained based on the semi-discrete method(SDM).Compared with the robotic conventional countersinking(RCC),RRUC improves the stability by 27%.Finally,the correctness and effectiveness of the stability region model are proved by robotic ultrasonic countersinking experiments.

关键词： Industrial robot Rotary ultrasonic machining Dynamic model Countersinking chatter Stability analysis

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The lectin gene TRpL1 of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia L.response to salt stress

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 497-505页

作者： Shuo Liu Yaxuan Jiang Xinyu Guo Liping Xu pei lei Qiuxiang Luo Jianxin Liu Wei Li lei Tao Fanjuan Meng College of Life Science Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001People’s Republic of China Crop Tillage and Cultivation Institute Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural ScienceHarbin 150028People’s Republic of China

Lectins are natural proteins in animals,plants,and microorganisms and can be divided into 12 families.These lectins play important roles in various environmental stresses.Some polyploid plants show tolerance to environmental stresses and to insect pests.However,the mechanism of stress tolerance is unclear.Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia(4×)under salt stress showed higher tolerance than diploid R.pseudoacacia(2×).As lectin can improve stress tolerance,it was questioned whether the stress resistance of polyploid plants was related to the lectin protein.In this study,salt resistance of lectin gene TRpL1 was verified by its over-expression in plants.In addition,salt resistance of lectin protein by E.coli strains was detected.The data revealed that the over-expression transgenic plants of TRpL1 showed better salt tolerance than control plants under salt stress,and the TRpL1-expressing strain also grew better in the medium with added NaCl.Therefore,tetraploid plants can resist salt stress through TRpL1 protein regulation.

关键词： Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia lectin Salt stress Polyploid

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Sorption kinetics of parent and substituted PAHs for low-density polyethylene（LDPE）:Determining their partition coefficients between LDPE and water(KLDPE) for passive sampling

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 349-360页

作者： pei lei Jinjie Zhu Ke Pan Hong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory cf Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Low-density polyethylene(LDPE)has been widely used as a sorbent for passive sampling of hydrophobic organic contaminants(HOCs)in aquatic environments.However,it has seen only limited application in passive sampling for measurement of freely dissolved concentrations of parent and substituted PAHs(SPAHs),which are known to be toxic,mutagenic and carcinogenic.Here,the 16 priority PAHs and some typical PAHs were selected as target compounds and were simultaneously determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer(GC–MS).Some batch experiments were conducted in the laboratory to explore the adsorption kinetics of the target compounds in LDPE membranes.The results showed that both PAHs and SPAHs could reach equilibrium status within19–38 days in sorption kinetic experiments.The coefficients of partitioning between LDPE film(50μm thickness)and water(KLDPE)for the 16 priority PAHs were in good agreement with previously reported values,and the values of KLDPEfor the 9 SPAHs are reported in this study for the first time.Significant linear relationships were observed,i.e.,log KLDPE=0.705×log KOW+1.534 for PAHs(R^2=0.8361,p<0.001)and log KLDPE=0.458×log KOW+3.092 for SPAHs(R^2=0.5609,p=0.0077).The selected LDPE film was also proven to meet the condition of"zero sink"for the selected target compounds.These results could provide basic support for the configuration and in situ application of passive samplers.

关键词： Low-density polyethylene(LDPE) PAHs Substituted PAHs(SPAHs) Freely dissolved concentrations Passive sampling

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体育经济与管理实践教学评价体系的构建——基于双创需求的研究背景

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山西财经大学学报 2024年第S1期46卷 232-234页

作者：曹佩磊王雪海口经济学院海南海口571127

体育院校在体育经济管理复合型人才培养中肩负着重要的责任,实践教学是培养创新型人才的重要途径。双创政策的实施对体育经济与管理实践教学提出了新的要求,如何构建实践教学评价体系成为亟待研究的课题。本文阐明了双创政策的实施对体... 详细信息

体育院校在体育经济管理复合型人才培养中肩负着重要的责任,实践教学是培养创新型人才的重要途径。双创政策的实施对体育经济与管理实践教学提出了新的要求,如何构建实践教学评价体系成为亟待研究的课题。本文阐明了双创政策的实施对体育竞技与管理人才培养的要求,分析了高校体育经济与管理实践教学现状,最后提出基于双创需求的体育经济与管理实践教学评价体系的构建策略。

关键词：体育经济与管理实践教学评价体系构建策略

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富营养化湖泊藻华腐解产生的溶解性有机质动态变化及其环境效应

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环境科学 2024年第3期45卷 1539-1552页

作者：张瑾陈明滢郝智能钟寰何欢雷沛南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室南京210023 南京师范大学环境学院南京210023 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室北京100085

富营养化和有害藻华是湖泊面临的主要环境问题,富营养化湖泊藻华在后期会发生衰亡和腐解并产生大量藻源溶解性有机质(DOM),影响水体DOM的质量和活性,并对关键元素的生物地球化学循环产生重要调控作用.为探究不同富营养化程度湖泊水体藻... 详细信息

富营养化和有害藻华是湖泊面临的主要环境问题,富营养化湖泊藻华在后期会发生衰亡和腐解并产生大量藻源溶解性有机质(DOM),影响水体DOM的质量和活性,并对关键元素的生物地球化学循环产生重要调控作用.为探究不同富营养化程度湖泊水体藻华腐解过程,对藻华腐解过程中水体DOM总量、生物有效性、相对分子质量和组分的动态变化进行分析,并探讨了藻华腐解引发的环境效应.结果表明,藻华腐解显著提高DOM浓度、生物有效性和各荧光组分强度.随着腐解的进行,DOM浓度逐渐降低,而相对分子质量逐渐增大.在分子水平上,超高分辨率质谱结果显示腐解过程中不饱和烃和脂肪族化合物优先被微生物利用,并生成木质素、缩合烃和高O/C值的单宁酸等惰性分子.藻华腐解过程中细菌群落主要优势种从变形菌门(46%)逐渐变为拟杆菌门(42%).此外,藻华腐解还导致水体CO_(2)和CH_(4)排放显著升高1.2~5倍,且排放量可以由DOM光学指标a254预测.该结果为全面揭示藻华腐解过程中DOM特征的动态变化,以及湖泊富营养化治理和环境效应预测提供理论依据和科学支撑.

关键词：溶解性有机质生物有效性相对分子质量藻华腐解温室气体

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信息资源管理跨学科人才培养的实践逻辑与影响因素

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数字图书馆论坛 2024年第1期20卷 13-22页

作者：裴雷胡志伟南京大学信息管理学院南京210023 南京大学数据智能与交叉创新实验室南京210023

作为回应复合型人才需求的教育模式变革,跨学科人才培养是信息资源管理学科保持活力的重要源泉。首先,在梳理跨学科人才培养的契机和实践模式的基础上,解析信息资源管理跨学科人才培养的实践逻辑。其次,从知识生产框架和潜在空间领域的... 详细信息

作为回应复合型人才需求的教育模式变革,跨学科人才培养是信息资源管理学科保持活力的重要源泉。首先,在梳理跨学科人才培养的契机和实践模式的基础上,解析信息资源管理跨学科人才培养的实践逻辑。其次,从知识生产框架和潜在空间领域的角度分析信息资源管理跨学科人才培养的发展方向。再次,分析信息资源管理跨学科人才培养的影响因素。最后,提出构建跨学科人才培养体系的实践路径:优化培养方案,推进课程体系改革;关注学生发展,加强师资队伍建设;完善保障机制,创新质量评价体系。

关键词：信息资源管理人才培养跨学科教育实践逻辑影响因素新文科

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