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Molecular Study of the Genetic Variability of Pumpkins Landraces from Brazilian Amazon

Agricultural Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 511-523页

作者： Lúcia Helena Pinheiro Martins Maria Teresa Gomes Lopes Hiroshi Noda pedro de queiroz costa neto Ayrton Luiz Urizzi Martins Fabíola Viana de Almeida Liane Cristine Reboucas demosthenes Núcleo de Etnoecologia da Amazonia(NETNO)Universidade Federal do Amazonas ManausBrazil Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias(FCA) Universidade Federal do AmazonasManausBrazil Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia(INPA) ManausBrazil Instituto Federal de Educacao Tecnologica do Amazonas/Campus Parintins IFAM/ParintinsBrazil Instituto de Ciencias Exatas e Tecnologia(ICET) Universidade Federal do AmazonasItacoatiaraBrazil

The Cucurbita maxima Duchesne is a vegetable crop plant cultivated and maintained by traditional Amazon communities, Brazil. The situation is worsened by the possibility of disappearance of local populations and genetic variability of this specie, taking into account the today changes promoted in family farming. The aim of this study was to estimate the current levels of genetic variability of local cultivars through the use of molecular markers (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism—AFLP). We chose to collect in two distinct micro regions in order to identify possible influences of geographic isolation and different levels of market requirements in the conservation of the genetic variability of the C. maxima. For the molecular analysis, bulk samples of fresh leaves of 15 plants/half-sibling family were collected in paper bags. There were 34 samples from the half-sib families. The analysis of the results half-sib obtained by methods of estimation of genetic variation by molecular markers shows that the forms of cultivation and management adopted by family farmers maintain the identities of the local/landraces (native cultivars) and, at the same time, the levels of diversity for the assurance of adaptability macro-environmental.

关键词： Crop Genetic Variability Molecular Marker Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Cucurbita maxima Duchesne

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Areas with evidence of equity and their progress on mortality from tuberculosis in an endemic municipality of southeast Brazil

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1185-1195页

作者： Mellina YAMAMURA Marcelino SANTOS neto Francisco CHIARAVALLOTI neto Luiz Henrique ARROYO Antonio Carlos Vieira RAMOS Ana Angelica Rego de queiroz Aylana de Souza BELCHIOR Danielle Talita dos SANTOS Juliane de Almeida CRISPIM Ione Carvalho PINTO Severina Alice da costa UCHOA Regina Celia FIORATI Ricardo Alexandre ARCENCIO School of Nursing of the University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Campus(EERP/USP)Ribeirao retoSPBrazil Federal University of Maranhao(UFMA) Sao LuísMABrazil School of Public Health of the University of Sao Paulo(FSP/USP) Sao PauloSPBrazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN) NatalRNBrazil School of Medicine of the University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto Campus(FMRP/USP)Ribeirao PretoSPBrazil

Background:In Brazil,people still fall ill and die from tuberculosis(TB),and this can be explained by the significant impasse in the equity of distribution of therapeutic resources to the population as a *** aim was to identify geographical areas which have shown progress in terms of equity(of income,schooling and urban occupancy)and test its effect on mortality from TB in a municipality of southeast ***:It is an ecological study considering TB as the basic cause for deaths registered between 2006 and 2013 on the Mortality Information System and other variables obtained through the demographic Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics(2010).The geographical area for analysis comprised the areas of coverage of the health *** indicators have been constructed through the Principal Component Analysis(PCA).The cases were geocoded and the annual mortality rate from TB was calculated with smoothing using the local empirical Bayesian *** linear regression was then *** was confirmation of the existence of spatial dependence of residue through the application of the Global Moran I test,and application of the Models with Global Spatial Effects,to identify the best standard of spatial ***:The mortality rates ranged from 0.00 to 2.8 deaths per 100,000 people,per *** the PCA,three indicators were constructed,and designated as indicators of income,social inequality,and social *** multiple linear regression,the indicator of social equity was statistically significant(Pdependence(Moran I=0.21,P=0.003455).The best model to deal with existing spatial dependence was the Spatial Lag ***:The better social conditions have shown progress in reducing mortality from TB,thereby reinforcing the achievement of Sustainable development *** addition,cartography was also applied,which can be replicated

关键词： Tuberculosis Spatial analysis Mortality Cause of death

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Physicians and Conflicts of Interest

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第16期5卷 956-965页

作者： deborah Pimentel Maria-Jesia Vieira Joao pedro declerc FSNeves Manoel Juvenal da costa-neto Lais costa Souza Oliveira department of Medicine Universidade Federal de SergipeAracajuBrazil Universidade Tiradentes AracajuBrazil Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Universidade Federal de SergipeAracajuBrazil Universidade Federal de Sergipe AracajuBrazil

In medical practice, the most commonly observed conflicts of interest are the ones existing in the relations between professionals and industries linked to health or between the former and health services. These relations are no longer a partnership in search of the best to be offered to patients and tend to take up a commercial role, in a seduction game where, each one, in their own manner, seeks benefits. The purpose of this study is to analyze the existence of these conflicts of interest, in an exploratory and qualitative study, with physician focal groups. The results were grouped in two categories: benefits received by physicians and the justifications provided by them for the establishment of these partnerships. The most common benefits are: percentages over orthoses and prosthetics received by the industry;discounts and credits on rent or condominium fees for exam indications and procedures;rewards offered by the pharmaceutical industry for the indication of their products. Physicians have pointed out as main determinants for ethical missteps that involve conflicts of interest, the character and family formation as well as the lack of denunciations. The fact that efficient and widespread laws for resolution of conflicts of interest do not exist makes it necessary to recognize their existence with mechanisms of management and transparency, perhaps as the only way to avoid negative interference in physician behavior.

关键词： Ethics Physicians Conflicts of Interest

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Risk factors associated with inflammatory bowel disease: A multicenter case-control study in Brazil

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第25期26卷 3611-3624页

作者： Valéria Cristina Loureiro Salgado Ronir Raggio Luiz Neio Lucio Fernandes Boéchat Isabella Sued Leao Bianca do Carmo Schorr JoséMiguel Luz Parente Daniela Calado Lima Eduardo Santos Silveira Júnior Genoile Oliveira Santana Silva Neogélia Pereira Almeida Andrea Vieira Maria Luiza queiroz de Bueno Júlio Maria Chebli érika Ruback Bertges Luísa Martins da costa Brugnara Columbano Junqueira neto Stefania Burjack Gabriel Campbell Luana Letiza Discacciati Joao Paulo Silva Cézar Tiago Nunes Gilaad G Kaplan Cyrla Zaltman Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineClementino Fraga Filho HospitalFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21940-230Brazil Institute for Studies in Public Health Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21940-230Brazil Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory Clementino Fraga Filho HospitalInstitute of Thoracic DiseasesFaculty of MedicineFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21940-230Brazil Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineHospital UniversityFaculty of MedicineFederal University of PiauíPiauí64049-550Brazil Almeida Division of GastroenterologyInflammatory Bowel Disease Outpatient ClinicRoberto Santos General Hospital(HGRS)of the Bahia State Department of HealthBahia 40110-060Brazil Division of Gastroenterology Inflammatory Bowel Disease Outpatient ClinicIrmandade Santa Casa da Misericórdia of São PauloSão Paulo 01221020Brazil Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineHospital UniversityFaculty of MedicineFederal University of Juiz de ForaMinas Gerais 36036-247Brazil Division of Gastroenterology Inflammatory Bowel Disease Outpatient ClinicFederal District Base HospitalBrasília 70330-150Brazil Gastrointestinal Physiology Institute of Nutritional ScienceNestle Research CenterLausanne 1000Switzerland departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences University of CalgaryCalgary T2N4Z6Canada

BACKGROUND The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is unknown,but it is believed to be *** hygiene hypothesis proposes that better hygiene conditions would lead to less infectious disease during childhood and favor the development of immune-mediated *** To test the hygiene hypothesis in IBD by assessing the environmental risk factors associated with IBD development in different regions of Brazil with diverse socioeconomic development *** A multicenter case-control study was carried out with 548 Crohn’s disease(CD)and 492 ulcerative colitis(UC)outpatients and 416 healthy controls,from six IBD centers within different Brazilian states at diverse socioeconomic development stages.A semi-structured questionnaire with 87 socioeconomic and environmental questions was *** regression model was created to assess the odds ratio(OR)with P value and 95%confidence intervals(CI).RESULTS Predictive variables for both diseases(CD and UC)were women[odd ratios(OR)=1.31;OR=1.69],low monthly family income(OR=1.78;OR=1.57),lower number of cohabitants(OR=1.70;OR=1.60),absence of vaccination(OR=3.11;OR=2.51),previous history of bowel infections(OR=1.78;OR=1.49),and family history of IBD(OR=5.26;OR=3.33).Associated risk factors for CD were age(18-39 years)(OR=1.73),higher educational level(OR=2.22),absence of infectious childhood diseases(OR=1.99).The UC predictive variables were living in an urban area(OR=1.62),inadequate living conditions(OR=1.48)and former smokers(OR=3.36).Appendectomy was a risk factor for CD(OR=1.58)with inverse association with UC(OR=4.79).Consumption of treated and untreated water was associated with risk of CD(OR=1.38)and UC(OR=1.53),*** This is the first examining environmental exposures as risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease in *** of the variables associated with disease risk support the role of the hygiene hypothesis in IBD development.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Risk factors Environmental factors Hygiene hypothesis

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