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Species of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex associated with anthracnose diseases of Proteaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 89-105页

作者： Fang Liu Ulrike Damm Lei Cai pedro w.crous State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Biology MicrobiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CH UtrechtThe Netherlands CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University and Research Centre(WUR)Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands

Anthracnose disease of Proteaceae has in the past chiefly been attributed to infections by C.acutatum,C.boninense and C.gloeosporioides.In the present study,a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis(ACT,CAL,CHS-1,GAPDH,GS,ITS,TUB2)revealed that strains of the C.gloeosporioides complex associated with Proteaceae belong to at least six species.These include C.alienum,C.aotearoa,C.kahawae(subsp.ciggaro),C.siamense,and two new taxa,C.proteae and C.grevilleae.The most economically important pathogen of Proteaceae seems to be C.alienum,and not C.gloeosporioides as previously reported.All taxa associated with Proteaceae are morphologically described on different media in culture,except strains of C.siamense,which proved to be sterile.Furthermore,C.populi is synonymised with C.aenigma.

关键词： Ascomycota Colletotrichum Morphology Phylogeny Systematics

Phyllosticta species associated with freckle disease of banana

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 173-187页

作者： Mee-Hua wong pedro w.crous Juliane Henderson Johannes Z.Groenewald Andre Drenth School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Centre for Plant Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandEcosciences PrecinctGPO Box 46BrisbaneQueensland 4001Australia Department of Agriculture SarawakAgriculture Research CentreSemongokP.O.Box 97793720KuchingSarawakMalaysia CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 851673508 ADUtrechtThe Netherlands Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University and Research Centre(WUR)Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PBWageningenThe Netherlands Microbiology Department of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtThe Netherlands

The identity of the casual agent of freckle disease of banana was investigated.The pathogen is generally referred to in literature under its teleomorphic name,Guignardia musae,or that of its purported anamorph,Phyllosticta musarum.Based on morphological and molecular data from a global set of banana specimens,several species were found associated with freckle disease.Phyllosticta maculata(from Southeast Asia and Oceania)is introduced as a new name for Guignardia musae,and an epitype is designated from Australia.Phyllosticta musarum(from India and Thailand)is shown to represent a distinct species,and the name is fixed by designation of an epitype from India.Guignardia stevensii is confirmed as distinct species from Hawaii,while Guignardia musicola from northern Thailand is shown to contain different taxa and is regarded as nomen confusum.Phyllosticta cavendishii is described as a new,widely distributed species,appearing primarily on Cavendish,but also on non-Cavendish banana cultivars.

关键词： Freckle disease of Musa Phyllosticta Taxonomy

The Colletotrichum orbiculare species complex: Important pathogens of field crops and weeds

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 29-59页

作者： Ulrike Damm Paul F.Cannon Fang Liu Robert w.Barreto Eduardo Guatimosim pedro w.crous CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Royal Botanic Gardens KewRichmond TW93ABUK State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Departamento de Fitopatologia Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-000Brazil Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University and Research Centre(WUR)Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands

Colletotrichum orbiculare causes anthracnose of Cucurbitaceae and is phylogenetically closely related to pathogens of several other herbaceous hosts belonging to the Asteraceae,Fabaceae and Malvaceae.Most of them are known for their hemibiotrophic infection strategy and as destructive pathogens either of field crops or weeds.In order to study the phylogenetic relationships of these fungi,a multilocus analysis(ITS,GAPDH,CHS-1,HIS3,ACT,TUB2,GS)of 42 strains of C.orbiculare and related species was conducted.The analysis resulted in nine clades that confirmed the four species previously known as belonging to this species complex,C.lindemuthianum,C.malvarum,C.orbiculare and C.trifolii,and recognised four new species from weeds,namely C.bidentis,C.sidae,C.spinosum and C.tebeestii.The name C.orbiculare itself is widely used in plant pathology and science,but is invalid according to current nomenclatural rules.Therefore we described a new species with the same epithet and a type specimen that agrees with our current understanding of this species,and is linked to a living culture.Following the recent epitypification of C.lindemuthianum,we chose appropriate specimens with associated strains to serve as epitypes of C.malvarum and C.trifolii,and selected an authentic specimen of C.trifolii as lectotype.

关键词： Ascomycota Host specificity Morphology Phylogeny Systematics

A multi-locus phylogenetic evaluation of Diaporthe (Phomopsis)

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 157-171页

作者： Dhanushka Udayanga Xingzhong Liu pedro w.crous Eric H.C.McKenzie Ekachai Chukeatirote Kevin D.Hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo 31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CTUtrechtThe Netherlands Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

The genus Diaporthe(Phomopsis)includes important plant pathogenic fungi with wide host ranges and geographic distributions.In the present study,phylogenetic species recognition in Diaporthe is re-evaluated using a multi-locus phylogeny based on a combined data matrix of rDNA ITS,and partial sequences from the translation elongation factor 1-α(EF 1-α),βtubulin(TUB)and calmodulin(CAL)molecular markers.DNA sequences of available extype cultures have been included,providing a multi-locus backbone tree for future studies on Diaporthe.Four utilizable loci were analyzed individually and in combination,and ITS,EF 1-αand multi-locus phylogenetic trees are presented.The phylogenetic tree inferred by combined analysis of four loci provided the best resolution for species as compared to single gene analysis.Notes are provided for nine species previously known in Phomopsis that are transferred to Diaporthe in the present study.The unraveling of cryptic species complexes of Diaporthe based on Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition(GCPSR)is emphasized.

关键词： Ex-type culture Host diversity Mating types Molecular systematics New combination Phytopathogen Species recognition Taxonomy

Phyllosticta capitalensis,a widespread endophyte of plants

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 91-105页

作者： Saowanee wikee Lorenzo Lombard pedro w.crous Chiharu Nakashima Keiichi Motohashi Ekachai Chukeatirote Siti A.Alias Eric H.C.McKenzie Kevin D.Hyde School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangrai 57100Thailand CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Microbiology Department of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CH UtrechtThe Netherlands Laboratory of Phytopathology Wageningen University and Research Centre(WUR)Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands Graduate School of Bioresources Mie UniversityKurima-machiya 1577TsuMie 514-8507Japan Electron Microscope Center Tokyo University of AgricultureSakuraoka 1-1-1SetagayaTokyo 156-8502Japan Institute Ocean and Earth Sciences Institute for Postgraduate StudiesUniversity MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Landcare Research Private Bag 92170Auckland Mail CentreAuckland 1142New Zealand

Phyllosticta capitalensis is an endophyte and weak plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution presently known from 70 plant families.This study isolated P.capitalensis from different host plants in northern Thailand,and determined their different life modes.Thirty strains of P.capitalensis were isolated as endophytes from 20 hosts.An additional 30 strains of P.capitalensis from other hosts and geographic locations were also obtained from established culture collections.Phylogenetic analysis using ITS,ACTand TEF gene data confirmed the identity of all isolates.Pathogenicity tests with five strains of P.capitalensis originating from different hosts were completed on their respective host plants.In all cases there was no infection of healthy leaves,indicating that this endophyte does not cause disease on healthy,unstressed host plants.That P.capitalensis is often isolated as an endophyte has important implications in fungal biology and plant health.Due to its endophytic nature,P.capitalensisis commonly found associated with lesions of plants,and often incorrectly identified as a species of quarantine importance,which again has implications for trade in agricultural and forestry production.

关键词： Guignardia Leaf spot Morphology Molecular phylogeny Quarantine

A phylogenetic and taxonomic re-evaluation of the Bipolaris - Cochliobolus - Curvularia Complex

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 131-144页

作者： Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Lei Cai Eric H.C.McKenzie pedro w.crous Hugo Madrid Ekachai Chukeatirote Roger G.Shivas Yu Pei Tan Kevin D.Hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtNetherlands Department of Agriculture Fisheries and ForestryPlant Pathology Herbarium(BRIP)Plant Biosecurity ScienceGPO Box 267BrisbaneQLD 4001Australia

Three genera,Cochliobolus,Bipolaris and Curvularia form a complex that contains many plant pathogens,mostly on grasses(Poaceae)with a worldwide distribution.The taxonomy of this complex is confusing as frequent nomenclatural changes and refinements have occurred.There is no clear morphological boundary between the asexual genera Bipolaris and Curvularia,and some species show intermediate morphology.we investigated this complex based on a set of ex-type cultures and collections from northern Thailand.Combined gene analysis of rDNA ITS(internal transcribed spacer),GPDH(glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase),LSU(large subunit)and EF1-α(translation elongation factor 1-α)shows that this generic complex divides into two groups.Bipolaris and Cochliobolus species clustered in Group 1 along with their type species,whereas Curvularia species(including species named as Bipolaris,Cochliobolus and Curvularia)clustered in Group 2,with its generic type.The nomenclatural conflict in this complex is resolved giving priority to the more commonly used established generic names Bipolaris and Curvularia.Modern descriptions of the genera Bipolaris and Curvularia are provided and species resolved in this study are transferred to one of these genera based on their phylogeny.

关键词： Anamorph Generic complex Neotype Nomenclature Pathogens Pseudocochliobolus

A multi-locus backbone tree for Pestalotiopsis, with a polyphasic characterization of 14 new species

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第5期56卷 95-129页

作者： Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Liang Dong Guo Lei Cai Ekachai Chukeatirote wen Ping wu Xiang Sun pedro w.crous D.Jayarama Bhat Eric H.C.McKenzie Ali H.Bahkali Kevin D.Hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Novozymes China 14 Xin Xi LuShangdi ZoneHaidian DistrictBeijing 100086People’s Republic of China CBS-KNAw Fungal Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 851673508 ADUtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Botany Goa UniversityPanajiGoa 403206India Landcare Research Private Bag92170AucklandNew Zealand College of Science Botany and Microbiology DepartmentKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

Pestalotiopsis is a taxonomically confused,pathogenic and chemically creative genus requiring a critical reexamination using a multi-gene phylogeny based on ex-type and ex-epitype cultures.In this study 40 isolates of Pestalotiopsis,comprised of 28 strains collected from living and dead plant material of various host plants from China were studied by means of morphology and analysis of ITS,β–tubulin and tef1 gene sequence data.Based on molecular and morphological data we describe 14 new species(Pestalotiopsis asiatica,P.chinensis,P.chrysea,P.clavata,P.diversiseta,P.ellipsospora,P.inflexa,P.intermedia,P.linearis,P.rosea,P.saprophyta,P.umberspora,P.unicolor and P.verruculosa)and three species are epitypified(P.adusta,P.clavispora and P.foedans).Of the 10 gene regions(ACT,β-tubulin,CAL,GPDH,GS,ITS,LSU,RPB 1,SSU and tef1)utilized to resolve cryptic Pestalotiopsis species,ITS,β–tubulin and tef1 proved to be the better markers.The other gene regions were less useful due to poor success in PCR amplification and/or in their ability to resolve species boundaries.As a single gene tef1 met the requirements for an ideal candidate and functions well for species delimitation due to its better species resolution and PCR success.Althoughβ-tubulin showed fairly good differences among species,a combination of ITS,β-tubulin and tef1 gene data gave the best resolution as compared to single gene analysis.This work provides a backbone tree for 22 ex-type/epitypified species of Pestalotiopsis and can be used in future studies of the genus.

关键词： β-tubulin Epitype ITS Phylogeny Saprobe tef1

部分子囊菌及半知菌的分子系统学研究(英文)

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部分子囊菌及半知菌的分子系统学研究(英文)

Taxonomy and phylogeny of cercosporoid fungi（Mycosphaerellaceae） from China 1

中国菌物学会第三届会员代表大会暨全国第六届菌物学学术讨...

作者：康冀川 Kevin D.HYDE pedro w.crous 贵州省农业生物工程重点实验室香港大学生态与分类系真菌多样性研究中心南非斯特仑波大学植物病理系

＜正＞ The Amphisphaeriaceae are placed in the Xylariales, Ascomycotina （Hawksworth et al., 1995）. The phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences of 18S and 5.8S rRNA gene and the flanking ITS region has revealed that A... 详细信息

关键词： Ascomycetes Mitosporic fungi Molecular systematics Histone gene β-tubulin gene ITS Morphological studies.

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Taxonomy and phylogeny of cercosporoid fungi（Mycosphaerella...