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Merits and limitations of TiO2-based photocatalytic pretreatment of soils impacted by crude oil for expediting bioremediation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 387-394页

作者： Yu Yang Hassan javed Danning Zhang Deyi Li Roopa Kamath Kevin McVey Kanwartej Sra pedro j.j. alvarez Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Chevron Energy Technology Company Houston TX 77002 USA

Heavy hydrocarbons （HHCs） in soils impacted by crude oil spills are generally recalcitrant to biodegrada- tion due to their low bioavailability and complex chemical structure. In this study, soils were pretreated with varying concentrations of ultraviolet radiation A （UVA） or ultraviolet radiation C （UVC） activated titanium dioxide （TiO2）（1%-5%） under varying moisture conditions （0%- 300% water holding capacity （WHC）） to enhance biodegradation of HCCs and shorten remediation time- frames. We demonstrate that pretreatment of impacted soils with UVC-activated TiO2 in soil slurries could enhance bioremediation of HHCs. Total petroleum hydrocarbon （TPH） removal after 24 h exposure to UVC （254 nm and 4.8 mW/cm2） was （19.15：1.6）% in slurries with 300% WHC and 5 wt-% TiO2. TPH removal was non-selective in the C15-C36 range and increased with moisture content and TiO2 concentration. In a 10-d bioremediation test, TPH removal in treated soil increased to （26.05：0.9）%, compared to （15.45：0.8）% for controls without photo- catalytic pre-treatment. Enhanced biodegradation was also confirmed by respirometry. This suggests that addition of UVC-activated TiO2 to soil slurries can transform recalcitrant hydrocarbons into more bioavailable and biodegradable byproducts and increase the rate of subsequent biodegradation. However, similar results were not observed for soils pretreated with UVA activated TiO2. This suggests that activation of TiO2 by sunlight and direct addition of TiO2 to unsaturated soils within landfarming setting may not be a feasible approach. Nevertheless, less than 1% of UVA （7.5 mW/cm2） or UVC （1.4 mW/cm2） penetrated beyond 0.3 cm soil depth, indicating that limited light penetration through soil would hinder the ability of TiO2 to enhance soil bioremediation under land farming conditions.

关键词： ZiO2 pretreatment bioremediation total petroleum hydrocarbons ultraviolet

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Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Erica Gobbi pedro L.Valenzuela Simon j.Bennett Pierluigi Aschieri Manuel Martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar Martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Department of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian judo WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for the Behavioural Sciences Department Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 years.Methods:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,respectively.Outcomes included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;p0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school children.The results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic performance Cardiorespiratory fitness Conduct problems Karate Physical fitness

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Molecular signature of soil organic matter under different land uses in the Lake Chaohu Basin

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Eco-Environment & Health 2022年第4期1卷 212-218页

作者： Han Gao Huixin Li Chen Lin pedro j.j.alvarez Caroline A.Masiello Dongqiang Zhu Ao Kong Xiaolei Qu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Finance Nanjing University of Finance and EconomicsNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control Nanjing Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaNanjing 210042China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rice UniversityHouston TX 77005USA Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary SciencesRice UniversityHouston TX 77005USA School of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The concentration and molecular composition of soil organic matter(SOM)are important factors in mitigation against climate change as well as providing other ecosystem services.Our quantitative understanding of how land use influences SOM molecular composition and associated turnover dynamics is limited,which underscores the need for high-throughput analytical approaches and molecular marker signatures to clarify this etiology.Combining a high-throughput untargeted mass spectrometry screening and molecular markers,we show that forest,farmland and urban land uses result in distinct molecular signatures of SOM in the Lake Chaohu Basin.Molecular markers indicate that forest SOM has abundant carbon contents from vegetation and condensed organic carbon,leading to high soil organic carbon(SOC)concentration.Farmland SOM has moderate carbon contents from vegetation,and limited content of condensed organic carbon,with SOC significantly lower than that of forest soils.Urban SOM has high abundance of condensed organic carbon markers due to anthropogenic activities but relatively low in markers from vegetation.Consistently,urban soils have the highest black carbon/SOC ratio among these land uses.Overall,our results suggested that the molecular signature of SOM varies significantly with land use in the Lake Chaohu Basin,influencing carbon dynamics.Our strategy of molecular fingerprinting and marker discovery is expected to enlighten further research on SOM molecular signatures and cycling dynamics.

关键词： High-throughput untargeted mass spectrometry screening Mass spectrum processing algorithm Soil organic matter Molecular signature Land use

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Exploring the size of Andean condor foraging groups along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Tropical Andes: Ecological and conservation implications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： Diego Mendez Felix Hernan Vargas joséHernan Sarasola pedro P.Oleaa Departamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The Peregrine Fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro para el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves Rapaces en Argentina(CECARA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de La Pampa(INCITAP-CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

Patterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging groups,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle explored despite strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group provides.We documented the group size-frequency pattern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryphus gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses experimentally placed in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m asl.Based on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging groups,we examined the relationship between their size and species'population parameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and predictability.Condors utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming groups that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shaped a"lazy-j curve"typical pattern of size-frequency distribution whereby few groups(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(<19 individuals).Group size related to altitude in that most larger groups formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger groups are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower elevations.Regardless of population size,group size could be an adaptive response of condors via local enhancement for improving individual scavenging efficiency.Many information gaps on this topic still exist,thus we provide a set of questions to address them,especially amidst the unrestricted impacts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group size scavenger social foraging vultures.

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Thermal Treatment of Hydrocarbon-Impacted Soils＂ A Review of Technology Innovation for Sustainable Remediation

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Engineering 2016年第4期2卷 426-437页

作者： julia E. Vidonish Kyriacos Zygourakis Caroline A. Masiello Gabriel Sabadell pedro j. j. alvarez Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rice University Houston IX 77005 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Earth Science Rice University Houston IX 77005 USA Chevron Energy Technology Company Houston IX 77002 USA

在受烃污染的土壤和底泥的修复处理工艺中,热处理工艺因其能快速且稳定地达到修复标准而占有重要地位。然而,持续高温属于能源密集型操作,且可破坏土壤性质,因此尽管此工艺被广泛应用,关于这些工艺的环境兼容性和可持续性却极少被报道... 详细信息

在受烃污染的土壤和底泥的修复处理工艺中,热处理工艺因其能快速且稳定地达到修复标准而占有重要地位。然而,持续高温属于能源密集型操作,且可破坏土壤性质,因此尽管此工艺被广泛应用,关于这些工艺的环境兼容性和可持续性却极少被报道。鉴于此,我们对几个针对烃污染土壤的常用热处理工艺进行了概述,对它们的潜在环境影响进行了评估;并基于能源需求、水需求、系统生态和土壤科学的全面考虑,提出了可持续且影响较小的发展框架。至今还没有一种通用适合的热处理工艺。工艺的恰当选择要根据污染状况(包括环境中存在的烃种类)和场地特征(如被污染土壤的性质、水含量和热敏性)而定。总之,处理工程与土壤科学、生态系统和植物生物学研究的有机结合是攻克技术瓶颈、提高去除率和促进热处理工艺可持续性发展的关键所在。

关键词：热处理技术土壤性质技术创新修复生态系统生态学受污染土壤碳氢化合物述评

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A new oxidative pathway of nitric oxide production from oximes in plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 178-198页

作者： pedro Lopez-Gomez javier Buezo Marina Urra Alfonso Cornejo Raquel Esteban jorge Fernandez de los Reyes Estibaliz Urarte Estefania Rodriguez-Dobreva Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia Alejandro Eguaras Sebastian Wolf Daniel Marino Victor Martinez-Merino jose F.Moran Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology(IMAB) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Avda.de Pamplona 12331192 MutilvaSpain Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics(INAMAT2) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Campus de Arosadia31006 PamplonaSpain Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Sarriena s/nApdo.64448080 BilbaoSpain Center for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP) University of TubingenGeschwister-Scholl-Platz72074 TubingenGermany Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca(IRNASA) Department of Plant-Microorganism InteractionsSpanish National Research Council(CSIC)Cordel de Merinas40-5237008SalamancaSpain Department of Biochemistry Area of Molecular BiologyVeterinary FacultyUniversity of LeonCampus de Vegazanas/n.24071 LeonSpain

Nitric oxide(NO)is an essential reactive oxygen species and a signal molecule in plants.Although several studies have proposed the occurrence of oxidative NO production,only reductive routes for NO production,such as the nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))-upper-reductase pathway,have been evidenced to date in land plants.However,plants grown axenically with ammonium as the sole source of nitrogen exhibit contents of nitrite and NO3−,evidencing the existence of a metabolic pathway for oxidative production of NO.We hypothesized that oximes,such as indole-3-acetaldoxime(IAOx),a precursor to indole-3-acetic acid,are intermediate oxidation products in NO synthesis.We detected the production of NO from IAOx and other oximes catalyzed by peroxidase(POD)enzyme using both 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorescein fluorescence and chemiluminescence.Flavins stimulated the reaction,while superoxide dismutase inhibited it.Interestingly,mouse NO synthase can also use IAOx to produce NO at a lower rate than POD.We provided a full mechanism for POD-dependent NO production from IAOx consistent with the experimental data and supported by density functional theory calculations.We showed that the addition of IAOx to extracts from Medicago truncatula increased the in vitro production of NO,while in vivo supplementation of IAOx and other oximes increased the number of lateral roots,as shown for NO donors,and a more than 10-fold increase in IAOx dehydratase expression.Furthermore,we found that in vivo supplementation of IAOx increased NO production in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants,while prx33-34 mutant plants,defective in POD33-34,had reduced production.Our data show that the release of NO by IAOx,as well as its auxinic effect,explain the superroot phenotype.Collectively,our study reveals that plants produce NO utilizing diverse molecules such as oximes,POD,and flavins,which are widely distributed in the plant kingdom,thus introducing a long-awaited oxidative pathway to NO production in plants.This knowledge has essential implications for und

关键词： ammonium oxidation auxin nitric oxide oxime peroxidase root phenotype

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Unintended Consequences of Silver Nanoparticle Releases: Mechanistic Insights from Microbiology

Unintended Consequences of Silver Nanoparticle Releases: Mec...

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全国环境纳米技术及生物效应学术研讨会

作者： pedro j.j.alvarez Dept.of Civil ＆ Environmental Engineering Rice University

As a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） are by far the most widely commercialized nanomaterial;about one-quarter of about 1500 nanotechnology-enhanced commercial products contain AgNPs. Thus, it is important to consider the unintended consequences of accidental and incidental releases of AgNPs to the environment and to sewage treatment plants. This presentation will address how AgNPs may affect ecosystem productivity and critical microbial ecosystem services, including biological treatment processes. We will also discern whether AgNPs exert direct "particle-specific" effects beyond the known antimicrobial activity of released silver ions（Ag+）, which is critical to understand how water chemistry affects nanoparticle bioavailability, reactivity and toxicity. Differential effects of AgNPs on bacterial gene expression and activities associated with the nitrogen cycle will also be discussed in the context of water quality. Counterintuitive effects of sub-lethal exposure to AgNPs on microbial viability and biofilm formation will also be presented. Finally, the results will be integrated to infer on how to steward safer and eco-responsible nanotechnology.

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A noncoding secret to stay young—protecting T_(reg)cells to keep the balance in the liver

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2694-2696页

作者： Hiep Tai Nguyen pedro j.Batista Laboratory of Cell Biology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesda MD 20892 USA

The liver plays a crucial role in maintaining whole-body metabolic homeostasis and harbors a distinct immune environment(Robinson et al.,2016).However,during the aging process,the liver undergoes structural and functional changes that can disrupt the delicate balance between the immune system and liver function.These age-related alterations can lead to increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases,including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and impairments in immune cell regulation and tissue repair(Albillos et al.,2022;Anstee et al.,2019).

关键词： al. alterations homeostasis

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The RNA Modification N^6-methyladenosine and Its Implications in Human Disease

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第3期15卷 154-163页

作者： pedro j.Batista Laboratory of Cell Biology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesda MD 20892USA

Impaired gene regulation lies at the heart of many disorders, including developmental diseases and cancer. Furthermore, the molecular pathways that control gene expression are often the target of cellular parasites, such as viruses. Gene expression is controlled through multiple mechanisms that are coordinated to ensure the proper and timely expression of each gene. Many of these mechanisms target the life cycle of the RNA molecule, from transcription to translation. Recently, another layer of regulation at the RNA level involving RNA modifications has gained renewed interest of the scientific community. The discovery that N6-methyladenosine （m6A）, a mod- ification present in mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, can be removed by the activity of RNA demethylases, launched the field of epitranscriptomics; the study of how RNA function is regulated through the addition or removal of post-transcriptional modifications, similar to strategies used to regulate gene expression at the DNA and protein level. The abundance of RNA post-transcriptional modifications is determined by the activity of writer complexes （methylase） and eraser （RNA demethylase） proteins. Subsequently, the effects of RNA modifications materialize as changes in RNA structure and/or modulation of interactions between the modified RNA and RNA binding proteins or regulatory RNAs. Disruption of these pathways impairs gene expression and cellular function. This review focuses on the links between the RNA modification m6A and its implications in human diseases.

关键词： N6-methyladenosine Epitranscriptomics Cancer Viral replication Metabolic disease

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Boosting energy-storage capability in carbon-based supercapacitors using low-temperature water-in-salt electrolytes

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 521-530,I0013页

作者： joao pedro A.Santos Manuel j.Pinzón érick A.Santos Rafael Vicentini Cesar j.B.Pagan Leonardo M.Da Silva Hudson Zanin Brazilian Renewable Energies Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasSao Paulo 13083-852Brazil Department of Semiconductors Instruments and PhotonicsSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasSao Paulo 13083-852Brazil Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Electrochemistry Department of ChemistryFederal University of Jequitinhonha e Mucuri’s ValleyMinas Gerais 39100-000Brazil

Supercapacitors(SCs) are high-power energy storage devices with ultra-fast charge/discharge properties.SCs using concentrated aqueous-based electrolytes can work at low temperatures due to their intrinsic properties, such as higher freezing point depression(FPD) and robustness. Besides the traditional organic-and aqueous-based(salt-in-water) electrolytes used in SCs, water-in-salt(WISE) sodium perchlorate electrolytes offer high FPD, non-flammability, and low-toxicity conditions, allowing the fabrication of safer, environmentally friendly, and more robust devices. For the first time, this work reports a comprehensive study regarding WISE system’s charge-storage capabilities and physicochemical properties under low-temperature conditions(T < 0 ℃) using mesoporous carbon-based electrodes. The effect of temperature reduction on the electrolyte viscosity and electrical properties was investigated using different techniques and the in-situ(or operando) Raman spectroscopy under dynamic polarization conditions.The cell voltage, equivalent series resistance, and specific capacitance were investigated as a function of the temperature. The cell voltage(U) increased ~ 50%, while the specific capacitance decreased ~20%when the temperature was reduced from 25 ℃ to -10 ℃. As a result, the maximum specific energy(E = CU^(2)/2) increased ~ 100%. Therefore, low-temperature WISEs are promising candidates to improve the energy-storage characteristics in SCs.

关键词： Carbon supercapacitors Water-in-salt electrolytes Low-temperature charge-storage Specific energy improvement at low temperatures

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