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Gamma Photon Column Scanning of Prototype and Industrial Distillation Columns

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2023年第3期11卷 476-492页

作者： Witness Chirume joseph Simpson Dongo Caven Dzingai Robin Tinavo Mashingaidze Stanford Mudono Rachad Alami peter Baricholo Applied Physics Department National University of Science and Technology (NUST) Bulawayo Zimbabwe Chemical Engineering Department National University of Science and Technology (NUST) Bulawayo Zimbabwe Instrumentation and Industrial Applications National Centre of Nuclear Energy Sciences and Techniques (CNESTEN) Rabat Morocco

Monte Carlo simulation of gamma photon transport and interaction with the distillation column and its contents was performed in order to predict the effects of gamma photons when they interact with matter. The results of the interaction and transport of gamma photons are presented as energy deposition on the distillation column and its contents. Energy attenuation was more pronounced on the column walls and trays as compared to the region between the trays, where there is mostly vapour space. Gamma column scanning was then used to verify the Monte Carlo simulation results by scanning and investigating the integrity of two laboratory prototype distillation and industrial distillation columns. One of the prototype distillation columns was 1 m tall with four trays and the other one was 1.8 m tall consisting of six trays and a packed bed. Commonly encountered distillation column malfunctions such as collapsed tray, weeping, flooding and foaming were simulated in the two prototype distillation columns and scanned. The industrial distillation column was a 26 m tall benzole prefractionator column, consisting of 60 single pass trays and a diameter of 0.8 m. A 10 mCi 60Co gamma radiation source and NaI(Tl) scintillation detector were used to scan the distillation columns. The results from the two prototypes showed that all the simulated malfunctions were clearly detected except for foaming. The results from industrial distillation column showed that all the trays were in their correct position although tray number 32 could be partially damaged and just below tray 41, the scan revealed that there was a loss of column wall thickness. The obtained density profile for the industrial distillation column showed some small variations from the expected density profile and this was attributed to external features on the distillation column and wind bursts that shifted the source and detector from the chosen scan line orientation.

关键词： Gamma Photon Transport Distillation Column Malfunctions Monte Carlo Simulation

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Solid Waste Dumping Site Selection Using GIS and Remote Sensing for Kajiado County, Kenya

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2014年第11期4卷 693-702页

作者： Titus Mugi Ng'ang'a Wachira peter Muturi Kimenju John Wangai Wango Tim Joash Ndungu joseph Matheri Department of Geospatial and Space Technology University ofNairobi Nairobi Kenya School of Biological Sciences University of Nairobi Kenya Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection University of Nairobi Kenya Department of Geomatic and Geospatial Information Systems Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology NairobiKenya Department of Geospatial and Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Solid waste dumping is a hectic problem in urban and developing areas due to shortage of land for the purpose. The main objective of this study was to select potential areas for suitable solid waste dumping for Kajiado County, Kenya. Eight input map layers including DEM （digital elevation model）, topography, urban settlement, roads, wetlands, rivers, forests and protected areas were prepared and MCDA （Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Methods） were implemented in a GIS （geographic information systems） environment. GIS, RS （remote sensing） and MDCA are powerful tools which can effectively be applied during the planning phase of solid waste management in order to avoid adverse catastrophes in future. The final suitability map was prepared by weighted overlay analyses and leveled as the most suitable, moderate suitable, less suitable and unsuitable areas. The area of each suitability level was calculated using spatial statistics. Polygons representing the most suitable sites were further analyzed in terms of area perimeter ratio in order to investigate the most suitable areas in terms of shape regularity. The leading four polygons considered were marked A, B, C, D respectively in the final map. This study showed that suitable areas for solid waste landfills were limited and scattered in the study area.

关键词： Solid waste dumping geographic information system remote sensing multi criteria decision analysis

Mechanisms oftoothdamageand Paranthropus dietary reconstruction

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2018年第3期4卷 73-78页

作者： Paul joseph Constantino Oscar Borrero-Lopez Brian R.Lawn Department of Biology Saint Michael's CollegeColchesterVT 05439USA Departamento de Ingenieria Mecanica Energetica y de los MaterialesUniversidad de Extremadura06006 BadajozSpain Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburg MD 20899USA

According to the current fossil record,the extinct hominin genus Paranthropus and the genus Homo both first appeared~2.7 million years *** this similarity in geological age,Paranthropus evolved enormous postcanine teeth with very thick enamel while Homo evolved smaller *** from contact mechanics mode ls derived from mu ltiple scales of tooth damage(microwear,macrowear,and fracture)are reviewed to examine this evolutionary divergence and the role that diet may have played in *** scale of investigation reveals different kinds of evide nce that can be combined into a more complete picture of hominin diet and feeding beh *** owear reveals information about recent feeding events,while macrowear and fr acture record longer-term *** synthesis of all three levels of evidence exposes significant dietary diversity,not only between these two hominin genera but within them as *** Paranthropus,the eastern and southern African species(*** and ***,respectively)were morphologically similar but appear to have been functionally *** *** apparently used its teeth to consume large quantities of low qua lity vegetation,*** had a more varied diet that included harder objects,possibly items such as seeds,nuts,or underground storage organs.

关键词： quantities similarity damage

Expression of miR-15/107 Family MicroRNAs in Human Tissues and Cultured Rat Brain Cells

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2014年第1期12卷 19-30页

作者： Wang-Xia Wang Robert J.Danaher Craig S.Miller joseph R.Berger Vega G.Nubia Bernard S.Wilfred Janna H.Neltner Christopher M.Norris peter T.Nelson Sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA College of Dentistry University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Neurology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Pathology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40536USA

The miR-15/107 family comprises a group of 10 paralogous microRNAs （miRNAs）,sharing a 5＇ AGCAGC *** miRNAs have overlapping *** order to characterize the expression of miR-15/107 family miRNAs,we employed customized TaqMan Low-Density micro-fluid PCR-array to investigate the expression of miR-15/107 family members,and other selected miRNAs,in 11 human tissues obtained at autopsy including the cerebral cortex,frontal cortex,primary visual cortex,thalamus,heart,lung,liver,kidney,spleen,stomach and skeletal ***-103,miR-195 and miR-497 were expressed at similar levels across various tissues,whereas miR-107 is enriched in brain *** also examined the expression patterns of evolutionarily conserved miR-15/107 miRNAs in three distinct primary rat brain cell preparations （enriched for cortical neurons,astrocytes and microglia,respectively）.In primary cultures of rat brain cells,several members of the miR-15/107 family are enriched in neurons compared to other cell types in the central nervous system （CNS）.In addition to mature miRNAs,we also examined the expression of precursors （pri-miRNAs）.Our data suggested a generally poor correlation between the expression of mature miRNAs and their *** summary,we provide a detailed study of the tissue and cell type-specific expression profile of this highly expressed and phylogenetically conserved family of miRNA genes.

关键词： miR-16 miR-424 miR-503 miR-15 Normalization Target prediction

Omeprazole induces gastric transmucosal permeability to the peptide bradykinin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第9期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： Melissa Gabello Mary Carmen Valenzano E peter Zurbach James M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research 100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States Department of Biology Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Department of Chemistry Saint Joseph's University5600 City AvenuePhiladelphiaPA 19131United States Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital100 Lancaster AvenueWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIM:To investigate omeprazole-induced transepithelial gastric leak and its effects on the permeability of the peptides bradykinin and ***:Rat gastric corpus tissue was isolated and mounted in an Ussing chamber apparatus to evaluate the permeability of 3H-bradykinin,3H-oxytocin,and 14CEDTA in the presence or absence of *** chromatography was performed to identify any metabolic breakdown products of the peptides resulting from permeation through the gastric tissue,and thereby calculate the true flux of the ***:The flux rate ofintact 3H-bradykinin increased substantially after omeprazole addition (109.5%) compared to the DMSO vehicle control (14%).No corresponding change in flux ofintact 3H-oxytocin was observed under the same conditions (11.9% and 6.4% in the DMSO-and omeprazole-treated conditions,respectively).After exposure to omeprazole,the flux rate of 14C-EDTA also increased dramatically (122.3%) compared to the DMSO condition (36.3%).CONCLUSION:The omeprazole-induced gastric leak allows for transmucosal permeability to charged molecules as well as *** induced leak will allow certain peptides to permeate.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitor Paracellular Drug delivery Tight junction Transepithelial

Design and Implementation of a Single-Phase Energy Meter with SMS Controlled and Monitored Recharge Capability

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第9期10卷 534-539页

作者： Anthony Uwakhonye Adoghe Victor Olugbenga Matthews peter Aigboviosa Amaize joseph Oluwole Oloweni Timilehin Fiyinfoluwa Sanni Olayinka Ayo Department of Electrical and Information Engineering College of Engineering Covenant University PMB 1023 Ota Ogun StateNigeria

The Nigerian power sector is faced with poorly organized billing and consumer relations management. Tariff billing and collection has been a big problem in some community in Nigeria even with the introduction of prepaid meters. The process of payment is cumbersome and stressful as consumers have to go and pay in banks and then take tellers to power utility office to confirm their power bills payment before they can recharge their cards. The major purpose of this work is to design and implement a convenient, cashless, automated and transparent electricity metering, billing and payment system. This project combines the power electronic meter with a communications network which in this case is a GSM （global system for mobile） network. Remote electricity billing is a unique concept, in which the electricity board can collect the consumed units＇ data from consumer on mobile phone using GSM network. A unique property of this system is that, the electricity board can disconnect or reconnect consumers from remote location through the mobile phone. As this project works on GSM network, the system can be controlled from any part of the country.

关键词： Metering billing electricity board prepaid meter

Application of Geophysical Methods to Building Foundation Studies

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第9期4卷 1256-1266页

作者： Folahan peter Ibitoye Felix Vincent Ipinmoroti Mudasiru Salami Kunle joseph Akinluwade Adeyinka Taofeek Taiwo Adelana Rasaki Adetunji 1Department of Applied Geophysics Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria 2Prototype Engineering Development Institute National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Ilesa Nigeria 1Prototype Engineering Development Institute National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Ilesa Nigeria 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja Nigeria 1Prototype Engineering Development Institute National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Ilesa Nigeria 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Prototype Engineering Development Institute National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Ilesa Nigeria

A geophysical survey involving the electrical resistivity method utilizing the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Electrical Imaging Techniques was conducted around the premises of an area within south-western Nigeria with the aim of studying structural defects which may be responsible for future problems and characterizing the soil conditions of the site. A total of 15 VES stations were occupied using Schlumberger Configuration with AB/2 varying from 1 to 65 m. In the electrical imaging, dipole-dipole array was adopted and the two traverses were occupied in the S-N and E-W directions close to where wall cracks and subsurface problems were manifested. Five main geoelectric sequences were delineated within the study area;these include the topsoil (clay and sandy clay), lateritic clay, weathered bedrock (clay, sandy clay and clayey sand), fractured bedrock and fresh basement. A major discontinuity (fracture zone) was discovered along the S-N direction, while a weak zone was also discovered along E-W direction. The result of this research has shown that the causes of the cracks and distress on the walls within the site may have been influenced by the differential settlement resulting from the incompetent subsoil materials and the fractured bedrock on which the foundation of the building was laid.

关键词： Foundation Bedrock Basement Cracks Subsurface Instability

Ciclesonide Use in COVID-19: Not All Steroids Are the Same

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2021年第1期12卷 10-24页

作者： Michel Tagliati Marianna Leopoulou Jo Ann LeQuang Charles E. Wollmuth joseph V. Pergolizzi Kailyn Mitchell peter Magnusson Proactive Health Inc. Stockholm Sweden Cardiology Clinic Athens General Hospital “Elpis” Athens Greece NEMA Research Inc. Naples Florida USA Centre for Research and Development Region Gavleborg/Uppsala University Gavle Sweden Department of Medicine Cardiology Research Unit Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

Introduction: The inflammatory mechanisms of COVID-19 suggest that corticosteroids may be beneficial, but their benefits must outweigh their potential risks. The RECOVERY trial results suggest that dexamethasone 6 mg/day (but not other steroids) may confer mortality benefits on ventilated COVID-19 patients. Methods: This is a narrative review of the literature about the use of ciclesonide and dexamethasone for COVID-19 patients. Literature is being created rapidly and this review is offered as a state-of-the-science narration. Results: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is an RNA virus whose RNA is transcribed via open reading frames, making its elimination difficult. Coronaviruses have evolved multiple strategies for proteolytic activation of the spike;viral replication occurs entirely in the cytoplasm. In this connection, the RNA-cleaving endoribonuclease (NSP-15 also known as EndoU) may play a key role by facilitating viral double-stranded RNA recognition by the host’s macrophages. Furthermore, the virus is able to undergo RNA recombination rapidly, enabling it to evade host

关键词： Ciclesonide Coronavirus COVID-19 Dexamethasone SARS-CoV-2

Prospective Evaluation of Post-Traumatic Vasospasm and Post-Injury Functional Outcome Assessment: Is Cerebral Ischemia Going Unrecognized in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury?

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2017年第8期7卷 338-347页

作者： Cherisse Berry Jamila Torain joseph A. Kufera peter F. Hu Thomas M. Scalea Deborah M. Stein Program in Trauma University of Maryland School of Medicine R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center Baltimore MD USA

Background: Secondary injury processes such as posttraumatic vasospasm (PTV) play a critical role in the development of cerebral ischemia/infarction after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the incidence of cerebral vasospasm in patients with moderate to severe TBI and to assess post-injury functional outcome. Study Design: A prospective observational study was conducted in patients with moderate and severe blunt TBI. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound was performed within the first 72 hours and then daily for up to 7 days. Patient characteristics and outcome data including functional outcome as assessed by the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) were collected and compared between patients with and without PTV. Results: Twenty-three patients met our inclusion criteria. While there was a 47.8% incidence of vasospasm as detected by TCD, there was no significant difference in hospital LOS or mortality between patients with and without PTV. Of the two patients with PTV who died, both had a cerebral infarct or cerebral ischemia. In evaluating overall GOS-E among patients with a cerebral focal injury, patients with PTV had a significantly higher GOS-E score when compared to patients without PTV (8.0 vs. 6.8, p = 0.01). Conclusions: The high incidence of PTV and the role of clinically significant vasospasm after TBI remain unclear. While functional outcome was better in patients with a focal injury and vasospasm, patients who died had cerebral ischemia or infarction. We hypothesize that there is an interaction between impaired cerebral autoregulation, PTV and poor outcomes in patients with TBI.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Vasospasm Cerebral Ischemia