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Alpine tundra species phenology is mostly driven by climate-related variables rather than by photoperiod

Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第9期17卷 2081-2096页

作者： QUAGLIA Elena RAVETTO ENRI Simone perotti elisa PROBO Massimiliano LOMBARDI Giampiero LONATI Michele Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TorinoLargo Paolo Braccini 210095Grugliasco(To)Italy Grazing Systems AgroscopeRoute de Duillier 501260NyonSwitzerland

The study of plant phenology has frequently been used to link phenological events to various factors,such as temperature or *** the high-alpine environment,proper timing of the phenological cycle has always been crucial to overcome harsh conditions and potential extreme events(*** frosts)but little is known about the response dynamics of the vegetation,which could shape the alpine landscape in a future of changing *** tundra vegetation is composed by an array of species belonging to different phytosociological optima and with various survival strategies,and snowbed communities are a relevant expression of such an extreme-climate adapted *** set eight permanent plots with each one in a snowbed located on the Cimalegna plateau in Northwestern Italy and then we selected 10 most recurring species among our plots,all typical of the alpine tundra environment and classified in 3different pools:snowbed specialists,grassland species and rocky debris *** 3 years we registered the phenophases of each species during the whole growing season using an adaptation of the BBCH *** later focused on the three most biologically relevant phenophases,i.e.,flower buds visible,full flowering,and beginning of seed *** important season-related variables were chosen to investigate their relationship with the phenological cycle of the studied species:(i)the Day Of Year(DOY),the progressive number of days starting from the 1 st of January,used as a proxy of photoperiod,(ii)Days From Snow Melt(DFSM),selected to include the relevance of the snow dynamics,and(iii)Growing Degree Days(GDD),computed as a thermal *** analysis highlighted that phenological development correlated better with DFSM and GDD than with ***,models showed that DOY was always a worse predictor since it failed to overcome interannual variations,while DFSM and marginally GDD were better suited to predict the phenological development of most of the species,desp

关键词： Alpine plants Climate change Growing degree days Italian Alps Salix herbacea Snowbed vegetation

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Grazing Management Plans improve pasture selection by cattle and forage quality in sub-alpine and alpine grasslands

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第9期16卷 2126-2135页

作者： Marco PITTARELLO Massimiliano PROBO elisa perotti Michele LONATI Giampiero LOMBARDI Simone RAVETTO ENRI Department of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences University of Torino Grugliasco Italy Agroscope Grazing Systems 1260 Nyon 1 Switzerland

Over the last decades, the reduction of manpower for herd management has led to an increase of continuous grazing systems(CGS) in the Italian Alps, which allow cattle to roam freely. Under CGS, due to high selectivity, livestock exploit grasslands unevenly, over-and under-using specific areas at the same time with negative effects on their conservation. To counteract these effects, a specific policy and management tool(i.e. Grazing Management Plan) has been implemented by Piedmont Region since 2010. The Grazing Management Plans are based on the implementation of rotational grazing systems(RGS), with animal stocking rate adjusted to balance it with grassland carrying capacity. A case study was conducted on alpine summer pastures to test the 5-year effects produced by the implementation of a Grazing Management Plan in grasslands formerly managed under several years of CGS on 1) the selection for different vegetation communities by cattle, 2) the abundance of oligo-, meso-, and eutrophic plant species(defined according to Landolt N indicator value), and 3) forage yield, quality, and palatability. A total of 193 vegetation surveys were carried out in 2011 and repeated in 2016. Cows were tracked yearly with Global Positioning System collars to assess their grazing selectivity, and forage Pastoral Value(PV) was computed to evaluate forage yield, quality, and palatability. Five years after RGS implementation, cow selectivity significantly decreased and the preference for the different vegetation communities was more balanced than under CGS. The abundance of meso-and eutrophic species increased, whereas oligotrophic ones decreased. Moreover, the abundance of moderately to highly palatable plant species increased, whereas non-palatable plant species decreased, with a consequent significant enhancement of the PV. Our findings indicate that the implementation of Grazing Management Plans can be considered a sustainable and effective management tool for improving pasture selecti

关键词： Mountain GPS tracking Agricultural policies Livestock Pastoral Value Vegetation community

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DICE:An open-source MATLAB application for quantification and parametrization of digital outcrop model-based fracture datasets

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第5期15卷 1090-1110页

作者： Niccolò Menegoni Daniele Giordan Riccardo Inama Cesare perotti Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of PaviaPavia27100Italy National Research Council of Italy Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection(CNR-IRPI)Torino10135Italy Signal S.r.l. Via Fratelli Cuzio 42Pavia27100Italy

An open-source MATLAB application(app)named Discontinuity Intensity Calculator and Estimator(DICE)was developed in order to quantitatively characterize the fractures,or in more general,discontinuities within a rocky outcrop in three-dimensional(3D)digital data,such as digital outcrop model(DOM).The workflow proposed for the parametrization of the discontinuities consists of the following steps:(1)Analysis and mapping of the fractures detected within the 3D DOMs;(2)Calculation of the orientation,position and dimensions of discontinuities that are represented by best-fit circular planes;(3)Determining the discontinuity parameters(dimension,distribution,spacing and intensity)by the DICE algorithm using different 3D oriented sampling techniques(3D oriented scanline,3D oriented circular scan window and spherical scan volume).Different sampling methods were bench tested with a synthetic,as well as a natural case study,and compared in order to understand the advantages and limitations of each *** 3D oriented circular scan window appears to be the most effective method for fracture intensity estimation with high accuracy(error 0.4%)and stability with variations in scan radius.

关键词： Fracture parameter Discontinuity Fault Fracture intensity Linear fracture intensity(P10) Areal fracture intensity(P21) Volumetric fracture intensity(P32)

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Lack of functional link in the tadpole morphology induced by predators

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Current Zoology 2016年第3期62卷 227-235页

作者： Maria Gabriela perotti Mariana PUETA Fabian Gaston JARA Carmen Adria UBED Debora Lina MORENO AZOCAR Laboratorio de Fotobiologfa INIBIOMA CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue O.uintral 1250 Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina Departamento de Biologfa General. Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina Departamento de Zoologia INIBIOMA CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue Quintral 1250 8400 Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina

Most studies of predator-induced plasticity have focused on documenting how prey species re- spond to predators by modifying phenotypic traits and how traits correlate with fitness. We have previously shown that Pleurodema thaul tadpoles exposed to the dragonfly Rhionaeschna varie- gata responded strongly by showing morphological changes, less activity, and better survival than non-exposed tadpoles. Here, we tested whether there is a functional link between morphological plasticity and increased survival in the presence of predators. Tadpoles that experienced predation risk were smaller, less developed, and much less active than tadpoles without this experience. Burst speed did not correlate significantly with morphological changes and predator-induced deeper tails did not act as a lure to divert predator strikes away from the head. Although we have previously found that tadpoles with predator-induced morphology survive better under a direct predator threat, our results on the functional link between morphology and fitness are not conclu- sive. Our results suggest that in P. thaultadpoles （1） burst speed is not important to evade preda- tors, （2） those exposed to predators reduce their activity, and （3） morphological changes do not divert predator attacks away from areas that compromise tadpole survivalEE. Our results show that morphological changes in P. thaul tadpoles do not explain burst speed or lure attraction, al- though there was a clear reduction of activity, which itself reduces predation. We propose that changes in tadpole activity could be further analyzed from another perspective, with morphological change as an indirect product of behavior mediated by physiological mechanisms.

关键词： induced morphology lure effect predator exposure swimming performance tadpoles.

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Enhanced Frequency Resolution in Data Analysis

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2013年第3期3卷 242-251页

作者： Luca perotti Daniel Vrinceanu Daniel Bessis Department of Physics Texas Southern University Houston USA

We present a numerical study of the resolution power of Padé Approximations to the Z-transform, compared to the Fourier transform. As signals are represented as isolated poles of the Padé Approximant to the Z-transform, resolution depends on the relative position of signal poles in the complex plane i.e. not only the difference in frequency (separation in angular position) but also the difference in the decay constant (separation in radial position) contributes to the resolution. The frequency resolution increase reported by other authors is therefore an upper limit: in the case of signals with different decay rates frequency resolution can be further increased.

关键词： Frequency Resolution Z-Transform Padé Approximations

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热轧带材力学性能预测评估系统

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钢铁 2009年第1期44卷 87-90页

作者： Ananya Mukhopadhyay Andrea Polo Federico perotti 达涅利自动化公司

介绍了达涅利实时在线带卷质量预测评估(DANIELI-CQEOnline)系统模型组件。运用该系统针对低碳钢、高碳钢、高强度低合金钢进行了大量的力学性能预测评估,系统输出数值与实际检验结果进行了对比,结果显示预测评估数值与实验结果相当吻合。

关键词：热轧带卷力学性能预测系统

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Automation System Upgrading of Conventional Hot Strip Mills

Automation System Upgrading of Conventional Hot Strip Mills

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2007中国钢铁年会

作者： M.Castenetto U.De Siervo F. perotti Beta Steel Case

In January 2006,Beta Steel Corporation in Portage,Indiana-USA places an order to Danieli Wean United and Danieli Automation for the revamping of its Hot Strip Mill to meet the increasing market demands on product quality and coil tonnage. The upgrade of the HSM facilities(one two-high roughing and five four-high finishing stands)was aimed at improving final product quality by installing new descailing facilities and upgrading the Water Wall strip laminar cooling and at increasing mill production by installing new equipment,such as a rotary drum shear,WR changing system,downcoiler and walking beam coil conveyors and handling *** equipment was supplied in less than 12 months;two-phase mill upgrade required just 40 days of mill shutdown. DANIELI AUTOMATION had a important role in the success of the project,by providing a new process control automation system based on client-server architecture,allowing retrieval of rolling practices set-up,technological and production data,implementing new technological functions to improve the performances of the plant and the material quality. Beta Steel HSM modernization,a project that stands among others recent revamping references (Hadeed-Saudi Arabia,Cogne-Italy,Birmingham Steel-USA,...),to confirm DANIELI AUTOMATION capability to supply state of the art upgrades of automation system for existing rolling mills.

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玉米芯作微生物基质生产饲料蛋白

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国外畜牧学（饲料） 1990年第3期 15-17页

作者： NoraI.perotti 宋平

本文利用不同粒度级的碱处理玉米芯粉作为碳源,研究了纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas sp.)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)混合培养物的生长情况。结果表明,细粒度级(-25目)和粗粒度级玉米芯粉以及未用制粒机分级的玉米芯粉所产生的微生物... 详细信息

本文利用不同粒度级的碱处理玉米芯粉作为碳源,研究了纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas sp.)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)混合培养物的生长情况。结果表明,细粒度级(-25目)和粗粒度级玉米芯粉以及未用制粒机分级的玉米芯粉所产生的微生物蛋白没有什么差别。发酵产物的最终组成只随培养基中玉米芯浓度而变化。如果玉米芯浓度低,则生物质中的蛋白质含量高(65.0％),纤维含量低(0.67％),它适于作家禽饲料的蛋白质添加剂。当玉米芯的起始浓度增至60g/l时,最终产生的生物质含有较高的纤维(17.8％)和35.7％的蛋白质,可用作反刍动物饲料。

关键词：玉米芯微生物基质饲料蛋白

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Comparative study of chemistry compositions and antimicrobial potentials of essential oils and oleoresins from dried and fresh Mentha longifolia L.

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第12期 987-991页

作者： Sunita Singh Shiv Saran Das Gurdip Singh Marina perotti Carola Schuff César Catalán Chemistry Department DDU Gorakhpur UniversityGorakhpur273009UPIndia Inquinoa Conicet Instituto de Química Orgánica Facultad de Bioquímica Química y FarmaciaUniversidad Nacional de TucumánS.M.de Tucumán T4000INIArgentina

Objective:To investigate the chemical compositions and antimicrobial potentials of the essential oils and oleoresins obtained from fresh and dried Mentha longifolia ***:Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer techniques were used to determine the profiling of the essential oils and *** order to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of the volatile oil and oleoresins,the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus niger(1884),Aspergillus flavus(2479),Fusarium monoliforme(1893),Fusarium graminearum(2088)and Penicillium viridicatum(2007)were undertaken whereas four pathogenic bacteria Bacillus subtilis(1790),Staphylococcus aureus(3103)(Gram-positive),Escherichia coli(1672),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(1942)(Gram-negative)were selected for the present *** poisoned,inverted Petri plate,agar well diffusion and disk diffusion methods were employed for investigating antimicrobial ***:Piperitenone oxide,an oxygenated monoterpene,dominated the chemical compositions of essential oils and oleoresins whose compositions varied from 23.5%-87.8%.Both essential oils showed good antifungal activities against Aspergillus and Fusarium *** antibacterial investigations revealed that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the essential ***:Drying the fresh herbal materials influences the chemical contents and the biological activities of the essential oils and *** results indicate that essential oils of Mentha longifolia *** be possible candidates for further investigations to isolate and characterize their active principles as possible new natural preservatives.

关键词： Piperitenone Monoterpene Antimicrobial Food poisoned Inverted Petri plate

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Persistence and Impact of a PGPR on Microbial Communities of Biosolids and Soil Amended with Them

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第5期5卷 578-595页

作者： L. Fracchia E.B.R. perotti A. Pidello M. Rinaldi M.G. Martinotti Department of Chemical Food Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Drug and Food Biotechnology Centre Universityof Eastern Piedmont Novara 28100 Italy Laboratory of Biological Chemistry L FCV-Consejo de lnvestigaciones National University of Rosario Casilda Santa Fe 2170Argentina

Survival of the plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria （PGPR） strain Pseudomonasfluorescens 92 in two batches ofbiosolids and soil amended with them and functional and structural shifts occurring in the resident bacterial communities were assessed. Viability of the rifampicin resistant gfp-tagged P. fluorescens 92RTcgfp, inoculated in microcosms consisting of biosolids, soil amended with biosolids and soil, drastically decreased 3-7 days after inoculation in treatments containing biosolids and soil amended with them. The PGPR counts in biosolids were always lower than in soil throughout the experiment whereas, in soil amended with biosolids, were similar or higher depending on the batch of biosolid. Analysis of the community-level physiological profiling （CLPP） revealed a strong impact of the strain on the metabolic activities, as seen in a general uniformity of the inoculated microcosms profiles. According to single-strand conformation polymorphism （SSCP） analysis, the presence of the PGPR had no effect on the resident soil and biosolid eubacterial population, whereas it induced a transient shift in the composition of the resident pseudomonads. In conclusion, biosolids themselves are not suitable as inoculum vehicle for the PGPR nevertheless, their combined incorporation into soil increases the inoculum survival and buffers the competition effects with the resident communities.

关键词： Plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria bacterial communities inoculum survival biolog ecoplatestm single-strandconformation polymorphism.

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