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Clinical trials methodology: a new training programme for clinical trials investigators and sub-investigators

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 1997年第6期 72-76页

作者： Johan pe KARLBeRG, Wai Fan LUI\ (Department of Paediatrics and Clinical Trials Centre, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China) Keywords:\ training support clinical investigator clinical trials ethics research personnel education drug e

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Ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｔｒｉａｌｓｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｌｏｇｙ：ａｎｅｗｔｒａｉｎｉｎｇｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｆｏｒｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｔｒｉａｌｓｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｏｒｓａｎｄｓｕｂｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｏｒｓＪｏｈａｎＰＥＫＡＲＬＢＥＲＧ，ＷａｉＦａｎＬＵＩ（Ｄ...

关键词： programme and Clinical

高、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基等位变异对小麦加工品质性状的影响

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中国农业科学 2004年第1期37卷 8-14页

作者：刘丽周阳何中虎王德森张艳 pea R.J. 06600 6641 Apdo 中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所/国家小麦改良中心云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所北京100081 国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT) 北京100081 国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)中国办事处墨西哥昆明650205

以面包加工品质差异较大的普通小麦DH群体 (Pavon×Avocet) ,其等位变异位点为Glu A1(N和 2 )、Glu B1(7+8和 17+18)、Glu D1(2 +12和 5 +10 )、Glu A3(a和b)和Glu B3(b和h) ,研究了HMW GS和LMW GS等位变异对小麦加工品质的影响。结果... 详细信息

以面包加工品质差异较大的普通小麦DH群体 (Pavon×Avocet) ,其等位变异位点为Glu A1(N和 2 )、Glu B1(7+8和 17+18)、Glu D1(2 +12和 5 +10 )、Glu A3(a和b)和Glu B3(b和h) ,研究了HMW GS和LMW GS等位变异对小麦加工品质的影响。结果表明 ,HMW GS和LMW GS等位变异对籽粒蛋白质含量和SDS沉降值的影响未达显著水平 ,对和面时间与耐揉性的影响达 1%显著水平。按位点贡献大小排序 ,Glu D1>Glu B1>Glu B3>Glu A1>Glu A3;就单个亚基而言 ,在Glu A1位点N与 2 差异较小 ,在Glu B1位点 7+8>17+18,在Glu D1位点 5+10 >2 +12 ,Glu A3位点的GluA3a与GluA3b对小麦品质的效应差异不显著 ,在Glu B3位点GluB3b>GluB3h。亚基组合为 2 、7+8、5 +10、GluB3b和N、7+8、5 +10、GluB3b的DH系 ,其加工品质优良 ;亚基组合为 2 、17+18、2 +12和GluB3h的DH系 ,加工品质较差

关键词：普通小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基加工品质

冬播麦区Glu-1和Glu-3位点变异及1B/1R易位与小麦加工品质性状的关系

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中国农业科学 2005年第10期38卷 1944-1950页

作者：刘丽阎俊张艳何中虎 pea R.J. 张立平 06600 6-641 Apdo 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家小麦改良中心北京100081 北京100081 国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)中国办事处北京100089 北京市农林科学院杂交小麦工程技术研究中心北京100081 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT) 墨西哥昆明650205

贮藏蛋白组成是决定小麦加工品质的重要因素。本文调查了我国冬播麦区251份主栽品种和高代品系的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)和1B/1R易位的分布状况,研究了它们与加工品质性状的关系。结果表明,品质较... 详细信息

贮藏蛋白组成是决定小麦加工品质的重要因素。本文调查了我国冬播麦区251份主栽品种和高代品系的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)和1B/1R易位的分布状况,研究了它们与加工品质性状的关系。结果表明,品质较差的HMW-GSN、7+9、2+12和LMW-GSGlu-A3a与Glu-B3j(1B/1R易位)在冬播麦区分布较广,频率分别为39.4%、45.0%、59.8%、37.1%和44.6%。HMW-GS和LMW-GS等位变异对籽粒蛋白质含量影响较小,对SDS沉降值、和面时间与耐揉性的加性和互作效应达1%的显著水平。按位点对加工品质性状的贡献大小,Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-B1>Glu-A3>Glu-A1;就单个亚基而言,Glu-A1位点,1>2*>N;Glu-B1位点,7+8>14+15>7+9;Glu-D1位点,5+10>4+12>2+12;Glu-A3位点,Glu-A3d>Glu-A3a>Glu-A3c>Glu-A3e,Glu-B3位点;Glu-B3d>Glu-B3b>Glu-B3f>Glu-B3j。1B/1R易位对SDS沉降值、和面时间和耐揉性等加工品质性状有显著负面效应。通过选择优质高低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基和淘汰1B/1R易位系,将有助于提高我国小麦的面筋质量。

关键词：普通小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基 1B/1R易位加工品质

神经元蜡样质脂褐质沉积病(NCL)的基因型与表型相关性研究(英文)

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2006年第1期38卷 41-48页

作者： Weina JU Anetta WRONSKA Dorota N. MOROZIeWICZ Rocksheng ZHONG Natalia WISNIeWSKI Anna JURKIeWICZ Michael FIORY Krystyna e. WISNIeWSKI Lance johnston W. Ted BROWN Nanbert ZHONG SCL-Molecular Neurogenetic Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Human Genetics Department of Pathological Neurobiology Department of Infant Development New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities Staten Island NY Department of Neurology SUNY Downstate Health Center Brooklyn NY Summer Student Harvard University Boston MA Batten Disease Support and Research Association Columbus OH 北京大学医学遗传中心、北京大学基础医学院医学遗传学系北京100083

Objective:Genotype-phenotype associations were studied in 517 subjects clinically affected by classical neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL). Methods:Genetic loci CLN1-3 were analyzed in regard to age of onset, initial neurological symptoms, and electron microscope (eM) profiles. Results: The most common initial symptom leading to a clinical evaluation was developmental delay (30%) in NCL1, seizures (42.4%) in NCL2, and vision problems (53.5%) in NCL3. eighty-two percent of NCL1 cases had granular osmiophilic deposits (GRODs) or mixed-GROD-containing eM profiles; 94% of NCL2 cases had curvilinear (CV) or mixed-CV-containing profiles; and 91% of NCL3 had fingerprint (FP) or mixed-FP-containing profiles. The mixed-type.e. profile was found in approximately one-third of the NCL cases. DNA mutations within a specific CLN gene were further correlated with NCL phenotypes. Seizures were noticed to associate with common mutations 523G>A and 636C>T of CLN2 in NCL2 but not with common mutations 223G>A and 451C>T of CLN1 in NCL1. Vision loss was the initial symptom in all types of mutations in NCL3. Surprisingly, our data showed that the age of onset was atypical in 51.3% of NCL1 (infantile form) cases, 19.7% of NCL2 (late-infantile form) cases, and 42.8% of NCL3 (juvenile form) ***:Our data provide an overall picture regarding the clinical recognition of classical childhood NCLs. This may assist in the prediction and genetic identification of NCL1-3 via their characteristic clinical features.

关键词：神经元蜡样质脂褐质沉积病基因型表型基因 CLN 突变

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Adsorption of Pharmaceuticals and personal Care Products on Granular Activated Carbon

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Journal of Surface engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2016年第4期6卷 183-200页

作者： Nasly Y. Delgado Alberto L. Capparelli Damián J. Marino Agustín F. Navarro Gustavo A. peñuela Alicia e. Ronco Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP) La Plata Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas La Plata Argentina División Fisicoquímica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas UNLP La Plata Argentina Departamento de Ingeniería Química Facultad de Ingeniería UNLP La Plata Argentina Grupo GDCON Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia

We investigated the adsorption to granular activated carbon of two pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine and sildenafil citrate) and a personal-care product (methylparaben) in aqueous solution, characterized the carbon, and evaluated its influence on the kinetics and adsorption equilibrium of the compounds under study. We adjusted data for the analysis of equilibrium to Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption isotherms and described adsorption rate using pseudo first- and second-order models;that same analysis was made on the basis of the behavior of the initial rate. In addition, we analyzed the potentiality of a nonlinear adjustment for studying kinetics and equilibrium of adsorption, an approach requiring neither knowledge of equilibrium conditions nor a-priori hypothetical suppositions regarding the order of reaction. The results indicated that the nonlinear model was capable of describing adsorption kinetic behavior, in order to determine concentrations adsorbed at equilibrium, adsorption rates of the system, maximum adsorption capacity, and global rate constant. Granular carbon exhibited an adsorption capacity for carbamazepine and methylparaben of ca. 323 mg/g and for sildenafil citrate of ca. 142 mg/g, though with slow adsorption kinetics characterized by average adsorption times of at least 168 h.

关键词： Activated Carbon Carbamazepine Sildenafil Citrate Methylparaben Adsorption

Genetic and environmental control of fruit maturation,dry matter and firmness in apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.)

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 98-109页

作者： David Chagne Daya Dayatilake Robert Diack Murray Oliver Hilary Ireland Amy Watson Susan e Gardiner Jason W johnston Robert J Schaffer Stuart Tustin The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited(Plant&Food Research) Palmerston North Research CentrePalmerston NorthNew Zealand Plant&Food Research Hawke’s Bay Research CentreHavelock NorthNew Zealand Plant&Food Research Motueka Research CentreMotuekaNew Zealand Plant&Food Research Mount Albert Research CentreAucklandNew Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

For any given genotype,the environment in which an apple is grown can influence the properties of the fruit *** there has been extensive research on the mechanism of the genetic control of fruit quality traits,less effort has been made to investigate the way that these genetic mechanisms interact with the *** address this issue,we employed a large‘Royal Gala’×‘Braeburn’population of 572 seedlings replicated over sites in three climatically diverse apple-growing regions in New *** for traits including fruit maturation timing,firmness and dry matter content was performed at each of these three sites for a single growing season(2011),and at two sites(Motueka and Hawke’s Bay)for two seasons(2009 and 2010).The phenotype data collected over 2 years at two sites enabled the detection of 190 quantitative trait loci(QTL)that controlled these traits regardless of year or growing location,as well as some chromosomal loci that influenced the traits in a single given environment or *** those loci that were environmentally stable over three sites,there was an interdependency of fruit maturation date,dry matter content and storage potential within this population,with two regions on Linkage Groups(LGs)10 and 16 strongly *** these loci were used in a marker-assisted selection programme to select for progeny bearing firmer fruit,this would have the unintentional consequence of selecting,high dry matter content,later maturing *** addition,a further 113 new QTLs with a smaller effect were identified,some of which were exhibited only in a single growing environment,demonstrating the underlying complexity of control of traits determining fruit quality,in addition to the need for being aware of environmental effects when developing new apple varieties.

关键词： fir apple fruit

Tierexperimentelle Untersuchung zur effektivit tder transarteriellen Chemoembolisation unter einsatz von Poly-Laktide-co-Glykolide-Mikrosph ren

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2002年第4期22卷 346-349页

作者：钱骏 Rntgenabteilung

evaluierung der effektivit t von Poly- L aktide- co- Glykolide (PL CG ) - Mikrosph ren als em bolisationsm aterial in der transarteriellen Chem oem bolisation(TACe) im tierexperimentellen *** m nnlichen ACI- Ratten(n=11) erfolgte die Im plantation eines soliden Morris Hepatomas(1m m3) subkapsul r in den linken L eberlappen. 13Tage nach Implan- tation wurden die Tumorvolumina kernspintom ographisch bestim *** Tiere wurden in Thera- piegruppe (n =4 ) und Kontrollgruppe (n=7) geteilt. Nach L aparotomie und retrograder Ka- theterisierung der Arteria gastroduodenalis wurden 4 0 mg PL CG- Mikrosph ren und 0 ,0 5 m g Mit- omycin in Therapiegruppe,1,5 ml 0 ,9% Kochsalzl sung in Kontrollgruppe zum Vergleich *** effektivit tsbeurteilung der beiden Methoden erfolgte14 Tage nach Katheter- isierung eine erneute kernspintomographische Volumenbestimm ung der Tum *** deutliche Tumorvolumenzunahme von2 7,12 fache in Kontrollgruppe wurde im Beobachtungszeitraum gese- *** Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe zeigte die Therapiegruppe.e.ne sehr geringere Tumorvolu- menzunahme von 2 ,87fache im Beobachtungszeitraum . Die Tum orvolumenzunahm e zwischen der beiden Gruppen zeigten beim T- Test einen signifikanten U nterschied (Pes L ebertum ors wurde unter einsatz von PL CG- Mikrosph ren in der TACe im tierexperi- mentellen Modell deutlich gehemmt.

关键词： L eber Tumor TACe PL CG Mikrosph ren

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Highly efficient multi-metal catalysts for carbon dioxide reduction prepared from atomically sequenced metal organic frameworks

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 493-500页

作者： Celia Castillo-Blas Consuelo Alvarez-Galvan Ines Puente-Orench Alba Garcia-Sanchez Freddy e.Oropeza enrique Gutirrez-Puebla Angeles Monge Victor A.de la pena-O'hea Felipe Gandara Materials Science Institute of Madrid(CSIC) C/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3Madrid 28049Spain Instituto de Catalisis y petroleoquimica(CSIC) dM arie Curie 2Madrid 28049Spain Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon Pedro Cerbuna 12Zaragoza 50009Spain Institut Laue Langevin 71 Avenue des Martyrs38042 GrenobleFrance Photoactivated Processes Unit IMDeA energy Institute Mostoles Technology ParkAvenida Ramdn de la Sagra 3MostolesMadrid 28935Spain Department of Inorganic Chemistry University Autonomous of MadridC/Frandsco Tomdsy Valiente 7Madrid 28049Spain

The precise control on the combination of multiple metal atoms in the structure of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)endowed by reticular chemistry,allows the obtaining of materials with compositions that are programmed for achieving enhanced *** present work illustrates how through the transformation of MOFs with desired arrangements of metal cations,multi-metal spinel oxides with precise compositions can be obtained,and used as catalyst precursor for the reverse water-gas shift *** differences in the spinel initial composition and structure,determined by neutron powder diffraction,influence the overall catalytic activity with changes in the process of in s itu formation of active,metal-oxide supported metal nanoparticles,which have been monitored and characterized with in situ X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy studies.

关键词： reticular chemistry multi-metal metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) carbon dioxide reduction heterogeneous catalysis reverse water-gas shift in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)

破碎化景观格局中热带干旱森林的结构、多样性与保护价值

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Journal of Plant ecology 2023年第1期16卷 163-176页

作者： Oscar R.Lanuza Fernando Casanoves Sergio Vílchez-Mendoza Josep Maria espelta Josep peñuelas Guille peguero Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria estelí Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua(UNAN Managua/FAREM Estelí)49EstelíNicaragua CReAF E08193 BellaterraCerdanyola del VallèsSpain Global ecology Unit CSICCREAF‐CSIC‐UAB08193 BellaterraCataloniaSpain CATIe-Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y enseñanza 30501TurrialbaCosta RicaSpain Departament de Biologia Animal Biologia Vegetal i EcologiaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain

尽管热带干旱森林是世界上退化和破碎化程度最严重的生物群落之一,但我们对它们的基本生态特征和保护状况仍然知之甚少,尤其是在新热带地区。在本研究中,我们对尼加拉瓜破碎化景观格局中的热带干旱森林的多样性、组成、结构和保护价值... 详细信息

尽管热带干旱森林是世界上退化和破碎化程度最严重的生物群落之一,但我们对它们的基本生态特征和保护状况仍然知之甚少,尤其是在新热带地区。在本研究中,我们对尼加拉瓜破碎化景观格局中的热带干旱森林的多样性、组成、结构和保护价值进行了评估。我们在河流廊道、次生林、绿篱和林间牧地之中和沿线地区建立了31处样地和样带。我们使用希尔数(Hill number)对胸高处直径≥2.5 cm的所有树木进行了记录,并对每种森林类型中树木的丰富性和多样性进行了估算,接着计算了种级分类和科级分类上的重要值指数(Importance Value Index,IVI),最后则使用Bray-Curtis相似性指数进行了非度量多维标度(Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling,NMDS)排序和相似性分析(Analysis of Similarities,ANOSIM)。不同森林类型之间在多样性上存在差异,但物种丰富度却不存在差异。豆科植物的IVI值最高,其次是桑科植物和锦葵科植物。Vachellia pennatula、Guazuma ulmifolia和Bursera simaruba的IVI值都>30%,其中前两种是所有森林类型中最为丰富的树木。对群落的相似性进行分析后可知每种森林类型都有着不同的组成,从而凸显了对所有这些不同类型的土地覆盖开展保护的重要性。

关键词：豆科植物破碎化希尔数(Hill number) 重要值指数河流廊道热带干旱森林