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Feeding Bacillus-based probiotics to gestating and lactating sows is an efficient method for improving immunity,gut functional status and biofilm formation by probiotic bacteria in piglets at weaning

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 361-372页

作者： pawełkonieczka Karolina Ferenc Jens NJørgensen Lea HBHansen Romuald Zabielski Jarosław Olszewski Zdzisław Gajewski Magdalena Mazur-Kusnirek Dominika Szkopek Natalia Szyrynska Krzysztof Lipinski Department of Poultry Science University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland Department of Animal Nutrition The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of SciencesJabłonnaPoland Center for Translational Medicine Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarszawaPoland Chr.Hansen A/S Animal Health and NutritionHoersholmDenmark Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOlsztynPoland

The effects of dietary probiotic supplementation with viable Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores on sow performance,immunity,gut functional status and biofilm formation by probiotic bacteria in piglets at weaning were ***-six sows reared in a continuous farrowing system for one full cycle were fed gestation diets during the first 90 d of pregnancy and lactation diets until the end of *** sows were fed a basal diet without probiotics(control;n=48)or a diet supplemented with viable spores(1.1×10^(9)CFU/kg of feed)(probiotic;n=48).At 7 d of age,sucking piglets(n=12/group)were provided prestarter creep feed until weaning at 28 d of *** piglets in the probiotic group were supplemented with the same probiotic and dosage as their *** and colostrum collected from sows and ileal tissues collected from piglets on the day of weaning were used for *** increased the weight of piglets(P=0.077),improved the weaning weight(P=0.039)and increased both the total creep feed consumption(P=0.027)and litter gain(P=0.011).Probiotics also improved the faecal score in the second(P=0.013)week of *** immunoglobulin G(IgG)concentrations in sow blood at farrowing and the IgM concentrations in piglet blood at weaning were higher in the probiotic group than in the control group(P=0.046).The piglets from the probiotic-treated sows showed a higher IgM concentration in the ileal mucosa(P=0.050)and a lower IgG concentration in the ileal mucosa(P=0.021)compared with the piglets from control *** probiotic-treated piglets had a thicker ileal mucosa(P=0.012)due to the presence of longer villi and larger Peyer's patches(P<0.001).*** and *** were detected in the probiotic-treated piglets but not the control piglets;these bacteria were present in the digesta and villus structures and formed structures resembling ***,Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation improves the health indices of sows

关键词： Probiotic Gut function Immune status Biofilm Piglet Sow

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Statistical variation of characteristics of random packed beds of Raschig rings:The influence of the sample size

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Particuology 2021年第3期19卷 50-61页

作者： pawełNiegodajew Maciej Marek Czestochowa University of Technology Department of Thermal Machineryal.Armii Krajowej 2142-200 CzestochowaPoland

Many studies on random packed beds have been dedicated to local porosity(void fraction)or orientation distribution of ***,despite the random nature of the considered packings,very little attention has been devoted to examination whether the number of particles used in experiments/simulations is sufficiently large to get reproducible *** reproducibility of the key packing parameters depends on the size of the population of particles(sample size)and ordering effects induced by the confining *** work investigates quantitatively the influence of the sample size on the statistical variation of the packed bed *** beds of Raschig rings were generated with a sequential algorithm and three column diameters were *** has been found that in the case of the orientation distribution the results depend strongly on the sample size,especially for slender columns,while the porosity profiles are well-reproducible characteristics even for relatively small packings of *** complementary results for full cylinders are also included.

关键词： Random packing Raschig rings Full cylinders Particle orientation Porosity Reproducibility

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Comparison of selected algorithms for scheduling workflow applications with dynamically changing service availability

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第6期15卷 401-422页

作者： paweι CZARNUL Department of Computer Architecture Faculty of ElectronicsTelecommunications and InformaticsGdansk University of Technology

This paper compares the quality and execution times of several algorithms for scheduling service based workflow applications with changeable service availability and parameters. A workflow is defined as an acyclic directed graph with nodes corresponding to tasks and edges to dependencies between tasks. For each task, one out of several available services needs to be chosen and scheduled to minimize the workflow execution time and keep the cost of service within the budget. During the execution of a workflow, some services may become unavailable, new ones may appear, and costs and execution times may change with a certain probability. Rescheduling is needed to obtain a better schedule. A solution is proposed on how integer linear programming can be used to solve this problem to obtain optimal solutions for smaller problems or suboptimal solutions for larger ones. It is compared side-by-side with GAIN, divide-and-conquer, and genetic algorithms for various probabilities of service unavailability or change in service parameters. The algorithms are implemented and subsequently tested in a real BeesyCluster environment.

关键词： Dynamic scheduling of workflow applications Workflow management environment Scheduling algorithms

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Numerical assessment of the influence of former mining activities and plasticity of rock mass on deformations of terrain surface

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第2期31卷 209-214页

作者： pawełSikora Marek Wesołowski Department of Mining Faculty of MiningSafety Engineering and Industrial AutomationSilesian University of Technology44-100 GliwicePoland

This paper presents the results of numerical simulations carried out to confirm the influence of former mining activities on deformation of the mining *** assessment of deformation changes was carried out with the use of FLAC3 D program based on the finite difference *** calculations were carried out for the example of actual mining operations in seams 703/1-2 and 707/2 of‘‘Marcel"Coal *** into account the influence of the model’s plastic features and the so-called activation of a higher occurring seam in conducted simulations enabled obtaining a very good description of the measured *** on the results one may state that numerical model can be used to assess the influence of former mining activities and the direction of conducted exploitation on deformations of the mining *** factors are not recognized by geometric-integral theories commonly used for predicting the influence of mining operations on the *** results presented in this paper confirm that the applied method of simulating the phenomenon of reactivation of post-mining goafs is correct.

关键词： Rock mass Numerical modeling Post-mining Goafs Land surface deformations

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Identification of landing sites for rescue helicopters in mountains with use of Geographic Information Systems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第2期17卷 261-270页

作者： KROH pawe? Institute of Geography Pedagogical University of Cracow

Helicopters are often used in mountain rescue both for rescuers moving in the area of accidents and for evacuating victims, but in steep or forested terrain finding a landing place can be problematic. The main aim of this research is to use Digital Elevation Model(DEM) and cartographic database analysis to select locations that can be used as landing site for the rescue helicopters. Methods were based on GIS analysis;both raster and vector data were used for identifying touchdown points for rescue helicopters. Based on DEM data, locations with a low slope gradient were identified;topographic vector data were used for identifying unforested sites. Then buffer zones for buildings and power lines were excluded, and it was checked whether the areas had any topographic features that prevented helicopter landings. The findings were verified on an orthophotomap. In result, GIS analyses have selected 1232 polygons that fulfilled initial criteria. Their verification on orthophotomap has shown that only 55% of them could be potentially used as landing site. Landing sites can be found mainly on side ridges of mountain ranges and in valley beds, when those on ridges are most important in this research. The greatest difficulties and methodological challenges are posed by: identification of sites having a shape which prevents landing, the obsolescence of data due to environment dynamics, the presence of features that are not shown on maps but prevent helicopter landings. A map of landing sites is a very useful tool to conduct rescue operations, but each use of a given landing site requires both in-field and numerical verification. The analysis demonstrated that GIS toolsare useful in pre-planning of rescue missions, and also showed that such data must be kept up-to-date and in-field verification is needed continuously, the more so as it plays an important role in ensuring the safety of rescuers and victims.

关键词： Helicopter mountain rescue Geographic Information Systems Digital Elevation Model Topographic databases Landing sites Geoinformation

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Experimental and numerical study on the influence of shaped charge liner cavity filing on jet penetration characteristics in steel targets

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第5期23卷 60-74页

作者： paweł Zochowski Radosław Warchoł Military Institute of Armament Technology 7 Wyszynskiego Str.Zielonka05-220Poland

Penetration characteristic(size and shape of penetration craters made in high hardness ARMSTAL 30PM steel) of shaped charge jets formed after detonations of modified PG-7VM warheads was analyzed in the article. Modifications consisted in removing the frontal part of the grenade(fuse, ballistic cap and conductive cone) and introducing of the liner cavity filling made of polyacetal copolymer POM-C. The filings in the form of solid cones with three different heights(33%, 66% and 100% of H-the height of original PG-7VM liner) were placed inside of the hollow cone shaped charge liner. As opposed to the vast majority of previously published works(in which warhead optimization studies were focused on increasing of the depth of penetration in rolled homogeneous armor steel) the main aim of the presented modifications was to maximize the damage ratio(diameters of craters, inlet and outlet holes) of target perforated by shaped charge jet at the cost of the loss of part of the jet penetration capability. According to the best knowledge of the authors such approach to the use of the old PG-7VM warheads has not been analyzed so far. Taking into consideration high stock levels of PG-7VM warheads, and the fact that they are continuously being replaced by more efficient and more sophisticated high-explosive anti-tank warheads, it seems reasonable to look for alternate applications of the warheads withdrawn from the service. Thanks to the introduction of proposed modifications the warheads could be used by special forces or other assault units as directional mines or statically detonated cutting shaped charges as well as by combat engineers as universal charges used in various types of engineering or sapper works. The research included experimental penetration tests and their numerical reproduction in the LS-Dyna software with the simulation methodology defined and validated in previous works of the *** differences(average error = 10-20%) were identified between the experi

关键词： Shaped charge jet PG-7 grenade Armor steel target Finite element modeling Penetration process

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Local blast wave interaction with tire structure

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第3期16卷 520-529页

作者： pawełBaranowski Jerzy Małachowski Łukasz Mazurkiewicz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Military University of TechnologyDepartment of Mechanics and Applied Computer ScienceGen.Sylwester Kaliski Street00-908 WarsawPoland

The paper presents modelling and simulation of a local blast wave interaction with a tire of a logistic truck supporting military *** the military industry,it is desired to improve effectiveness and strength of vehicle components and simultaneously to minimize the risk of crew ***,the main goal of this paper is to present an attempt to improve blast resistance of a *** on the developed,verified and validated finite element model an optimization procedure was conducted to minimize the damage of a tire subjected to a blast *** main issue in the performed computations was to estimate an influence of the cords angle in each *** this purpose,a pre-processor script was developed in order to easily modify the finite element model so that the generation process was perfo rmed automatically on the basis of optimization *** response of a tire subjected to blast wave in different cases(cords configurations) was *** was shown that the optimized cords angles configuration reduces tire local damage and increases its blast resistance.

关键词： Blast wave Tire structure Finite element analysis Optimization

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Specialized metabolites as versatile tools in shaping plant-microbe associations

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Molecular Plant 2023年第1期16卷 122-144页

作者： Gopal Singh Himani Agrawal paweł Bednarek Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesNoskowskiego 12/1461-704 PoznańPoland

Plants are rich repository of a large number of chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized *** compounds are of importance for adaptive processes including responses against changing abiotic conditions and interactions with various co-existing *** of the strikingly affirmed functions of these specialized metabolites is their involvement in plants’life-long interactions with complex multi-kingdom microbiomes including both beneficial and harmful *** developments in genomic and molecular biology tools not only help to generate well-curated information about regulatory and structural components of biosynthetic pathways of plant specialized metabolites but also to create and screen mutant lines defective in their *** this review,we have comprehensively surveyed the function of these specialized metabolites and discussed recent research findings demonstrating the responses of various microbes on tested mutant lines having defective biosynthesis of particular *** addition,we attempt to provide key clues about the impact of these metabolites on the assembly of the plant microbiome by summarizing the major findings of recent comparative metagenomic analyses of available mutant lines under customized and natural microbial ***,we delineate benchmark initiatives that aim to engineer or manipulate the biosynthetic pathways to produce specialized metabolites in heterologous systems but also to diversify their immune *** denoting the function of these metabolites,we also discuss the critical bottlenecks associated with understanding and exploiting their function in improving plant adaptation to the environment.

关键词： microbiome nitrogen/sulfur-containing compounds phenylpropanoids plant immunity symbiosis terpenoids

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Iatrogenic bile duct injuries:Etiology,diagnosis and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第33期15卷 4097-4104页

作者： Beata Jab■ońska pawe■ Lampe Department of Digestive Tract Surgery University Hospital of the Medical University of Silesia

Iatrogenic bile duct injuries (IBDI) remain an important problem in gastrointestinal surgery. They are most frequently caused by laparoscopic cholecystectomy which is one of the commonest surgical procedures in the world. The early and proper diagnosis of IBDI is very important for surgeons and gastroenterologists, because unrecognized IBDI lead to serious complications such as biliary cirrhosis, hepatic failure and death. Laboratory and radiological investigations play an important role in the diagnosis of biliary injuries. There are many classifications of IBDI. The most popular and simple classification of IBDI is the Bismuth scale. Endoscopic techniques are recommended for initial treatment of IBDI. When endoscopic treatment is not effective, surgical management is considered. Different surgical reconstructions are performed in patients with IBDI. According to the literature, Roux- en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is the most frequent surgical reconstruction and recommended by most authors. In the opinion of some authors, a more physiological and equally effective type of reconstruction is end- to-end ductal anastomosis. Long term results are the most important in the assessment of the effectiveness of IBDI treatment. There are a few classifications for the long term results in patients treated for IBDI; the Terblanche scale, based on clinical biliary symptoms, is regarded as the most useful classification. Proper diagnosis and treatment of IBDI may avoid many serious complications and improve quality of life.

关键词： Iatrogenic disease Biliary drainage Bile ducts Cholecystectomy Roux-en-Y anastomosis Surgical injuries Surgical anastomosis

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Simplified Numerical Study of Evaporation Processes Inside Vertical Tubes

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 177-186页

作者： pawe Ocoń Marzena Nowak Stanisaw Lopata Cracow University of Technology Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringInstitute of Thermal Power EngineeringAl.Jana PawaII 3731-864 CracowPoland

The paper presents a simplified numerical model of evaporation processes inside vertical *** this model only the temperature fields in the fluid domain(the liquid or two-phase mixture) and solid domain(a tube wall) are *** its performance and efficiency is *** analytical formulas,which allow calculating the pressure drop and the distribution of heat transfer coefficient along the tube length,are used in this *** energy equation for the fluid domain is solved with the Control Volume Method and for the solid domain with the Finite Element Method in order to determine the temperature field for the fluid and solid domains.

关键词： Numerical modeling heat transfer evaporation vertical tubes Finite Element Method

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