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Incidence of exclusive extrapelvic skeletal metastasis in prostate carcinoma on bone scintigraphy

World Journal of Radiology 2024年第7期16卷 265-273页

作者： Parneet Singh Kanhaiyalal agrawal Ashique Rahman Tejasvini Singhal Girish kumar Parida Gopinath Gnanasegaran Department of Nuclear Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneshwar 751019OdishaIndia Department of Nuclear Medicine Royal Free HospitalLondon NW32QGUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Bone is one of the common sites of metastasis from prostate *** scintigraphy(BS)is one of the most sensitive imaging modalities currently used for bone metastatic *** metastasis in prostate carcinoma commonly involves pelvic bones but rarely involves extrapelvic-extraspinal *** To retrospectively analyze the BS data to determine the pattern of skeletal metastases in the prostate *** This retrospective observational study involves patients with biopsy-proven prostate carcinoma referred for BS for staging *** with abnormal BS were evaluated for the pattern of skeletal involvement and data were pre-sented in descriptive format in the form of *** A total of 150 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer who were referred for staging were included in the *** of 150 patients(8.67%)had no abnormal uptake on planar images,ruling out metastatic ***-four patients(16%)had heterogeneous uptake in the spine with distribution charac-teristic of degenerative disease and no scan pattern of metastatic *** patients(20%)had multifocal uptake involving both pelvic and extra pelvic bones on planar images typical for skeletal metastasis and were considered ***-three out of 150 patients(55.3%)had increased tracer uptake,which was indeterminate,thus,single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography(SPECT-CT)was acquired,which showed 51 with metastatic disease,31 benign lesions,and one indeterminate *** of 150 patients had exclusive pelvic bone uptake,which was found to be metastatic in 4/7 patients in *** six out of 150 patients showed exclusive extrapelvic tracer uptake,of which only 3 had vertebral metastatic *** of the patients with increased uptake exclusively in the extrapelvic-extraspinal location was *** The incidence of exclusive extrapelvic skeletal metastatic disease in prostate carcinom

关键词： Pelvic Prostate cancer Bone scan Single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography Skeletal metastasis

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Large chest wall fibromatosis with challenging treatment plan

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2017年第1期3卷 139-143页

作者： Rashi agrawal Prekshi Choudhary Arun kumar Goel Vaishali Zamre Sandeep Agarwal Dinesh Singh Department of Radiation Oncology Surgical OncologyMax Super Speciality HospitalVaishaliGhaziabadUttar Pradesh 201012Delhi NCRIndia.

The primary mode of treatment for desmoid tumors is surgical ***,high recurrence rates(39-79%)have been reported when surgery is used *** role of adjuvant radiotherapy after surgical resection of primary disease is controversial and should be based on a balanced discussion of potential morbidity from radiotherapy and local *** this patient,the maximum dimension of tumor was 21 *** is a larger chest wall fibromatosis than has been reported thus far,to the best of our *** this case,post-operative margins were free,but in view of the large initial tumor size and potential morbidity in case of any future locoregional recurrence,post-operative adjuvant external beam radiation was *** image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy technique was chosen to spare adjacent breast and lung parenchyma,and tolerance of these structures was well *** case provides insight into this treatment approach.

关键词： Chest wall fibromatosis recurrence radiotherapy

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Assessment of quadriceps muscle thickness using bedside ultrasonography by nurses and physicians in the intensive care unit:Intra- and inter-operator agreement

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2019年第7期8卷 127-134页

作者： Rohit kumar Tajamul Hussain Shah Vijay Hadda pawan Tiwari Saurabh Mittal Karan Madan Maroof Ahmad Khan Anant Mohan Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Biostatistics All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India

BACKGROUND Data regarding the agreement among multiple operators for measurement of quadriceps muscle thickness by bedside ultrasonography(USG)are *** To statistically assess the agreement among 5 operators for measurement of quadriceps muscle thickness on bedside *** This was a cross-sectional observational *** 5 operators of varied experience(comprised of 1 critical care consultant,2 fellows,and 2 nurses)independently measured quadriceps muscle thickness in triplicate for 45 critically ill patients each,using ***-and interrater agreement rates among the 5 operators were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)and expressed with 95%confidence interval(CI).RESULTS The 5 operators produced a total of 135 readings and 675 observations for ICC calculations to determine the intraoperator and interoperator variations *** intraoperator agreement,the overall ICC(95%CI)was 0.998(0.997,0.999)for operator 1,0.998(0.997,0.999)for operator 2,0.997(0.995,0.999)for operator 3,0.999(0.998,0.999)for operator 4,and 0.998(0.997,0.999)for operator *** interoperator agreement,the overall ICC(95%CI)was 0.977(0.965,0.986;P<0.001)for reading 1,0.974(0.960,0.984;P<0.001)for reading 2,and 0.975(0.961,0.985;P<0.001)for reading *** USG measurement of quadriceps muscle thickness was not dependent on clinical experience,supporting training for nurses in it.

关键词： Agreement Intensive care unit Critical illness Muscle thickness Quadricepsmuscle Ultrasonography

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Extraction and RP-HPLC determination of taxol in rat plasma, cell culture and quality control samples

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第5期27卷 394-405页

作者： Rakesh kumar Tekade Antony D'Emanuele Abdelbary Elhissi Ashish agrawal Anurekha Jain Basel Tawfiq Arafat Narendra kumar Jain School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of Central Lancashire Preston PR1 2HE United Kingdom College of Pharmacy University of Hawai'i at Hilo Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory Dr. Hari Singh Gour University B.R.Nahata College of Pharmacy Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory Dr.Hari Singh Gour University

A rapid, sensitive, selective and validated reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC） method for the estimation of paclitaxel in micro-sample of rat plasma and in culture of cancer cells was per- formed in this study. The mobile phase consisted of an （80： 20： 0.1, v/v/v）. Column elution at a flow rate of 1 optimized mixture of methanol：water： trifluroacetic acid mL/minute with UV detection at 225 nm at room tern- perature was used. The RP-HPLC method was successfully applied for the determination of paclitaxel in plasma samples and in culture of cancer cells with nano-quantity of estimation. The validation studies were performed in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization （ICH） guidelines. The intra- and inter-day pre- cision showed that the coefficients of variation ranged from 1.07% to 4.27% at different levels of concentrations. To the best of our knowledge, this study also reported for the first time the optimization of different solvents for effective extraction of paclitaxel wherein tert.-butyl methyl ether （TBME）： diethyl ether （DEE） in 50：50 v/ v composition was found most efficient with extraction efficiency ranging between 77.99% and 91.74% and be- tween 76.14 and 93.66% in the plasma and cell culture, respectively. This proposed method was successfully ap- plied to study the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel and the influence of verapamil and all-trans retinoic acid （atRA） on paclitaxel pharmacokinetics in rat models. This proposed method might emerge as a valuable aid in the labo- ratory monitoring of paclitaxel in a variety of in vitro as well as in vivo scenarios.

关键词： high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) paclitaxel extraction optimization micro-samplerat plasma plasma profile

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Compartmentalized Metabolic Engineering for Artemisinin Biosynthesis and Effective Malaria Treatment by Oral Delivery of Plant Cells

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Molecular Plant 2016年第11期9卷 1464-1477页

作者： Karan Malhotra Mayavan Subramaniyan Khushboo Rawat Md. Kalamuddin M. Irfan Qureshi pawan Malhotra Asif Mohmmed Katrina Cornish Henry Daniell Shashi kumar1 Metabolic Engineering Group Malaria Research Group International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India Department of Biotechnology Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi 110025 India Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University Wooster OH 44691 USA Department of Biochemistry School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

Artemisinin is highly effective against drug-resistant malarial parasites, which affects nearly half of the global population and kills 〉500 000 people each year. The primary cost of artemisinin is the very expensive process used to extract and purify the drug from Artemisia annua. Elimination of this apparently unnecessary step will make this potent antimalarial drug affordable to the global population living in endemic regions. Here we reported the oral delivery of a non-protein drug artemisinin biosynthesized （~0.8 mg/g dry weight） at clinically meaningful levels in tobacco by engineering two metabolic pathways targeted to three different cellular compartments （chloroplast, nucleus, and mitochondria）. The doubly transgenic lines showed a three-fold enhancement of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and targeting AACPR, DBR2, and CYP71AV1 to chloroplasts resulted in higher expression and an efficient photo-oxidation of di- hydroartemisinic acid to artemisinin. Partially purified extracts from the leaves of transgenic tobacco plants inhibited in vitro growth progression of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells. Oral feeding of whole intact plant cells bioencapsulating the artemisinin reduced the parasitemia levels in challenged mice in comparison with commercial drug. Such novel synergistic approaches should facilitate low-cost production and delivery of artemisinin and other drugs through metabolic engineering of edible plants.

关键词： bioencapsulation oral delivery of plant material dihydroartemisinic acid isopentenyl pyrophosphate,plant transformation drug biosynthesis

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珠子草对大鼠半乳糖性白内障的抑制作用(英文)

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国际眼科杂志 2009年第6期9卷 1011-1015页

作者： Suresh kumar Gupta Vivekanandhan Kalaiselvan Ashish Sharma Sushma Srivastava Shyam Sunder agrawal 德里药剂科学研究所眼科药理学研究室哥印拜陀医学院哥印拜陀医学中心和医院

目的:本研究旨在评价珠子草在体外及体内抑制半乳糖性白内障的作用。方法:研究珠子草提取液在体内及体外抑制半乳糖性白内障的作用。300g/L半乳糖饮食诱导半乳糖性白内障大鼠,75, 150及300mg/kg3剂量水平口服珠子草。在体外小鼠晶体培... 详细信息

目的:本研究旨在评价珠子草在体外及体内抑制半乳糖性白内障的作用。方法:研究珠子草提取液在体内及体外抑制半乳糖性白内障的作用。300g/L半乳糖饮食诱导半乳糖性白内障大鼠,75, 150及300mg/kg3剂量水平口服珠子草。在体外小鼠晶体培养基中掺入半乳糖(30mmol/L)建立渗透性应激,研究珠子草(720及880μg/mL)对谷胱甘肽(GSH)及山梨糖醇水平的影响。结果:在体内,珠子草显著延缓的白内障的发生和发展。除了延缓各期白内障的发展,直至试验周期结束,低剂量组未发展至IV期。在体外,880μg/mL珠子草培养晶状体显示较高浓度的GSH和山梨糖醇浓度的降低。在体内,与对照组比较,75mg/kg珠子草显著延缓了白内障的发生和发展。结论:在试验模型中珠子草延缓了白内障的发展。然而,将其延伸运用在人类预防白内障需要进一步的研究。

关键词：半乳糖性白内障谷胱甘肽山梨糖醇珠子草

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The Corpse Is a Silent Witness Who Never Lies—A Case Report

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2014年第3期2卷 43-47页

作者： Vijay Pal pawan Mittal Jitender K. Jakhar Yogesh kumar Vashist A. D. Aggarwal Bhavesh Bohra Department of Forensic Medicine Government Medical College Patiala India Department of Forensic Medicine Jhalawar Medical College Jhalawar India Department of Forensic Medicine Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak India Department of Forensic Medicine Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak India Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak India

There are two very common sayings about corpse (dead body). The first common saying is that “the corpse is a silent witness who never lies” and the other common saying is that “the dead body is extremely eloquent and honestly informative, if one exercises patience in listening to it.” Both these sayings were proved in one of our cases. In the present case, decomposed body of an unidentified female individual aged about 25 - 26 years was recovered from the bank of western Yamuna canal in Haryana. The police made the efforts for establishing the identity of the deceased but could not succeed. The body was forwarded to the district hospital for autopsy along with the inquest report. However, the body being in advanced stage of decomposition so it was referred from the district hospital to the department of Forensic Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak (Haryana) for the examination and the expert opinion regarding the cause of death. The findings observed on examination of the body helped to deduce the cause, time and manner of death whereas certain important objective features of identification were also observed and ultimately proper identity of the deceased could be established beyond the reasonable doubt by DNA profile of the samples preserved at autopsy. The autopsy findings, DNA profile and the results of examination of other materials (exhibits) taken from the body not only revealed the truth from the silent witness—the corpse, but also provided objective and scientific evidence to establish the corpus delicti in this case.

关键词： Corpus Delicti Rape Throttling Murder Putrefaction DNA Profile

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Circulating tumor cells in head and neck cancer:A review

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第2期2卷 -页

作者： Kyle P. McMullen Jeffrey J. Chalmers Jas C. Lang pawan kumar Kris R. Jatana Department of 0tolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Wexner Medical Center at 0hio State University Columbus 0H USA William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 0hio State University Columbus 0H USA

Carcinoma of the head and neck represents 3.5%of all cancers, and the vast major-ity of these tumors are squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). With a stable overall survival rate of 50%among all stages, there is continued interested in developing measures for early detection and disease aggressiveness. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been identified as a potential marker for early metastatic disease, response to treatment, and surveillance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this article, techniques of CTC detection, applications of CTC technology, and outcomes of HNSCC patients will be discussed. Copyright a 2016 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Circulating tumor cell Metastasis Head and neck cancer Squamous cell

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)Model for Cancer Image Classification

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 401-441页

作者： Amit Singhal Krishna Kant agrawal Angeles Quezada Adrian Rodriguez Aguiñaga Samantha Jiménez Satya Prakash Yadav Department of Computer Science&Engineering Raj Kumar Goel Institute of TechnologyGhaziabad201017India Department of School of Computing Science and Engineering Galgotias UniversityGreater Noida203201India Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Tijuana Baja California22414México Universidad Autónoma de Baja California TijuanaBaja California22414México Department of Computer Science and Engineering G.LBajaj Institute of Technology and Management(GLBITM)Affiliated to Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknow201306India School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India

The use of Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models becomes increasingly important for making decisions in smart healthcare *** is to make sure that decisions are based on trustworthy algorithms and that healthcare workers understand the decisions made by these *** models can potentially enhance interpretability and explainability in decision-making processes that rely on artificial ***,the intricate nature of the healthcare field necessitates the utilization of sophisticated models to classify cancer *** research presents an advanced investigation of XAI models to classify cancer *** describes the different levels of explainability and interpretability associated with XAI models and the challenges faced in deploying them in healthcare *** addition,this study proposes a novel framework for cancer image classification that incorporates XAI models with deep learning and advanced medical imaging *** proposed model integrates several techniques,including end-to-end explainable evaluation,rule-based explanation,and useradaptive *** proposed XAI reaches 97.72%accuracy,90.72%precision,93.72%recall,96.72%F1-score,9.55%FDR,9.66%FOR,and 91.18%*** will discuss the potential applications of the proposed XAI models in the smart healthcare *** will help ensure trust and accountability in AI-based decisions,which is essential for achieving a safe and reliable smart healthcare environment.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence XAI healthcare cancer image classification

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Biomarkers in acute brain trauma: A narrative review

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Journal of Acute Disease 2019年第1期8卷 1-6页

作者： Quinones-Ossa GA Padilla-Zambrano H Pal R Ghosh A Moscote-Salazar LR Kiran kumar VA agrawal A Faculty of medicine El Bosque UniversityBogotaColombia Faculty of Medicine University of CartagenaCartagena de IndiasColombia Department of Community Medicine MGM Medical College and LSK HospitalKishanganj-855107India Department of Biochemistry Medical College88College StreetKolkata-700073India Red Latino Organización Latinoamericana de Trauma y cuidado NeurointensivoBogotaColombia Department of Neurosurgery Narayana Medical CollegeNelloreAndhra PradeshIndia

Biomarkers have been used to diagnose, prognose, evaluate, and identify the severity and outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. This study explored if it is possible to predict the outcome of TBI patients by estimating the biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. We searched data bases and literature about biomarkers, and found forty epidemiologic studies from 92 potentially relevant articles. However, limited data are available about postanoxic encephalopathy. It showed that presently, neurofilament, S100B, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase-L1 seemed to have the best potential as diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing focal and diffuse injury, whereas C-Tau, neuron-specific enolase, S100B, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and spectrin breakdown products appear to be candidates for reflective biomarkers of TBI. Point-of-care biomarkers are needed in TBI which is one of the most important additional risk factors in road traffic injuries. In a holistic approach, more researches about biomarkers of TBI are required. These biomarkers are very useful for treatment of patients with TBI.

关键词： Biologic markers Trauma Head injuries Brain injuries Serum markers Cerebrospinal fluids

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