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The influence of composition of asphaltenes of different genesis on the properties of carbon materials manufactured from them by plasma processing

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3830-3840页

作者： Evgeniya Frantsina Yuliya Petrova Valentina Arkachenkova Andrey Grin'ko Alexander Pak pavel povalyaev Dmitry Zelentsov Kirill Cherednichenko Surgut State University Institute of Natural and Technical Sciencespr.Lenina 1628412SurgutRussian Federation Tomsk Polytechnic University Laboratory of Advanced Materials for the Energy Industrypr.Lenina30643050TomskRussian Federation National University of Oil and Gas Gubkin University Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistrypr.Lenina65119991MoscowRussian Federation

The results of experimental studies of carbon materials, which are formed in the plasma of a direct current (DC) arc discharge initiated in open air from the asphaltenes of different origins, extracted from the natural asphaltite and from the oil of the Sredne-Ugutskoye Oilfield, are presented. The influence of the initial asphaltene composition on the composition and properties of the resulting carbon materials is analyzed. The initial asphaltenes and the samples of the carbon materials are characterized by the methods of X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis, IR-Fourier spectroscopy, laser diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The changes in the composition and structure of the asphaltenes are determined before and after their plasma treatment and the hypotheses are put forward concerning the chemical processes causing the changes in the molecular structure of the samples. As a result of plasma treatment of asphaltenes (100 A, 30 s), it was shown that graphitization occurs, as well as oxidation, and a decrease in sulfur content. Moreover, nanotubes and nano-onions have been detected using electron microscopy. Petroleum asphaltenes after plasma treatment give a less thermostable carbon material, but with a lower content of heteroatoms, and with a large amount of sulfur in the composition of sulfoxide structural fragments. This method is shown to be a promising technology for processing the petroleum feedstock enriched with heavy asphaltene components for the manufacture of carbon nanomaterials: nanotubes, nano-onions and polyhedral graphite.

关键词： Asphaltenes Natural asphaltite Carbon materials Nanomaterials Plasma treatment Graphite

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Architecture of Graphics System with 3D Acceleration Support for Embedded Operating Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 863-873页

作者： Alexander Giatsintov Kirill Mamrosenko pavel Bazhenov Center of Visualization and Sattelite Information Technologies Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences(SRISA RAS)Moscow 117218Russia

An increasing number of tasks now require the use of hardware accelerators to reduce the time required for computation and display the computational *** paper presents a new graphics system architecture for operating systems(OSs)with microkernel architecture,including real-time *** proposed system architecture provides capabilities for displaying graphical images on various information display devices and for accelerating graphical operations on *** architecture of the graphics system uses a concept of allocators to manage system and video memory,provides an abstraction of memory operations with a single interface for video memory management,and simplifies memory handling where incorrect operation is the cause of many failures.A comparison between the performance of a real-time OS and Linux OS implementing the graphics system using the example of a glmark2 benchmark is presented,thereby the superiority of the proposed architecture in several scenarios is demonstrated.

关键词： real-time operating system(RTOS) graphics system rendering system architecture operatingsystem visualization system programming

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Thermogravimetric,kinetic study and gas emissions analysis of the thermal decomposition of waste-derived fuels

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 155-171页

作者： Vadim V.Dorokhov Galina S.Nyashina pavel A.Strizhak Heat and Mass Transfer Laboratory National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University30 Lenin AvenueTomsk 634050Russia

A wide range of wastes can potentially be used to generate thermal and electrical *** co-combustion of several types of waste as part of water-containing waste-derived fuels is a promising method for their *** this research,we use thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry to study the thermal behavior and kinetics of coal slime,biomass,waste oils,and blends on their *** also analyze the concentrations of gaseous *** results show that biomass,oils,and coal slime significantly affect each other in the course of their co-combustion when added to slurry *** preparation of coal-water slurry based on slime and water reduced the ignition and burnout temperature by up to 16%.Adding biomass and waste oils additionally stimulated the slurry ignition and burnout,which occurred at lower *** to dry coal slime,threshold ignition temperatures and burnout temperatures decreased by 6%–9%and 17%–25%,***,the use of biomass and waste oils as part of slurries inhibited NOхand SO_(2)emission by 2.75 *** to the kinetic analysis,added biomass and waste turbine oil provide a 28%–51%reduction in the activation energy as compared to a coal-water slurry without additives.

关键词： Coal-water slurry Water-containing composite fuels Combustion Emission Kinetic TGA-DSC

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Consideration of the influence of supports in modeling the electromagnetic fields of 25 kV traction networks under emergency conditions

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 528-540页

作者： Konstantin Suslov Andrey Kryukov Ekaterina Voronina pavel Ilyushin Department of Hydropower and Renewable Energy National Research UniversityMoscow Power Engineering InstituteMoscow 11250Russia Department of Power Supply and Electrical Engineering Irkutsk National Research Technical UniversityIrkutsk 664074Russia Department of Transport Electric Power Irkutsk State Transport UniversityIrkutsk 664074Russia Department of Research on the Relationship between Energy and the Economy Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 117186Russia

Single-phase 25 kV traction networks of electrified alternating current(AC)railways create electromagnetic fields(EMFs)with significant levels of *** most intense magnetic fields occur when short circuits exist between the contact wire and rails or *** the short duration of exposure,they can adversely affect electronic devices and induce significant voltages in adjacent power lines,which is dangerous for operating *** numerous investigations have focused on modeling the EMF of traction networks and power lines,the challenge of determining the three-dimensional electromagnetic fields near metal supports during the flow of a short-circuit current through them is yet to be *** this case,the field has a complex spatial structure that significantly complicates the calculations of *** study proposes a methodology,algorithms,software,and digital models for determining the EMF in the described emergency *** the modeling process,the objects being studied were represented by segments of thin wires to analyze the distribution of the electric charge and calculate the intensities of the electric and magnetic *** approach was implemented in the Fazonord software,and the modeling results show a substantial increase in EMF levels close to the support,with a noticeable decrease in the levels as the distance from it *** procedure implemented in the commercial software Fazonord is universal and can be used to determine electromagnetic fields at any electrical power facility that includes live parts of limited *** on the proposed procedure,the EMF near the supports of overhead power lines and traction networks of various designs could be determined,the EMF levels at substations can be calculated,and the influence of metal structures located near traction networks,such as pedestrian crossings at railway stations,can be considered.

关键词： Power supply systems AC railways Emergency conditions Electromagnetic fields near supports Modeling Electromagnetic safety

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Technological parameters of thin-film pulsed laser scribing for perovskite photovoltaics

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 127-135页

作者： Ishteev, Rustam Gostishchev, pavel Tiukhova, Mariia Sorokin, Anton Ishteev, Arthur Kondratenko, Vladimir RTU MIREA Inst Adv Technol & Ind Programming Dept Nanoelect Lab Precis Machining Mat Moscow Russia Res & Pract Clin Ctr Diagnost & Telemed Technol Moscow Hlth Care Dept Moscow Russia Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS Lab Adv Solar Energy LASE 4 Leninsky St Moscow Russia Russian Acad Sci RAS Semenov Fed Res Ctr Chem Phys 4 Kosygina Str Moscow Russia

Over the past decade, the power conversion efficiency of halide perovskite solar cells has shown a rapid increase to 26.1%. The significant efficiency growth and the relative simplification of the technology for obtaining thin-film solar cells due to liquid printing methods determine the high potential for the low-cost perovskite solar cells manufacturing. However, efficient use of cell geometry is comparable to the size of standard crystalline-Si wafers (156:156 mm and more). Therefore, modular geometry similar to amorphous-Si solar cell approaches is used to scale perovskite solar cells. Serial electrical connection of thin-film cells requires precise processing of the conductive layers that form the device p-i-n structure. The subject of research is the development of a full pulsed laser scribing cycle for inverted perovskite solar cells. In this work, we propose a study of a laser-patterning technology In2O3:SnO2 (ITO) conductive layer and a photoactive perovskite layer Cs0,2(CH(NH2)2)0,8PbI3. Process regimes of transparent conducting electrodes based on ITO and halide perovskite layer Cs0,2(CH(NH2)2)0,8PbI3 laser patterning were obtained. The optimal parameters for the multipass mode processing of ITO and perovskite layer were determined. The cell was electrically isolated at a scribe line width of 30 mu m. A full pulsed-laser scribing cycle for inverted perovskite solar cells is developed and applied to laser-patterning of an indium-tin oxide (ITO) conductive layer and a photoactive perovskite layer. The optimal parameters for the multipass mode processing of ITO and perovskite layers are determined. Graphical Abstract

关键词： patterning perovskite solar cell perovskite solar cell photovoltaics scribing SOLAR MODULES CELLS

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Resonantly enhanced second-and third-harmonic generation in dielectric nonlinear metasurfaces

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第5期7卷 5-19页

作者： Ji Tong Wang pavel Tonkaev Kirill Koshelev Fangxing Lai Sergey Kruk Qinghai Song Yuri Kivshar Nicolae C.Panoiu Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom Nonlinear Physics Center Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2601Australia Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic SystemsHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Wuzhen Laboratory EGO Wuzhen Digital Economy Industrial ParkNo.925 Daole RoadTongxiangChina

Nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces provide a promising approach to control and manipulate frequency conversion optical processes at the nanoscale,thus facilitating both advances in fundamental research and the development of new practical applications in photonics,lasing,and ***,we employ symmetry-broken metasurfaces made of centrosymmetric amorphous silicon for resonantly enhanced second-and third-order nonlinear optical *** the rich physics of optical quasi-bound states in the continuum and guided mode resonances,we comprehensively study through rigorous numerical calculations the relative contribution of surface and bulk effects to second-harmonic generation(SHG)and the bulk contribution to third-harmonic generation(THG) from the ***,we experimentally achieve optical resonances with high quality factors,which greatly boosts light-matter interaction,resulting in about 550 times SHG enhancement and nearly 5000-fold increase of THG.A good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements is *** gain deeper insights into the physics of the investigated nonlinear optical processes,we further numerically study the relation between nonlinear emission and the structural asymmetry of the metasurface and reveal that the generated harmonic signals arising from linear sharp resonances are highly dependent on the asymmetry of the *** work suggests a fruitful strategy to enhance the harmonic generation and effectively control different orders of harmonics in all-dielectric metasurfaces,enabling the development of efficient active photonic nanodevices.

关键词： second-harmonic generation third-harmonic generation bound state in the continuum guided mode resonance all-dielectric metasurfaces nonlinear optics

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Phase transitions and degradation/oxidation mechanisms in lead-free CsSnI3 halide perovskites

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 109-115页

作者： Ivanova, Alexandra Golikova, Margarita Luchnikov, Lev Gostishchev, pavel Shetinin, Igor Voronov, Victor Saranin, Danila Khovaylo, Vladimir Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS NUST MISIS Leninsky Ave 4 Moscow 119049 Russia Belgorod State Univ Pobedy St 85 Belgorod 308015 Russia

Halide perovskites possess ultra-low thermal conductivity and show high potential for thermoelectric devices. The chemical properties and molecular structure of halide perovskite materials are not completely stable under ambient conditions, which hinders their use in thermoelectric generators. Changes in the properties of bulk halide perovskite thermoelectrics are accompanied by partial phase transitions and surface oxidation processes. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive study of the transport and structural properties of CsSnI3, which were pristine by vacuum melting followed by spark plasma sintering. The research results on the electrical transport of these materials revealed that exposure to an inert atmosphere does not deteriorate stability and the properties of the materials remain unchanged. However, prolonged exposure to air leads to a significant degradation of the electrical transport properties. Contrary to thin-film samples, the shift to the double perovskite structure from the perovskite one is limited to a specific surface layer. This change significantly influences the electrical transport of the material while maintaining the essential properties of both perovskite types. [GRAPHICS]

关键词： halide perovskites degradation oxidation transport properties surface STABILITY PHOTOLUMINESCENCE CONDUCTIVITY MOBILITY

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Development of Prefabricated Timber-Concrete Composite Floors

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第8期18卷 394-402页

作者： pavel Nechanický Department of Steel and Timber Structures Czech Technical University in PragueKladno 27201Czech Republic

Timber-concrete composite structures are coming to be very important in housing *** have many advantages compared to traditional timber floors and are widely used as an effective method for refurbishment of existing timber *** research at CTU(Czech Technical University)is focused on industrial production of prefabricated timber-concrete panels and their easy and quick assembly,in order to reduce the total cost of production,transport and assembly.A new shear connector was developed for those *** is a punched metal plate fastener with double-sided teeth and omitted area nearby contact of timber and *** shear tests were performed on four series of punched metal plate fasteners with different geometrical *** of these tests and determination of slip modules Kser and Ku is presented in this paper.

关键词： Timber-concrete composite structures tests.

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Pulsed THz radiation under ultrafast optical discharge of vacuum photodiode

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 99-112页

作者： Aleksandr Ushakov Kseniia Mamaeva Leonid Seleznev Georgy Rizaev Vladimir Bukin Timophey Dolmatov pavel Chizhov Vladimir Bagdasarov Sergey Garnov Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991Russia Physical Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny 141700Russia Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information Moscow 125190Russia

In this paper,we first present an experimental demonstration of terahertz radiation pulse generation with energy up to 5 pJ under the electron emission during ultrafast optical discharge of a vacuum *** use a femtosecond optical excitation of metallic copper photocathode for the generation of ultrashort electron bunch and up to 45 kV/cm external electric field for the photo-emitted electron *** of terahertz pulses energy as a function of emitted charge density,incidence angle of optical radiation and applied electric field have been *** and polarization characteristics of generated terahertz pulses have also been *** proposed semi-analytical model and simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics prove the experimental data and allow for the optimization of experimental conditions aimed at flexible control of radiation parameters.

关键词： Electron emission Vacuum photodiode Ultrafast excitation Terahertz

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Adaptive Method’s Application for the Identification Systems in Dynamic Weighing

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2024年第4期12卷 175-186页

作者： pavel Shakun Transport and Telecommunication Institute RīgaLV-1019Latvia

In this work,the possibility of adaptive algorithm in WIM(weight-in-motion)systems,in which fibre optic sensors are used,is *** of dynamic weighing device consists in determining the weight and type of *** this work an algorithm for processing the input data and fiber optic sensor to create the database used in the algorithm is *** results of the algorithm for the identification of vehicles are *** conclusions are made and options of increasing the accuracy of the identification algorithm are considered.

关键词： Dynamic weighing adaptive filtering digital data processing

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