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Drug resistance mechanisms in cancers:Execution of prosurvival strategies

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第2期38卷 95-121页

作者： pavan kumar Dhanyamraju Fels Cancer Institute of Personalized Medicine Lewis-Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140USA

One of the quintessential challenges in cancer treatment is drug *** mechanisms of drug resistance have been described to date,and new modes of drug resistance continue to be *** phenomenon of cancer drug resistance is now widespread,with approximately 90% of cancer-related deaths associated with drug *** significant advances in the drug discovery process,the emergence of innate and acquired mechanisms of drug resistance has impeded the progress in cancer ***,understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance and the various pathways involved is integral to treatment *** the present review,I discuss the different mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer cells,including DNA damage repair,epithelial to mesenchymal transition,inhibition of cell death,alteration of drug targets,inactivation of drugs,deregulation of cellular energetics,immune evasion,tumor-promoting inflammation,genome instability,and other contributing epigenetic ***,I highlight available treatment options and conclude with future directions.

关键词： cancer drug resistance mechanisms microRNAs treatment strategies

Renewable energy based microgrid system sizing and energy management for green buildings

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2015年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Y.V.pavan kumar Ravikumar BHIMASINGU Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad(IITH)HyderabadIndia

The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings,which is technically feasible and economically *** a view to promote renewable energy sources,photovoltaics and wind turbines are integrated with the grid connected *** system is modeled and the optimal system configuration is estimated with the help of hybrid optimization model for electric renewables(HOMER).The logic is illustrated with a case study based on the practical data of a building located in southern *** building is associated with 3.4 MWh/day priority load(peak load as 422 kW),as well as 3.3 MWh/day deferrable load(peak load as 500 kW).Sensitivity analysis is performed to deal with uncertainties such as the increase in electricity consumption and grid tariff,environmental changes,*** the simulation result,it is observed that the designed system is cost effective and environment friendly,which leads to 6.18%annual cost savings and reduces CO_(2) emissions by 38.3%.Sensitivity results indicate that the system is optimal and adaptable in a certain range of unanticipated variances with respect to best estimated ***,an energy management strategy is developed for the optimal system to ensure reliable power during contingency and *** green and hybrid power system designed can be adaptable to any critical and large consumers of urban buildings.

关键词： Renewable energy sources(RES) Hybrid power systems(HPS) Photovoltaic(PV) Wind turbine(WT) Low-carbon electricity Energy management Total net present cost(TNPC)

Coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical modeling of microbially induced calcite precipitation process considering biomass encapsulation using a micro-scale relationship

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2775-2789页

作者： pavan kumar Bhukya Nandini Adla Dali Naidu Arnepalli Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Geomaterials with inferior hydraulic and strength characteristics often need improvement to enhance their engineering *** ground improvement techniques require enormous mechanical effort or synthetic *** stabilization technique such as microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP)utilizes bacterial metabolic processes to precipitate cementitious calcium *** reactive transport of biochemical species in the soil mass initiates the precipitation of biocement during the MICP *** precipitated biocement alters the hydro-mechanical performance of the soil ***,the flow,deformation,and transport phenomena regulate the biocementation technique via coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical(BCHM)*** all,one crucial phenomenon controlling the precipitation mechanism is the encapsulation of biomass by calcium *** encapsulation can potentially reduce the biochemical reaction rate and decelerate *** examination of the encapsulation process demands a thorough analysis of associated coupled *** this,a numerical model can assist in capturing the coupled processes influencing encapsulation during the MICP ***,most numerical models did not consider biochemical reaction rate kinetics accounting for the influence of bacterial *** this,the current study developed a coupled BCHM model to evaluate the effect of encapsulation on the precipitated calcite content using a micro-scale semiempirical ***,the developed BCHM model was verified and validated using numerical and experimental observations of soil column ***,the encapsulation phenomenon was investigated in the soil columns of variable maximum calcite crystal *** results depict altered reaction rates due to the encapsulation phenomenon and an observable change in the precipitated calcite content for each maximum crystal ***,the permeability and defor

关键词： Biocementation process Bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical(BCHM) model Reactive transport Encapsulation Micro-scale

Non-static plane symmetric inflationary Universe in scalar tensor theory

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第6期12卷 636-642页

作者： Rangavajhala Venkateswarlu Janjeti Satish Kakarlapati pavan kumar GITAM School of International Business GITAM UniversityVisakhapatnam530045India Vignan's Institute of Engineering for Women Visakhapatnam530046India Narasaraopet Engineering College Narasaraopet522601India

Non-static plane symmetric cosmological solutions are presented in the presence of cosmic strings in the scalar-tensor theory of gravitation formulated by Sen ＆ Dunn. It is shown that string cosmological models representing geometric strings （ρ = λ） and massive strings （ρ ＋λ = 0） do exist in this theory. Further, it is found that the Takabayasi string, i.e. ρ= （1 ＋ζ）λ, does not exist. Some physical and geometrical features of these models are discussed.

关键词： string fields -- inflation -- plane symmetry -- acceleration of particles-- gravitation

Sixth hour transcutaneous bilirubin predicting significant hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible neonates

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期10卷 182-185页

作者： Ramesh Y Bhat pavan CG kumar Department of Pediatrics Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal UniversityManipal-576104Udupi DistrictKarnatakaIndia

Background:Neonates with ABO hemolytic disease are at greater risk for developing significant *** aimed to determine whether sixth hour transcutaneous bilirubin(TcB)could predict such a ***:TcB measurements were obtained at the 6th hour of life in blood group A or B neonates born to blood group O,rhesus factor compatible *** hyperbilirubinemia was monitored and considered significant if a neonate required phototherapy/exchange *** predictive role of sixth hour TcB was ***:Of 144 ABO incompatible neonates,41(OA,24;O-B,17)had significant *** sixth hour TcB was significantly higher among neonates who developed significant hyperbilirubinemia than those who did not(5.83±1.35 mg/dL vs.3.65±0.96 mg/dL,P4 mg/dL had the highest sensitivity of 93.5%and>6 mg/dL had the highest specifi city of 99%.Area under receiver operating characteristic curve was ***:Sixth hour TcB predicts subsequent significant hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible neonates.

关键词： ABO incompatibility neonate phototherapy significant hyperbilirubinemia transcutaneous bilirubin

Coupled multiphysical model for investigation of influence factors in the application of microbially induced calcite precipitation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2232-2249页

作者： Xuerui Wang pavan kumar Bhukya Dali Naidu Arnepalli Shuang Chen Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)GGmbH Braunschweig38122Germany Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources(BGR) Hannover30655Germany

The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and *** model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical *** was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model ***,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different *** numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application ***,a TBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium *** understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection *** simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of ***,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP *** present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.

关键词： Multiphysics Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(TBCH) model OpenGeoSys(OGS) Influence factors

Metallurgical Behaviour and Carbon Diffusion in Buttering Deposits Prepared With and Without Buffer Layers

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第2期30卷 120-132页

作者： Dinesh W.Rathod Sunil Pandey Sivanandam Aravindan pavan kumar Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz-Khas New Delhi 110016 India School of MACE University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India

Use of a buttering deposit on ferritic steel in dissimilar metal weld（DMW） joint is a common practice in nuclear plants to connect pressure vessel components（ferritic steel） to pipelines（austenitic stainless steel）.Carbon migration and metallurgical changes near fusion interface（ferritic steel–austenitic stainless steel） lead to a steeper gradient in material properties,and minimizing this gradient is the major challenge in the manufacturing of DMW *** 82 is often deposited on ferritic steel material as buttering to reducing the gradient of physical and attaining material *** 82/182 fillers are used to minimize the carbon migration,but the results are not truly *** this paper,Ni–Fe alloy（chromium-free） has been used as the intermediate buffer layer in the weld buttering deposit to address the issue of carbon migration and subsequent metallurgical *** weld pads with and without buffer layers of Ni–Fe alloy have been investigated and compared in detail for metallurgical properties and carbon ***–Fe buffer layer can significantly control the carbon migration which resists the metallurgical *** showed the better results in postweld heat treatment and thermally aged *** buttering deposit with Ni–Fe buffer layer could be the better choice for DMW joints requirements.

关键词： Dissimilar welds Buttering Carbon diffusion Buffer layer Metallurgical properties

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of deviations from a clinical pathway on outcomes following pancreatoduodenectomy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第13期9卷 3024-3037页

作者： Monish Karunakaran pavan kumar Jonnada Savio George Barreto Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Gastrointestinal Oncologyand Bariatric SurgeryMedanta Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary SciencesGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia Department of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine Medanta-The MedicityGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia Surgical Oncology Kidwai Memorial Institute of OncologyBengaluru 560029KarnatakaIndia Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine Flinders Medical CenterBedford Park 5042South AustraliaAustralia College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders UniversityBedford Park 5042South AustraliaAustralia

BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery is steadily gaining importance in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery,including pancreatoduodenectomy(PD).While clinical pathways targeting enhanced-recovery can achieve their intended outcome in reducing length of stay,compliance to these pathways,and their relevance is poorly *** aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of deviations from/non-compliance to a clinical pathway on post-PD *** To assess the impact of deviations from/non-compliance to a clinical pathway on post-PD *** A systematic review of major reference databases was undertaken,according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines,between January 2000 and November 2020 relating to compliance with clinical pathways and its impact on outcomes in patients undergoing PD.A meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effects or random-effects *** Eleven studies including 1852 patients were *** overall compliance to all components of the clinical pathway was 65.7%[interquartile range(IQR):62.7%-72.3%]with median compliance to post-operative parameters of the clinical pathway being 44%(IQR:34.5%-52.25%).Meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model showed that≥50%compliance to a clinical pathway predicted significantly fewer post-operative complications[pooled odds ratio(OR):9.46,95%confidence interval(CI):5.00-17.90;P<0.00001]and a significantly shorter length of hospital stay[pooled mean difference(MD):4.32,95%CI:-3.88 to-4.75;P<0.0001].At 100%compliance which was associated with significantly fewer post-operative complications(pooled OR:11.25,95%CI:4.71-26.84;P<0.00001)and shorter hospital stay(pooled MD of 4.66,95%CI:2.81-6.51;P<0.00001).CONCLUSION Compliance to post-PD clinical pathways remains *** are associated with an increased risk of complications and length of hospital *** the relevance of deviations to clinical pathways post-

关键词： Outcomes Morbidity Mortality Quality Surgery Recovery

Role of aberrant Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in cancers and developmental anomalies

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2022年第1期36卷 11-19页

作者： Trupti N.Patel pavan kumar Dhanyamraju School of Biosciences and Technology Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore CampusVelloreTamil Nadu 632014India Department of Pharmacology Penn State University College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Penn State Cancer Institute HersheyPA 17033USA.

Development is a sophisticated process maintained by various signal transduction pathways,including the Hedgehog(Hh)*** important functions are executed by the Hh signaling cascade such as organogenesis,tissue regeneration,and tissue homeostasis,among various *** the multiple functions carried out by this pathway,any mutation causing aberrant Hh signaling may lead to myriad developmental abnormalities besides *** the present review article,we explored a wide range of diseases caused by aberrant Hh signaling,including developmental defects and ***,we concluded this mini-review with various treatment strategies for Hh-induced diseases.

关键词： cancer developmental anomaly hedgehog signal transduction drug treatment